八年级英语上册 如何学好宾语从句-资料及导学案 人教新目标版

1、如何学好宾语从句？一、宾语从句的概念与位置：所谓宾语从句是指在复合句中充当宾语的句子，宾语从句紧随在主句动词、介词、间接宾语或形容词之后。1）动词之后：he says that he cant come tomorrow.2)介词之后：she isnt interested in what he is doing.3）间接宾语之后:can you tell me who he is?4）形容词之后:im afraid he is ill.二、宾语从句的连词1）宾语从句为陈述句。由that引导，这时that没有词义，只起引导作用，不充当句子成分，在口语或非正式文体中常常省略。eg. he say

2、s, “i am american.” he says (that) he is 15years old.she said , “she wants to go home .” she said (that) she wanted to go home. 2）宾语从句为一般疑问句时，由连词if或whether引导eg . has he been to japan? do you know?do you know if/whether he has been to japan? can you help me? he asked me.he asked me if/whether i could

3、 help him.3）宾语从句为特殊疑问句时，由连接代词或连接副词引导，这时连词有词义，且在宾语从句中充当句子成分，常见的连接代词有：what, who, whom, whose, which;连接副词有:when, where, how, why, how many, how much, how old, how long etc.eg. what are they doing? can you tell us?can you tell us what they are doing?（在宾语从句中作宾语）whose pencil is this? we dont know we dont

4、know whose pencil this is.（whose在宾语从句中作pencil的定语并与pencil一起作表语）who was the tallest in our class? she asked. she asked who was the tallest in our class.（作主语）when does the train arrive? we dont know.we dont know when the train arrives.（作时间状语）how can i get to the post office? please tell meplease tell m

5、e how i can get to the post office. （作方式状语）how old is she? do you know?do you know how old she is?（作表语)三、宾语从句的语序陈述句语序：主句+连接词+陈述句语序的句子宾语从句四、宾语从句的时态：和主句一致1、当主句为现在时态时，宾语从句的时态不受主句时态的限制，可用所需的任何时态，如：lily has gone to beijing.i hear (that) jim arrived two days ago.she will go there by plane.2、当主句为过去时态时，宾语从句

6、的时态受主句时态的限制，一般只能用表示过去的某种时态，即：一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时 现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时1) she said,“we hope so.” she said（that） they hoped so.2) jean said, “he will go to see his friend.” jean said he would go to see his friend.3) she said, “i told her the news yesterday.” she said she

7、had told her the news the day before.3. 比较：1)he says, “i am 15years old.” he says (that) he is 15years old.he said, “i am 15years old.” he said (that) he was 15years old.2)lucy says ,i live in chongqing. lucy says (that) she lives in chongqing. lucy said ,i live in chongqing. lucy said(that) she liv

8、ed in chongqing.五、注意：1、主句：过去时态宾语从句说明的是客观真理或客观事实时，宾语从句的时态不受主句时态的限制，即时态不变。eg. our teacher said that light travels much faster than sound.我们老师说光的传播速度比声音快多了。the teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth. 老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转，月球绕着地球转。2、主句：宾语从句中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语：时态不变。eg.

9、xiao wang said, “i was born on april 21,1980.” xiao wang said he was born on april 21,1980.3、原句如果是祈使句，要改为“tell(ask, order, beg等)sb.(not)to do sth句型。eg. 1) “dont make any noise.” she said to the children.she told the children not to make any noise. 2) “bring me a cup of tea, please,” said she. she as

10、ked him to bring her a cup of tea.4、宾语从句的否定：一般情况下，宾语从句的否定与一般句子的否定一样，但动词think, believe，suppose等后跟宾语从句时，宾语从句的否定通常前移至主句中 eg. i dont think you are right. 我认为你不对。eg. we dont believe she can swim.我们相信她不会游泳。5、宾语从句与反意疑问句连用规律含有宾语从句的反意疑问句有两种形式：1）反意部分和主句谓语动词呼应：he says that he is wrong, doesnt he?2）如果主句的主语是第一人称

11、单数i且谓语动词为think, believe, suppose等,反意疑问句一般和宾语从句的谓语呼应。eg. i think he is right, isnt he? i dont believe that he will come, will he?如何学好宾语从句导学案重庆市双桥中学 胡英姿【class standard requirement】课标要求master and use the object clause 掌握和运用宾语从句【learning aims】学习目标1. knowledge aims: (知识目标)three key points of the object c

12、lause: conjunctions , word orders and tenses 连接词、语序、时态一致2. ability aims: （能力目标）through self-study, team cooperation and challenge to use the object clause correctly.通过自主学习，小组合作，挑战自我学会正确使用宾语从句。3. emotional aims:（情感目标）in our life, we can quoted what others said to get along well with them.在生活中，我们能够正确转

13、述别人的话以保持于他人的良好关系。part one: self-study (自主学习，丰富自我). 自己阅读 sb8a p 97-98 和宾语从句资料. revision(温故知新，滴水不漏)1.宾语从句在复合句中作主句的_。2.宾语从句的连词： 1）宾语从句为陈述句。由_引导，这时that没有词义，只起引导作用，不充当句子成分，在口语或非正式文体中常常省略。 2）宾语从句为一般疑问句时，由连词_或_引导。3）宾语从句为特殊疑问句时，由_或_引导。4）原句如果是祈使句，要改为_句型。3. 宾语从句的语序:_4. 宾语从句的时态：和_一致1)当主句为现在时态时，宾语从句的时态_，可用所需的_时

14、态。2)当主句为过去时态时，宾语从句的时态_，一般只能用表示_的某种时态，即：一般现在时_一般过去时_现在进行时_一般将来时_现在完成时_. think hard(仔细思考，疑难探究)a.将下列句子变为宾语从句：(1班全做，2班做1-10)1. he says, “i am watching tv.” he says _ he _ watching tv.2. he said, “i am watching tv.” he said _ he _ watching tv.3.lucy said , i will do her homework. lucy said_ she _ do her

15、homework. 4. are you 15years old？ miss hu asks tom.miss hu asks tom_ _ _ 15years old.5. has he handed in his homework? do you know? do you know_ he _ handed in his homework?6. does marry work in that hospital? will you tell me? will you tell me _ marry _ in that hospital?7. how old are you? miss hu

16、asks mary.miss hu asks mary_ _she_.8. where do you live ? miss hu asked mary?miss hu asked mary _ she _. 9. “open your books,” the teacher said to the students. the teacher _ the students _ _your books.10.”dont smoke in the room,” he said to me. he _me _ _ _in the room.11. “the earth moves around th

17、e sun.” our teacher told us. our teacher told us_ the earth _ around the sun.12. what did they fight about ? do you know?do you know what they_ _?13. when shall we have a meeting? can you tell me? can you tell me_ we _ _ a meeting?14. can you tell me when we shall set off? （同义句）can you tell me _ _ _

18、 _?15.i havent decided where i should go for my holidays.（同义句） i havent decided _ _go for my holidays. b. 单项选择：(1班全做，2班做1-5)( )1. i wonder_ .a. whose bike is it? b. it is whose bike c. is it whose bike d. whose bike it is.( )2. do you know _?a. what has happened b. what happenc. what is happened d.

19、what happening( )3. i want to know _come tomorrow. a. will she b. whether will she c. she will d. whether she will( )4. the small boy didnt know_ waiting for. a. whom were they b. whom are they c. whom they were d. whom they are( )5. could you tell me _?a. where is nearest shop b. where is the neare

20、st shop c. the nearest shop is where d. where the nearest shop is( )6. mother asked her daughter_ when she grew up.a. what she was b. what she would be c. what would she be d. what was she going to be( ) 7.the small children dont know _a. what is their stockings in b .where is in their stockingsc. w

21、here is their stocking in d. whats in their stockings（ ）8. i dont know _ he will come tomorrow. _he comes, ill tell you.a. if; whether b. whether ;whether c. if; that d. if; if( )9. please ask her_.a. whats wrong with him b. why she did that for. c. what the matter is with him d. what her father ( )

22、10. she asked me if i knew _.a. whose pen is it b. whose pen it was c. whose pen it is d. whose pen was itpart two: team-cooperation(合作探究，成就你我)重点探究part one 的15个题。part three: team-cooperation(合作探究，成就你我)组内讨论part two中关于现在进行时态的练习part three: class test(能力提升，体验成功)中考链接:1.(2004 重庆73)a:” dont play football i

23、n the street,” the teacher said to them. b: the teacher told them_ _ play football in the street.2.（2006 重庆71）. (课改实验区考生做)alice didnt know how she could draw horses well. (改为同义句)alice didnt know how _ _ horses well.(非课改实验区考生做)i wondered what i should do next. (改为同义句)i wondered what _ _ next.3.（2007 重庆25）there's a red car parking in our ne