Sample 01课件

1、Sample Test IClozeintention, purpose, goal, end, aim, object, objectiveAim stresses the direction ones efforts take in pursuit of an end 意思是目的，指抱有一种明确的意思是目的，指抱有一种明确的目的，并意目的，并意 味着为之实现而竭尽全力。味着为之实现而竭尽全力。 e.g., Whats your aim in life? It is now our aim to set up a factory.Intention simply signifies a co

2、urse of action that one proposes to follow: e.g. It is my intention to take a vacation next month. 31. B 32. C Purpose strengthens the idea of resolution or determination: purpose 意思是目的，意思是目的，指心中有打算，指意图指心中有打算，指意图, 并并意味着对所作的打算有较大的决心。意味着对所作的打算有较大的决心。e.g., His purpose was to discover how long these gue

3、sts intended to stay. It was done with a definite purposeFor what purpose (purposes) do you want to go to Canada？ for the purpose of 为了为了, 因因, 起见起见 e.g., for the purpose of making profits Goal may suggest an idealistic or long-term purpose: The colleges goal was to raise ten million dollars for a ne

4、w library. End suggests a long-range goal: The candidate wanted to win and pursued every means to achieve that end. Aim stresses the direction ones efforts take in pursuit of an end: e.g., Whats your aim in life? It is now our aim to set up a factory. The aim of most students is to graduate. An obje

5、ct is an end that one tries to carry out. Object 表示目的的意思时，含有比较具表示目的的意思时，含有比较具体的意味，往往指在我们的行为中，需要或体的意味，往往指在我们的行为中，需要或希望希望直接达到的目的直接达到的目的。E.g. The object of my visit is to consult you 我访问的目的是来和你商量。我访问的目的是来和你商量。 What is your object in studying English？ Objective often implies that the end or goal can be

6、reached. Objective与与object基本同义，基本同义，但语义更广泛，指具体或很快能达到的目的，但语义更广泛，指具体或很快能达到的目的，也可指军事目标。书面用词。也可指军事目标。书面用词。 reason: by reason of 因为因为with reason 正当地正当地Reason is never followed by of or because . You can talk about the reason for something, the reason that something happens , or the reason why something h

7、appens : Can you explain the reasons for (NOT reasons of) your decision? The main reason why/that (NOT reason because) Im writing is to invite you to stay. You can also leave out why or that : I like children, and thats the reason I became a teacher.33. Cwearvt.穿着穿着-表状态表状态 wear + a hat / a coat / tr

8、ousers / shoes / socks / glasses / a necklace / a watch / a flower / black (穿丧服穿丧服) wear + lipstick / rouge (胭脂胭脂) / perfume / a beard2) Put on表动作表动作 wear / put on +衣服衣服3) Dress-vt. 给给穿衣穿衣,装饰装饰 vi. 穿上衣服穿上衣服/穿着衣服穿着衣服; dress the baby dress a Christmas tree She returned to the shop dressed in a fur coa

9、t. The man is dressed in blue. grow长出长出 grow a beard 留胡子留胡子 grow roots/horns/a new skin keep保持保持, 保存保存, 遵守遵守, 经营经营, 看守看守, 拘留拘留, 维持维持, 记记(日记日记,帐等帐等)remain保持保持, 逗留逗留, 剩余剩余, 残存残存34. A beard mustache goateePortrait of Maj. Gen. Ambrose E. Burnside, officer of the Federal Armysideburns orburnsides35. Aru

10、le:规则规则, 惯例惯例, 统治统治an accepted principle or instruction that states the way things are or should be done, and tells you what you are allowed or are not allowed to do:A referee must know all the rules of the game.You must follow/obey/observe the rules.regulation: an official rule or the act of contro

11、lling:法规法规 , 规章规章safety/health/traffic/fire regulationsBefore you start your own business you should be familiar with the governments rules and regulations.规章制度规章制度Principle: 原则原则,准则准则(basic idea) moral Black tie is a dress code for semi-formal evening events, and is worn to many types of social fun

12、ctions. For a man, the major component is a jacket, known as a dinner jacket (British) or tuxedo (Canada and the U.S.), which is usually black but is also seen in midnight blue. tailcoat37. Aclothes统指服装统指服装, 不指一件衣服不指一件衣服, 无单数无单数 a clothes () these clothes ()2) clothing-衣服的总称衣服的总称,包括鞋帽包括鞋帽, 不可数不可数,有时

13、与有时与1)可互换可互换. People wear warm clothing/clothes in winter.3) cloth material 布布,不可数不可数 a tablecloth two tablecloths wearingadj. 用来穿戴的用来穿戴的; tiring使人疲倦的使人疲倦的 wearing apparel 穿戴的衣物穿戴的衣物 a wearing visit 令人困乏的拜访令人困乏的拜访Overalls:防护服，罩衫防护服，罩衫, 工装裤工装裤overallsorboiler suit38. Bbe known to do sth.意思是意思是见到过，听到见

14、到过，听到过，据说过，据说。identify识别识别, 鉴别鉴别, 把把.和和.看成一样看成一样The gunman in Wednesdays attack has been identified as Lee, an unemployed truck driver.regardas40. BWillingness自动自发自动自发 + to infinitive She shows a willingness to work on her own initiative.B. offer:the act of offering 给给, 给的行为：给的行为： an offer of assist

15、ance 提供帮助提供帮助41. A appealingly (adv.)吸引人地吸引人地 appealing (adj.)吸引人的吸引人的 eg., What an appealing little baby! appeal (v.)恳求恳求,呼吁呼吁 to sb. to do sth. appeal for sth. Theyre appealing for clothes and blankets to send to the devastated region.Church leaders have appealed to the government to halt the war.

16、 42. D B. distinguished卓著的卓著的, 著名的著名的, 高贵的高贵的 a distinguished guest 贵宾贵宾 C. deviant: describes a person or behaviour that is not usual and is generally considered to be unacceptable不正常的不正常的 D. be different from43. C1) convert: To change into another form, substance, state, or product; transform 变换：变

17、换：使（某物）转变成另一种形式、物质、状态或使（某物）转变成另一种形式、物质、状态或结果；使转化。（指进行全部或局部改变以适应新的结果；使转化。（指进行全部或局部改变以适应新的功能或用途。指信仰或态度时，强调较激烈、大的改功能或用途。指信仰或态度时，强调较激烈、大的改变。）变。） convert water into ice. convert a forest into farmland.2) transform: To change markedly the appearance or form of 使使变形变形 Synonym: convert A thick fog had trans

18、formed the trees into ghosts.3) Alter:指指“局部的、外表的变化局部的、外表的变化, 但特点不变但特点不变” （常指轻微的改变，强调基本上保持原物、原状的情（常指轻微的改变，强调基本上保持原物、原状的情况下所进行的部分改变。况下所进行的部分改变。 ）This coat should be altered. 这件外套应该改改。这件外套应该改改。 4) vary:不规则或连续地改变不规则或连续地改变 ; 使多样化使多样化 Customs vary with the times. 习俗随时代而异。习俗随时代而异。 vary as/ in /with vary on

19、es diet. 使某人的饮食多样化使某人的饮食多样化 45. Didentical: same同一的同一的similar相似的相似的D. distinct: clearly separate and different (from something else) 截然不同的截然不同的, 独特独特的的46. CA. Special 特殊的，特别的，专门的特殊的，特别的，专门的(反义词：反义词：ordinary)，强调的是事物特有的性质、性格或，强调的是事物特有的性质、性格或专门的目的、用途。专门的目的、用途。B. especial用于正式场合，在口语中，常被用于正式场合，在口语中，常被 spe

20、cial替代。特别的，主要的，突出的替代。特别的，主要的，突出的(反义词：反义词：common)，强调的是重要性，有，强调的是重要性，有“优越优越”、“好好感感”之意。之意。Specific 着重指某种、某类事物具有的特殊或特定着重指某种、某类事物具有的特殊或特定的属性，也可指专门提出作特别考虑的事物。的属性，也可指专门提出作特别考虑的事物。 C. particular 特别的，讲究的，挑剔的，强调特别的，讲究的，挑剔的，强调“特特定的定的”，“个别的个别的”，“与众不同的与众不同的”。 You must have special permission to enter this room你必

21、须得到特许才能进这个房间。你必须得到特许才能进这个房间。 He solved the problem of especial importance他解决了非常重要的问题。他解决了非常重要的问题。 It happened on that particular day 事情发生在那个特别的日子。事情发生在那个特别的日子。 Shes very particular about what she eats.47. BB. sociable好交际的好交际的, 友善的友善的C. Sober 冷静的冷静的serious and calm Anthony was in a very sober moodI s

22、carcely heard him laugh all night.D. Solemn 庄严的庄严的, 隆重的隆重的, 严肃的严肃的 serious and without any amusement:Eg., a solemn face/voice solemn music Everyone looked very solemn.48. Cblending混和混和, 混和物混和物a mixture obtained when two or more things are combined: 侧重混合成分之间的类似和整个混合物的侧重混合成分之间的类似和整个混合物的统一性。统一性。associa

23、tion协会协会, 联合联合, 结交结交, 联想联想combination结合结合, 联合联合, 合并。合并。指相混元指相混元素的紧密结合，但不一定的是融合素的紧密结合，但不一定的是融合。 mixture混合混合, 混合物混合物. 普通用词，指不同普通用词，指不同类种、性质不同的事物的混合。类种、性质不同的事物的混合。 This drug can be safely used in combination with other medicines. 与与.结合结合 The mixture of flour, water and yeast is then left in a warm plac

24、e for four hours. This event was organized in association with the Sports Council. 与与.联合联合50. DA. Scot 1.苏格兰人苏格兰人 2.苏格兰方言苏格兰方言B. Scotsman 苏格兰人，苏格兰男人苏格兰人，苏格兰男人C. Scotland 苏格兰苏格兰(英国的一部分英国的一部分,在不列在不列颠北部颠北部)D. Scottish (adj.) 苏格兰的苏格兰的, 苏格兰人的苏格兰人的E. Scotch adj. whisky Scotland is about 78,760 sq.km., les

25、s than 30% of the whole island, with a population of 5 million, less than one tenth of the total population.The Scots Descendants of the Picts and the Celts Gaelic still in use in remote parts Character: inventive, hardworking, serious, thrifty hospitable, generous, friendly Famous Scottish writers

26、include Robert Burns, Sir Walter Scott and Robert Stevenson. Kilts, bagpipes, whisky and golfGrammar52. Tag question1)以以Lets开头的祈使句开头的祈使句,反意疑问句用反意疑问句用shall we。如如: Lets go, shall we? 2)如果陈述句的谓语动词为如果陈述句的谓语动词为used to,反意疑问句反意疑问句既可以用既可以用didnt,也可以用也可以用usednt。如。如: You used to go to school on foot, didnt you

27、/ usednt you? 3) must have+过去分词过去分词+具体的过去时间具体的过去时间,反意反意疑问句用疑问句用didnt。如。如: The boy must have got there yesterday, didnt he? 4)如果陈述句是复合句如果陈述句是复合句,且主句的主语和谓语分且主句的主语和谓语分别是别是I think, I guess, I suppose, I believe, I imagine等时等时,反意疑问句的反意疑问句的人称和数要与从人称和数要与从句保持一致句保持一致;如果主句的主谓不是以上结构时如果主句的主谓不是以上结构时,则反意疑问句的则反意疑问

28、句的人称和数要与主句保持一致人称和数要与主句保持一致。如如: I dont think the boy is a student, is he? He believed Mary could do it well, didnt he?y5) 如果陈述句的主语是如果陈述句的主语是none of+名词名词,反意疑问反意疑问句的人称和数要与该名词保持一致。如句的人称和数要与该名词保持一致。如: None of the chalk is yellow, is it? None of the boys are university students, are they? 6)如果陈述句的主语是如果陈述句

29、的主语是no one, none, nobody, nothing等含有否定意义的不定代词时等含有否定意义的不定代词时,反意反意疑问句要用肯定式。如疑问句要用肯定式。如: No one was there that day, was he/ were they? 7) 如果陈述句的主语是如果陈述句的主语是someone, anyone, everyone, no one, somebody, anybody, everybody, nobody时时,反意反意疑问句的主语可以用疑问句的主语可以用they,也可以用也可以用he,为避免性别歧为避免性别歧视视,现代英语多用现代英语多用they。如。如

30、: Everyone likes him, dont they/ doesnt he? 8) 如果陈述句的主语是不定式、动名词、主语从句或如果陈述句的主语是不定式、动名词、主语从句或this, that时时,反意疑问句的主语用反意疑问句的主语用it;如果陈述句的主如果陈述句的主语是语是these, those时时,则用则用they。如。如: This is yours, isnt it? Seeing is believing, isnt it? Whether we will come to the party or not is up to him, isnt it? These are

31、not yellow in color, are they? 9) 解题妙法解题妙法 如果前一部分为肯定形式，后一部分如果前一部分为肯定形式，后一部分 通通常用否定形式；特别要注意，这时英语常用否定形式；特别要注意，这时英语回答和汉语回答是不一致的。如果陈述回答和汉语回答是不一致的。如果陈述部分包含有部分包含有“no, never, hardly, little, few, scarcely, seldom”等词，这部分就算否定。等词，这部分就算否定。如果陈述部分的否定词仅带有如果陈述部分的否定词仅带有否定前缀否定前缀，那么，该陈述部分作肯定句处理，反意那么，该陈述部分作肯定句处理，反意疑问部

32、分用否定形式。疑问部分用否定形式。 Vocabulary whatsoever-adj. 1) 放在放在n.后后,用于否定句用于否定句/疑问句疑问句, 相当于相当于at all一点都一点都, 任何的任何的 eg. I have no money . Is there any chance ?有任何可能性吗有任何可能性吗? 2) pron.无论什么无论什么, 也作也作whatever eg. Whatsoever you do, dont keep him waiting.61. C.indeedadv.(said in answers) Yes, certainly. eg. -Did you

33、 hear the explosion? -Indeed. I did.2) 用于用于very后后, 加强语气加强语气. Very cold indeed.3) 表惊讶或疑惑表惊讶或疑惑, eg. -I earn $1,000 a day.1) - Indeed! 真的吗真的吗!63. AChance机会机会, 可能性可能性, 偶然性偶然性 B. opportunity机会机会, 时机时机C. Occasion 时机时机,场合场合, 机会机会(正式正式)a particular time, especially when something happens or has happened:We

34、 met on several occasions to discuss the issue.a special or formal event: I have a suit but I only wear it on special occasions.场合场合FORMAL an opportunity or reason for doing something The bride took/used the occasion to make a short speech.机会机会 on occasion: from time to time 偶尔；不时地偶尔；不时地D. expectanc

35、y期待期待, 期望期望expectation: a life expectancy of 70 years 预计70岁的寿命64. Cwasting adj.浪费的, 消耗的spending n. 开销,花费passing adj. 经过的, 短暂的, 及格的 The situation seems to become more hopeless with each/every passing day.Passing n. the passing of time/the yearsD. idle adj.空闲的, 懒惰的65. D B. unique 无双的无双的,独一无二的独一无二的, 可用

36、可用absolutely, totally修饰修饰, 但不可用但不可用very, more, most 修饰修饰. eg. The stamp is unique; there are no others like it. 作表语或后置定语作表语或后置定语+to eg. It is unique to this country. special difficulties to blind people 极不寻常的极不寻常的,极好的极好的 eg. a man杰出的人杰出的人 C. Single: one only单一的单一的, 单身的单身的 eg., Not a single person of

37、fered to help her.D. only: used to show that there is a single one or very few of something eg., I was the only person on the train. an only child / only children独生子女 a child who has no sisters or brothers 67. C A. at length: (1) at last最后最后, 终于终于; (2) 祥尽地祥尽地 eg. “Im not sure,” he said at length. We

38、 have discussed the matter at great length. in length: 长度是长度是 eg. It is 10 meters in length.B. in full : completely eg., The bill must be paid in full by the end of the month.C. on end:连续地连续地 eg. He sat there for hours on end.D. in time 及时及时68. CA. Case in case of 万一万一 in any case无论如何无论如何 in case如果如

39、果 ,以防万一以防万一B. Way by way of 通过；经由通过；经由 go out of the way不怕麻烦地不怕麻烦地 in a way 在某种程度上在某种程度上 in the way挡道地挡道地C.View in view of 鉴于；考虑到鉴于；考虑到 on view展出的展出的 D. Event at all events 在任何情况下，不管怎样在任何情况下，不管怎样 in any event 在任何情况下，不管怎样在任何情况下，不管怎样 in the event 万一发生万一发生 69. ARemind sb of sth 提醒提醒, 使记起使记起Recall: reme

40、mber回忆回忆, 回想回想, 记起记起 The old man recalled the city as it had been before the war. + (that) He recalled (that) he had sent the letter over a month ago. + question word Can you recall what happened last night? + doing She recalled seeing him outside the shop on the night of the robbery.70. BBroke up把分

41、裂成碎片；分散Broke forth 迸发, 突然喊出来Broke through突破，穿过Broke upon (无)71. BB. A fire escape 太平梯, 安全出口C & D 楼梯, 台阶的级 72. Cworth: adj. 1) worth + 钱钱/名词名词 eg. Be $50 The exhibition is well worth a visit. 2) worth + doing 2. worthy: adj. 1)有价值的有价值的,有意义的有意义的, 有出息的有出息的 e.g. He has lived a worthy life. The school has graduated many worthy young people.2) 值得值得,配得上配得上 be worthy + to do sth. Eg. He is to take his place. be worthy of. Eg. Her behavio