九年级英语各单元知识要点讲义 人教新目标版

1、九年级英语各单元知识要点讲义 人教新目标版Unit 1 How do you study for a testSection A1. How do you study for a test? 你怎样为考试做准备？2. by 1）通过.方式（途径）。（by doing sth 通过做某事）例：I learn English by listening to tapes. 2）在.旁边。例：by the window/the door 3）乘坐交通工具 例：by bus/car 4）在之前，到为止。例：by October在10月前 5）被 例：English is spoken by many p

2、eople. 6) 由于 by mistake 7) 连接 one by one 一个接着一个3. ask： 1) ask sb (not)to do sth .请某人（不要）做某事 2) ask sb about sth .询问某人关于某事 He asked me about the meeting.3) ask for. 请求/要 如：Ill ask for two days off. 我将请两天假。 4) ask sb for sth 向某人请求/要某物 ask the teacher for help 向老师求助4. practice doing 练习做某事 She often pra

3、ctice speaking English. 她经常练习说英语。5. What/ how about +doing sth.? 做某事如何？6. aloud / loudly / loud1）aloud: adv,强调发出的声音能被听见，意为“出声地”或“大声地”，常与read,call连用，无比较级和最高级。 He read the story aloud to his son.他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。2）loud: adj/adv “响亮的/地；大声的/地；高声地”，侧重发出的声音大，传得远。用作副词时,常与speak, talk, laugh,shout等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放

4、在动词之后。如: She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。Be quiet. Dont speak so loud.3）loudly: adv. 与loud同义,有时两者可替换使用,但往往含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思,可位于动词之前或之后。如: He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑7. talk about/on 谈论，议论，讨论talk to sb.对某人说话 talk with sb. 与某人说话8. 提建议的句子：1）What/ how about +

5、doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping? 2）Why dont you + do sth.? 如：Why dont you go shopping? 3）Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping? 4）Lets + do sth. 如： Lets go shopping 5）Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I go shopping? 6）Would you like sth / to do sth? 如：Would you like to go shopping?

6、9. I have learned a lot that way.     用那种方法，我已经学到了很多东西。1)a lot的用法：修饰动词eg:Thanks a lot 修饰比较级 eg:I fell a lot better2) that way    用那种方法10. Its too hard to understand the voice. 听懂那些声音太难了。tooto 太而不能 常用的句型 too+adj./adv. + to do sth. 如：Im too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都

7、不想说。11. for example (=for instance) “例如”，一般只以同类事物或人中的“一个”为例。 Such as用于列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。 For example, he has been there,too. Ive been to many big cities, such as Beijing,Shanghai and Xian.12. Memorizing the words of pop songs also helped a little. 记流行歌曲的词也起作用。动名词作主语谓语为第三人称单数。Swimming is good for our he

8、alth.13. Wei Ming feels differently. 卫明有不同的感受。14. He finds watching movies frustrating. 他觉得看电影让人感到沮丧. 1）frustrating. adj. “令人沮丧的，令人失望的”。用来描述事物。2）frustrated. adj. “（感到）沮丧的/失望的”。用来描述人。3）frustrate v. “使沮丧/失望/厌烦” 4）frustration n. 沮丧,失望,不满15. add v 1) 加，增加 （add . to .把加到上）The teacher added a few names to

9、 the list.2) 补充说，继续说 She added that having conversations with friends was not helpful at all. 她又说和朋友对话根本没用。16. have a conversation with sb 与某人交谈17. not at all 一点也不 根本不 I like milk very much. I dont like coffee at all. 我非常喜欢牛奶。我一点也不喜欢咖啡。 not经常可以和助动词结合在一起，at all 则放在句尾18. be / get excited about sth.= b

10、e / get excited about doing sth. = be/get excited to do sth. 对感到兴奋 如： I am / get excited about going to Beijing.= I am /get excited to go to Beijing. 我对去北京感到兴奋。19. end up1) end up doing sth 以做某事结束 如：The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。 2) end up with sth. 以结束 The party ended up with her singing. 晚会

11、以她的歌唱而告终。 3）end up + n/pron 结果为/最后成为如：She ended up a nurse of that hospital. 4) end up + at+小地点/in+大地点 “意外到达某地” To our surprise,we ended up in the same place.20. do/make a survey about/of 做一个的调查21. keep an English notebook 记英语笔记 take notes 记笔记 take notes of 记笔记Section B1. pronounce v. 发音 pronunciati

12、on n. 发音2. speaking与spoken 1)书面英语：written English； 口头英语：spoken English2)说英语的：English-speaking 口语能力：speaking skills3. mistake 1) n.错误 make a mistake / make mistakes(in) “ (在某方面)犯错” 如：make mistakes in grammar 犯语法错误 2) v. 犯错 mistake A for B 把A错认为B I mistook him for his brother. 3) by mistake 错误地；由于搞错4.

13、 get the pronunciation right 使发音准确5. I dont have a partner to practice English with. 我没有搭档一起练习英语。动词不定式1) 做定语后置 The best way to learn English is reading aloud.The fastest way to travel is by plane 2) 与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系。不定式修饰名词，动词短语后如有介词时不能省略I need a pen to write with. I dont have a partner to practice Eng

14、lish with.I need some paper to write on. I dont have a room to live in.6. first of all 首先 to begin with 一开始 later on 后来、随7. I found it was hard to get on well with him. hard to get on well with him. I found the windows closed were closed8. in class在课堂上9. It doesnt matter. 没关系。10. afraid 1) be afraid

15、 to do sth 害怕做某事 2) be afraid of doing sth害怕做某事 3) be afraid of sb / sth害怕某人/某物 4) Im afraid + that从句 恐怕 Im afraid that you are wrong. 恐怕是你错了。 5) Im afraid so 恐怕是这样 Im afraid not 恐怕不是这样11. laugh at sb = make fun of sb笑话；取笑（某人）12. Its amazing how much this helped. 令人惊奇的是这种方法对我帮助很大。13. enjoy doing sth

16、 .=have fun doing sth 喜欢做乐意做 enjoy oneself 过得愉快 如：He enjoyed himself. 他过得愉快。14. My teacher is very impressed. 给老师留下了深刻的印象。 impress vt 1)“使感动”His letter impressed us all. 2)“给深刻的印象”（impress.with sth “在方面给深刻的印象”）The girl impressed us with her liveliness3) impress sth on sb “使某人铭记某物，使某人深刻认识到” I impress

17、 on my students the importance of English.15. have trouble doing sth 做某事有困难Self check Reading1. write down 写下，记下2. look up (v + adv) （在字典、参考书等中）查找，查询；向上看3. native speaker 说本族语的人4. make up 组成，构成，编造，虚构，化妆，打扮5. Most people speak English as a second language.大多数人把英语作为第二语言讲。a second 再一，又一。当序数词与a/an连用时，即“

18、不定冠词a/an+序数词”，并不表示顺序，而是用来强调“又一次，又一个”。如：I want to try a second time.我想再试一次。Please give me a third apple.请再给我一个苹果。6. How do we deal with our problem? 我们怎样处理我们的问题？deal with 对付；对待，处理。侧重于方式方法。（“怎样处理”的“怎样”用how） do with 对待，处理。侧重于对象。（“怎样处理”的“怎样”用what） What.do with.? = How.deal with.? 怎么处理 I dont know how th

19、ey deal with the problem. =I dont know what they do with the problem.我不知道他们如何处理这个问题。 The man is easy to deal with.7. unless ( = if not) 假如不，除非。. 引导条件状语从句 You will fail unless you work hard.假如你不努力你会失败。 I wont write unless he writes first. 除非他先写要不我不写8. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人/ 某事 Mother worried abo

20、ut his son just now. 妈妈刚才担心他的儿子。9. Its +形容词+(for sb. ) to do sth. (对于某人来说)做某事 Its difficult (for me ) to study English. 对于我来说学习英语太难了。 句中的it 是形式主语，真正的主语是to study English10. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 11. be angry with sb. 对某人生气 12. perhaps = maybe 也许13. go by 1）(时间) 过去，消失 如： Two years went by. 两年过去了。 2）

21、经过 如：I saw a new car go by just now.14. each other 彼此 15. regard as 把看作为. 如：The boys regarded Anna as a fool. 这些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜。plain about 抱怨17. too many许多修饰可数名词如：too many girls too much许多修饰不可数名词 如：too much milk much too太修饰形容词或副词 如：much too beautiful18. changeinto将变为The magician changed the pen into a bo

22、ok. 这个魔术师将这支钢笔变成了一本书。19. with the help of sb. = with ones help 在某人的帮助下 如：with the help of Li Lei = with Li Leis help 在李雷的帮助下20. compare A to B“把A与B相比，把A比作B” compare A with B“把A与B相比”compare with “比得上，可与匹配”compare with/to “和相比”，常做状语。1）Please compare this book to/with that one , and find the difference

23、s between them.2) We often compare teachers to candles3) Compare you to/with Anna, you are lucky. 4) Your new computer cant compare with my new one.21. instead “代替”用在句末，副词（字面上常不译出来） instead of sth. / doing sth. “代替，而不是” 用在句中，动词 Last summer I went to Beijing. This year Im going to Shanghai instead.去年

24、夏天我去北京, 今年我将要去上海。 I will go instead of you. 我将代替你去。 He stayed at home instead of going swimming. 他呆在家里而不是去游泳。22. influence 1) vt. “影响，对起作用”如：Toms actions influence me. 2) n. “影响，影响力” have (an) influence on (upon) “对有影响” The earthquake in Sichuan had great influence on the peoples life on May 12,2008

25、. under the influence of“在的影响下”Under the influence of him, Tom can study hard now.23. face 1) n. 脸，面部 2）vt. 面向，面对；正视 Our house faces the park. 3) be faced with/by “面临，面对” We are faced with the same problem.我们面临着同样的难题。 Unit 2 I used to be afraid of the darkSection A1. dark 1）adj.黑暗的 Its dark bef

26、ore 6 in winter. 冬天在6点钟之前天就黑了 2）adj. 深的（用于形容颜色）a dark blue skirt一件深蓝色的裙子 3)un. A. (the dark)黑暗 I used to be afraid of the dark.我过去怕黑。 B. (前无the)天黑，晚上 We must get there before dark.我们必须在天黑之前到达那儿。2. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事（否定结构：usednt to do sth. / didnt use to do sth. 一般疑问句结构：Did sb use to do sth.? /

27、used sb to do sth?） be/get/become used to + n. / pron. / /doing sth.习惯于（做）某事 be used to do sth. 被用来做某事（被动语态） be used for doing sth. 被用来做某事be used as 被作为使用be used by sb. 被某人使用1) 他过去常常放学后踢足球。 He after school.2) 他过去常常踢足球吗？3）他过去不吸烟。 4）我过去不是很文静。5）他习惯于早起床。6）木材被用来造纸。Wood7）小刀是用来切东西的。3. Dont you remember me?

28、 你不记得我了吗？（否定疑问句.根据事实回答）Yes, I do. 不, 我记得. No, I dont 是的, 我不记得了4. wait a minute 等一等5. be more interested in 对更感兴趣.6. be on the swim team = be a member of the swim team 在游泳队效力（是游泳队队员）7. sure 1) adj.“确信的，确实的，一定的”be sure of sth确信某事 be sure+that从句：确信 be sure to do sth必定会做某事 2) adv 无疑，确实 好，当然，没问题（用于应答）A.他

29、深信自己会成功。B.他一定会来的。C.的确很冷。D. People sure change. 人的确在变啊。E. May I open the window? Sure.我可以打开窗户吗？当然可以。8. fly in an airplane = take an airplane坐飞机9. terrify vt. 使害怕，使恐惧 You terrified me. 你吓了我一跳。10. terrified害怕的 be terrified of . 害怕 如：I am terrified of the dog.我怕狗be terrified of doing sth. 如：I am terrifi

30、ed of speaking.我怕说话be terrified of 害怕的程度比 be afraid of 深.be terrified at / with “被吓一跳” 我被那个坏消息吓了一跳。11. 表伴随状况的结构：with+宾语+宾语补足语（形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、不定式、名词）I go to sleep with my bedroom light on. 我开着卧室的灯睡觉.She said good-bye with tears in her eyes.她含着泪水说再见。I went out with the window open. 我外出时没有关窗户。Section B

31、1. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人/某事 worry 是动词be worried about sb./sth. 担心某人/某事worried 是形容词不用担心他。 妈妈担心她的儿子。2. 每天放学后every day after school3. all the time 一直; 始终4. I used to eat candy all the time. Did you? 我过去总是吃糖，你呢？ Did you? 相当于What about you?我想去那儿，你呢？I want to go there. ?5. 那么多 so many可数名词 so much不可数名

32、词 6. go right home 直接回家7. spend 动词，表示“花费金钱、时间”1）spendon sth. 在某事上花费（金钱、时间）2）spenddoing sth. 花费（金钱、时间）去做某事He spends too much time on clothes. 他花费太多的时间在衣着He spend 3 months building the bridge. 他花费了三个月去建这座桥8. chat with sb. 与某人闲聊如：I like to chat with him.9. hardly ever 几乎不（表否定意义）10. I really miss the ol

33、d days. 我真的怀念过去的那些日子。11. How I've changed! 我的变化真大！12. in the last/past few years. 在过去的几年里常与完成时连用如：I have lived in China in the last few years. 在过去的几年内我在中国住。13. my daily life 我的日常生活14. be different from 与不同Self check Reading1. how to swim 怎样游泳不定式与疑问词连用：动词不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when 等引导的疑问

34、句连用，构成不定式短语。如：The question is when to start. 问题是什么时候开始。 I dont know where to go. 我不知道去哪。2. make sb./ sth. + 形容词make you happymake sb./ sth. + 动词原形 make him laugh3. stressed out 紧张的，有压力的 4. It seems that +从句看起来好像如：It seems that he has changed a lot. 看起来他好像变了许多。5. cause/make a lot of trouble 造成大量的麻烦 g

35、et into trouble 遇到麻烦get into trouble with sb 和发生冲突 be in trouble 处于困境中have trouble (in)doing 在做某事方面有麻烦6. help sb. with sth. 帮某人某事 help sb. (to ) do sth. 帮某人做某事她帮助我学英语。She helped me with English. /She helped me (to) study English。7. fifteen-year-old 作形容词15岁的如：a fifteen-year-old boy一个15岁的男孩fifteen yea

36、rs old 指年龄15岁如：I am fifteen years old . 我是15岁。8. a problem child 问题少年9. afford +n./pron/to do sth. 买得起，负担得起我买不起这个辆小车。10. to do this为此11. 尽可能的 as + 形容词./副词as possible =as + 形容词./副词as one can 如：她尽她最快的能力去跑。12. patient 1) 病人 2）adj. 有耐心的，忍耐的 be patient with对有耐心，耐心对待 王医生耐心对待每个病人。13. in the end 最后 at last最

37、后14. make a decision 下决定下决心 come to / arrive at a decision 决定下来15. to ones surprise 令某人惊讶的是如：to their surprise令他们惊讶的是to LiLeis surprise令李雷惊讶的是16. take pride in =be proud of 以而自豪 如：他的爸爸总是以他而自豪 17. even though / even if 即使18. notany more =no more表示数量或程度上的“不再（增加）”，通常修饰终止性动词。 notany longer =no longer指时间

38、或距离上的“不再（延长）”通常修饰延续性动词 他不再去那里了。 你不能再留在这里了。19. pay attention to +n./pron/v-ing 对注意，留心（to 为介词）你应该多注意你的朋友。You must your friend. Youd better pay attention to (go) over the words. 20. feel good about oneself 感到自信21. as Martin himself says 正像玛丁自己说的22. be able to do sth. 能做某事 She is able to do it. 她能够做到。 c

39、an仅用于一般现在时和一般过去时，be able to 可用于各种时态。23. give in 屈服，让步 give up 放弃 give up doing sth. 放弃做某事如：我爸爸已经放弃吸烟了24. in the past 在过去Unit 3 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothesSection A1. 语态：1) 英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 Cats eat fish. （主动语态）猫吃鱼。 Fish is eaten by cats.(

40、被动语态)鱼被猫吃。 2）被动语态的构成 由“助动词be 及物动词的过去分词”构成。（如果要强调动作的执行者，可加上by+执行者。 助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be 作为连系动词时完全一样。时态被动语态结构例句一般现在时am/is/are doneEnglish is spoken by many people.许多人说英语。一般过去时was/were doneRome wasnt built in a day.罗马不是一天建成的一般将来时shall/will be doneam/is/are going to be doneA library will be built

41、in the city.市里将建一个图书馆The plan is going to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow. 该计划将会在明天的会议上讨论。过去将来时should/would be donewas/were going to be doneHe told me that he would be taught a lesson by his father.他告诉我他会被他的爸爸教训一顿。He told me the plan was going to be discussed at the meeting他告诉我该计划将会在会议上讨论现在进行时a

42、m/is/are being doneThe car is being repaired.车正在被修理。过去进行时was/were being doneThe car was being repaired at this time yesterday.昨天的这个时候车正在被修理。现在完成时have/has been doneThis novel has been translated into many languages.这部小说已被译成多种语言。过去完成时had been doneWhen he reached the station, all the tickets had been s

43、old out. 当他到车站时票已售完 注：done 即及物动词的过去分词。 3）含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。如： The trees may be planted in spring. 树可在春天种植。 The room must be kept clean. 房间必须保持整洁。Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.青少年应当被允许选择他们自己的衣服。 4）被动语态的用法当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。En

44、glish is spoken in Canada. 加拿大说英语。The bridge was built in 1949. 这座桥建于1949年。The car is being repaired. 车正在被修理。This novel has been translated into many languages. 这部小说已被译成多种语言。The plan is going to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow. 该计划将会在明天的会议上讨论。 5）一些被动语态的固定结构 be supposed to “应该” What am I suppose

45、d to do? 我该怎么做？ It is said that据说 It is believed that据信 It is reported that据报道 It is estimated that据估计 It is thought that有人认为 It is well known that众所周知It is generally agreed that人们通常认为 It can be seen that可以看出 It has been found that研究/实验表明 It has been shown that业已表明 It must be realized that必须认识到 It u

46、sed to be said that常言道 6）用主动形式表示被动意义的情况 有些不及物动词与easily, quickly, well等副词连用表示主语的内在特征、性质或状态时，习惯用主动形式表示被动意义。（常见的有sell, lock, close, open, wash, write, start, begin, wear, read.） This kind of shirts sell well.这种衬衫很好卖。The door lock easily.这门很容易锁。The pen writes well.这笔很好用。 在形容词worth和动词need, want, require等

47、后以动名词的主动形式表被动意义。 The movie is worth watching. 这部电影值得一看。 Your hair needs cutting. 你的头发需要理了。 某些系动词如feel（摸上去）, smell（闻起来）, sound（听起来）, taste（尝起来）, look（看上去）, prove（证明是）等，也习惯以主动形式表示被动意义。 The design proved to be a success.该设计被证明是成功的。 This kind of paper feels very soft.这种纸摸起来很柔软。 The desk looks old. 这张桌子看

48、上去很旧。 Good medicine tastes bitter.良药苦口。2. allow 允许，准许1）allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 妈妈允许我每晚看电视。2）allow doing sth. 允许做某事 We dont allow smoking in public.我们不允许在公共场所吸烟。3）be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事（被动语态） LiLy is allowed to go to Hangzhou. 莉莉被允许去杭州。3. a sixteen

49、-year-old “一个16岁的孩子/青少年”如：Tom is a sixteen-year-old sixteen-year-olds“16岁的孩子们/青少年们” 如：two sixteen-year-olds两个16岁的孩子 sixteen-year-old adj.“16岁的”作前置定语Tom is a sixteen-year-old student.汤姆是个16岁的学生。sixteen years old “16岁”作表语 Tom is sixteen years old. 汤姆16岁。4. have/get + sth.+ done(过去分词) 使某事被做；请某人做某事I hav

50、e/get my car repaired 我让别人修理了我的车汽车。I cant get the car started.我无法把小轿车开动起来。get their ears pierced 穿耳洞5. enough 足够1）形容词/副词enough 如：beautiful enough足够漂亮 2）enough名词如：enough food 足够的食物 3）enough to 足够去做如： I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。 She is old enough to go to school. 她够大去读书了。6. stop d

51、oing sth. 停止做某事 请停止说话。 stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 请停下来说话。 stop sb from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事。 没人能阻止我去那儿。cant stop doing sth. 忍不住做某事 他忍不住哭了。7. seem v.看起来，似乎，好像1) seem + ( to be ) adj. / n. 2) seem + to do 3) It seems + that 引导的从句 4) It seems + as if引导的从句他好像很悲伤。他的父亲看起来像个亲切的人。他似乎什么都知道看样子，他们终归得结婚。It seemed as

52、 if they would marry in the end.8. need 需要 1) 情态动词：后接动词原形 2）实义动词 sb need to do sth 某人需要做某事 Yong people need to sleep sth need doing = sth need to be done 某物需要被 The bike needs repairing. = The bike needs to be repaired.这辆自行车需要修理。9. at that age 在那个年龄 at the age of. 在岁的时候10. agree vi. 同意，赞同，应允，意见一致 1）a

53、gree with sb 与某人意见一致，同意某人（的意见） 2）agree about/on sth 在某事或某方面达成一致的意见 3）agree to + n. ( plan计划，suggestion建议，arrangement安排,proposal提议 ) 4）agree to do sth 同意做某事 我和你意见相同。 I agree you. = I agree with what you say. 对于那件事他们意见一致。 They agree the matter. 老板同意我的计划。The boss agreed my plan. 他答应帮助我们。 He agreed us. 10. 倒装句1）sobe动词/助动词/情态动词主语 意为：也是一样（后者与前者情况一样） She is a student. So am I.她是一个学生，我也是。 She went to school just now. So did I . 她刚才去学校了，我也是 Tom has finished the work. So have I . 汤姆已经完成了工作,我也完成了。She will go to school. So will he.她将去学校，他也是。