模具专业外文文献最新

1、济南大学泉城学院毕业设计外文资料翻译题 目 现代快速经济制造模具技术 专 业 机械制造及其自动化 班 级 专升本1302班 学 生 刘计良 学 号 2013040156 指导教师 刘彦 二一 五 年 三月 十六 日Int J Adv Manuf Technol ,(2011) 53:110DOI 10.1007/s00170-010-2796-yModular design applied to beverage-container injection moldsMing-Shyan Huang & Ming-Kai HsuReceived: 16 March 2010 / Accep

2、ted: 15 June 2010 / Published online: 25 June 2010# Springer-Verlag London Limited 2010Modular design applied to beverage-container injection moldsThe Abstract: This work applies modular design concepts to designating beverage-container injection molds. This study aims to develop a method of control

3、ling costs and time in relation to mold development, and also to improve product design. This investigation comprises two parts: functional-ity coding, and establishing a standard operation procedure, specifically designed for beverage-container injection mold design and manufacturing. First, the in

4、jection mold is divided into several modules, each with a specific function. Each module is further divided into several structural units possessing sub-function or sub-sub-function. Next, dimen-sions and specifications of each unit are standardized and a compatible interface is constructed linking

5、relevant units. This work employs a cup-shaped beverage container to experimentally assess the performance of the modular design approach. The experimental results indicate that the modular design approach to manufacturing injection molds shortens development time by 36% and reduces costs by 19 23%

6、compared with the conventional ap-proach. Meanwhile, the information on modularity helps designers in diverse products design. Additionally, the functionality code helps effectively manage and maintain products and molds.Keywords :Beverage container、 Injection mold、 Modular design、Product family1.In

7、troductionRecently, growing market competition and increasingly diverse customer demand has forced competitors to increase the speed at which they deliver new products to the market. However, developing a mold for mass produc-tion requires considering numerous factors, including product geometry, di

8、mensions, and accuracy, leading to long product development time. Introducing modular design concepts into product design appears a key mean of facilitating product development, since it increases design flexibility and shortens delivery time 14. Mean-while, a high level of product modularity enhanc

9、es product innovativeness, flexibility, and customer services 5.Modularity is to subdivide a complex product into modules that can be independently created and then are easily used interchangeably 6, 7. There are three general fields where modularity could be implemented including modularity in desi

10、gn (MID), modularity in use (MIU), and modularity in production (MIP) 8. MID involves stan-dardizing basic structural units which perform specific functions, thus facilitating flexible assembly of various products 9, 10. MID can reveal product structure, namely the relationship among different produ

11、cts. Related products are termed product family and include both basic and specific functions. Developing product families offers benefits in terms of multi-purpose design and thus reduces production costs 11, 12. MIU is consumer-driven decom-position of a product with a view to satisfying the ease

12、of use and individually. MIP enables the factory floor to pre-combine a large number of components into modules and these modules to be assembled off-line and then brought onto the main assembly line to be incorporated into a small and simple series of tasks.MID has been broadly applied to numerous

13、areas and has exerted significant effects in terms of cost reduction and design diversity 13, 14. However, there is limited empirical research that has applied modular design to molds 1518. This study thus aims to reduce mold development time by applying modular design and develop a standard operati

14、on procedure for designing beverage-container injection molds, which are characterized by scores or even hundreds of components.2.General procedures of designing injection moldsBasically, an injection mold set consists of two primary components, the female mold and the male mold. The molten plastic

15、enters the cavity through a sprue in the female mold. The sprue directs the molten plastic flowing through runners and entering gates and into the cavity geometry to form the desired part. Sides of the part that appear parallel with the direction of the mold opening are typically angled slightly to

16、ease rejection of the part from the mold. The draft angle required for mold release is primarily dependent on the depth of the cavity and the shrinkage rate of plastic materials. The mold is usually designed so that the molded part reliably remains on the male mold when it opens. Ejector pins or eje

17、ctor plate is placed in either half of the mold, which pushes the finished molded product or runner system out of a mold. The standard method of cooling is passing a coolant through a series of holes drilled through the mold plates andconnected by hoses to form a continuous pathway. The coolant abso

18、rbs heat from the mold and keeps the mold at a proper temperature to solidify the plastic at the most efficient rate. To ease maintenance and venting, cavities and cores are divided into pieces, called inserts. By substituting interchangeable inserts, one mold may make several variations of the same

19、 part.General mold design process contains two parts 19: part design and mold design. The part design process contains five major procedures: defining main pulling direction, defining core and cavity, calculating shrinkage rate, defining draft angle, and then defining parting line. The mold design p

20、rocess mainly includes choosing a mold base, positioning the molded part, designing core and cavity, designing components, designing coolant channels, creating returning pin, adding ejector pin, creating gate and runner, adding locating ring and sprue bushing in sequence.3. Applying modular design f

21、or beverage containersThis study applies modular design to beverage-container injection molds via a five stage process, as follows: (1) product classification and machine specifications, (2) division of injection molds into modules based on func-tionality, (3) division of individual modules into mul

22、tiple units with sub-functions, and the relationship between design and assembly for each unit, (4) standardization of structural units, and (5) coding of standard structural units. These individual processes are detailed below. Clamping plateClamping moduleFemale mold baseMale mold baseManifoldHot-

23、runner moduleHot-tip bushingHot tip A beverage-containerFemale mold inserthot-runner injection moldCup base female mold insertMolding moduleMale cooling baseMale mold insertAir ejectorLeader pinGuiding moduleLeader pin bushing CostDuration of modular molddevelopment processCostDuration of convention

24、al molddowndevelopment processHighly efficient processdeliveryMaterialsmachiningCNCMillingTurningtreatmentHeatproduct-SemiEDMcuttingWirePolishingTextureProductTimeConventional mold development processReduction of working hoursModular mold developmentprocessFig. 2 Comparison of conventional and modul

25、ar mold development processes3.1 Product classification and machine specificationsThis step classifies all of the beverage containers based on their geometry and dimensions, and selects the machine with the most suitable specifications for production. There are five major qualifications for an injec

26、tion molding machine, including sufficient mold clamping force, suffi-cient theoretical shot volume, sufficient distance between tie bars, sufficient range of mold thickness, and sufficient mold clamping stroke.3.2 Division of injection molds into modules based on functionalityThis step divides a mo

27、ld set into several modules with individual functions. The principles of division include general rule, division rule, applicability rule, and inter-change rule. In general rule, modules must contain all the functions of beverage-container injection molds. In division rule, each functional module mu

28、st contain at least one fundamental function and each unit must fulfill its own specific functions. As to applicability rule, units fulfilling a single function are preferred. For interchange rule, funda-mental units should be interchangeable among modules after dividing molds into product families.

29、3.3 Division of a module into multiple unitswith sub-function and the relationship between design and assembly for each unit Figure 1 illustrates the structure of a beverage-container mold that includes several functional modules. The func-tions of individual modules are further extended to the stru

30、ctural unit via sub-functions or sub-sub-functions. The divided modules include clamping module, hot-runner module, molding module, ejecting module, and guiding module. The clamping module functions for precisely positioning individual units and modules on an injection molding machine. The hot-runne

31、r module is to maintain the flowability of molten plastics via heating. The molding module controls the geometry and dimensional accuracy of injection-molded parts. The ejecting module ejects injection-molded parts from the mold cavity. The guiding module works for accurately positioning the female

32、and male molds during mold closing. Geometrical design of structural elementsStandard structural elements are prepared into semi-finished products that fulfill the geometrical outlines of finished products, thus significantly shortening manufacturing mold delivery time. Figure 2 illustrates the comp

33、arison between the modularity design mold development process and the conventional process. Standard structural elements are fast to produce since they are pre-manufactured into general shapes and require minimal manufacturing to yield a finished product.Figure 3 shows the geometrical design of the

34、beverage containers examined in this study. The mold insert that best correspondents with the product shape has a simple geometrical shape. For example, the cylinder and the cuboid represent cup-type and basin-type containers, respectively. The remaining components are modularized to facilitate thei

35、r effective integration into a complete set of injection molds in a manner similar to stacking playing blocks.Int J Adv Manuf Technol ,(2011) 53:110DOI 10.1007/s00170-010-2796-yModular design applied to beverage-container injection moldsMing-Shyan Huang & Ming-Kai HsuReceived: 16 March 2010 / Ac

36、cepted: 15 June 2010 / Published online: 25 June 2010# Springer-Verlag London Limited 2010Modular design applied to beverage-container injection molds摘要：这项工作采用模块化的设计理念，以设计饮料容器注塑模具为例。这项研究的目的是以模具开发为例，控制有关的生产成本和时间，并且还提高产品设计的方法。本次调查由两部分组成：功能性调查，并建立标准作业的程序，并为饮料容器注塑模具的设计和制造做好准备。首先，注模被分成多个模块，每个部分都具有特定的功能。每

37、个模块被进一步分成几个结构单元具有子功能或子子功能。接下来，操作每个单元的接口连接构造有关部件。这项工作中使用的杯形的饮料容器，以实验评估的模块化设计方法的作为依据。实验结果表明，该模块化设计方法来制造注塑模具缩短开发时间的36，并减少了与传统的AP-proach相比19 23的成本。同时，模块化的信息可以帮助设计人员在不同的产品设计。此外，该功能代码可以帮助有效地管理和维护产品和模具。关键词：空白饮料容器、注塑模具、模块化设计。1.引言最近，越来越多的市场竞争和日益多样化的客户需求已经迫使竞争对手在竞争中处于劣势，以增加在他们提供新的产品推向市场的速度。然而，全国大规模的开发生产模具需要考虑

38、许多因素，包括产品的几何形状，尺寸和精度，从而导致比较长的产品开发时间。引入模块化的设计理念融入产品设计中出现有利于产品发展的关键因素，因为它增加了设计的灵活性，缩短交货时间1-4。产品模块化高水平提高也增加了产品创新性，柔韧性，和客户服务5。模块化是将一个复杂的产品可以细分很多部分并分别独立地创建，然后模块易于互换使用6,7。一般有三种，其中模块化可以实现包括模块化设计（MID），模块化使用（MIU），和模块的生产（MIP）8。 MID它执行特定功能的基本结构单元，从而有利于各种产品的组合装配9,10。 MID可揭示产品的结构，即不同的产品之间的关系。相关产品被称为产品系列，其中包括基本编号

39、和具体功能。开发的产品系列提供福利的多用途设计方面，从而降低生产成本11，12。 MIU是一个产品，以满足使用的方便性和单独地消费驱动DECOM位上。 MIP使工厂车间预先结合了大量的部件成模块和这些模块进行组装离线再运到主组装线被纳入一个小而简单的一系列组装任务。MID已被广泛应用于许多领域，并在降低成本和设计上体现出的多样性13，14方面显著影响。但是，仅限于已应用于模块化设计，模具15-18实证研究。因此本研究的目的是通过施加的模块化设计，以减少模具的开发时间和开发用于设计饮料容器注塑模具，其特征是几十甚至几百个组件的标准操作步骤。2.设计注塑模具的一般程序基本上，注射模具组由两个主要部分组成，在定模和动模。熔化的塑料通过在动模浇口进入型腔。浇道引导熔融塑料流过流道和进入浇口，并进入型腔的几何形状以形成所需的部分。出现与模具开口的方向平行的部分的两侧，通常成角度稍稍缓解拒绝将部件从模具。所需的脱模角度主