大学英语精读四unit6 How to Mark a Book电子教案

1、1. A Survey2. Listening Comprehension 3. Background InformationBefore ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingJohn Deway4. Warm-up QuestionsMortimer J. AdlerRembrandtRobert Maynard HutchinsMr. Vallee“Paradise Lost”“Gone with the Wind”Do teenagers read?Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed R

2、eadingAfter ReadingA Survey Here is a survey about “Young Peoples Attitudes towards Reading”. Below are the results from the survey conducted by Mori of Nestle Family Monitor. The results are based on questionnaires completed by over 900 teenagers at 33 state and independent schools and 6 colleges b

3、etween March and May in 2003.Directions:Examples:Eighty-three percent read in spare time. Eleven percent never read outside of school hours (these students were more likely to come from a home where neither parent nor guardian worked). Sixteen percent boys never read in their spare time compared to

4、only seven percent girls. Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingWhat makes young people want to read?Forty-three percent will read something as a result of a peer recommendation. Ten percent will read something if it is recommended by a teacher. Fifteen percent are keen to read a

5、book about a film they enjoy. Twenty-three percent say they will read a book about a famous person they are interested in or as a hobby (this figure is higher for boys). Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingOther results:Age from 13 to 14 is a key period where an interest in read

6、ing dwindles. Seventy percent say they will prefer to watch TV or a DVD than read a book. On the whole, girls are more enthusiastic about reading than boys. Boys are “significantly more likely than girls to say that they are encouraged to read if the book is about a place, subject or hobby in which

7、they are interested”.Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingTry to do such kind of survey in different classes. Use the statistics you get to analyze their attitudes towards reading. Then report your results orally to the whole class.Directions:Your preferred places for recreationa

8、l reading (multi-choices)Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingSources of books you read in the last 12 monthsBefore ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingWhat type of books do you consume?Adler was anHe got his Ph.D. fromHe taught in University of Chicago from He orga

9、nized an adult discussion group program in He edited Great Books of the Western World in He became director of planning for the 15th edition of Encyclopaedia Britannica inBefore ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading1.2.3.4.5.6.Mortimer J. Adler Listen to the passage and finish the exerc

10、ise.Directions:educator and writer_.Columbia University_.1930 until 1952_.1946_.1952_.1969_.Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingM. J. Adler (19022001) is an American educator and writer. Born in New York City and graduated from Columbia University (Ph. D., 1928), he taught philo

11、sophy and philosophy of law at the University of Chicago from 1930 until 1952, when he founded and became director of the Institute for Philosophical Research in San Francisco. With Robert Hutchins, Adler organized in 1946 an adult discussion group program centered on the “Great Books” of the past a

12、nd edited Great Books of the Western World (54 volumes, 1952). Adler also edited the two-volume index and guide to the ideas in Great Books. In 1969 he became director of planning for the 15th edition of Encyclopaedia Britannica which was published in 1974. Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn was born in

13、to an that was conducive to . After years of war and upheaval （动（动乱乱) ), life in the United Provinces of the Netherlands was renowned for its tranquility ( (宁静宁静) ). Rembrandts father was a miller and his mother was the daughter of a baker. The van Rijns were Calvinists. In the year of the artists b

14、irth, Leiden, his hometown, was known as one of intellectual and artistic centers in the country.Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingListen to the passage and fill in the words that you hear.Directions:atmosphere_creativity_prosperous_principal_RembrandtBefore ReadingGlobal Read

15、ingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingBefore ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingAchievement: His educational psychology and philosophy had a great influence on educational development.John Deway (18591952), American philosopher and educatorBefore ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter R

16、eadingAchievements: Famous for his unconventional theories about higher education President of the University of Chicago in 1929 at the age of 30 Remained president until 1945 Chairman of the board for the 15th edition of Encyclopaedia Britannica published in 1974Robert Maynard Hutchins (18991977),

17、American educator.Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingMr. Vallee (19011986), American singer of popular music who enjoyed fame in the 1920sBefore ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading“Paradise Lost”: an epic poem by John Milton (16081674), first printed in 1667.Befo

18、re ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading“Gone with the Wind” A romantic novel of Georgia during the American Civil War and Reconstruction Written by the American author Margaret Mitchell (19001949) Published in 1936 Awarded a Pulitzer PrizeBefore ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAft

19、er ReadingWarm-up Questions 1) What kind of books do you like?2) How do you read a book? 3) Do you have any suggestions on how to become an efficient reader? Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading1. Part Division of the Text2. Scanning3. True or FalseFor Part 1For Part 2For Part 4

20、Question and Answer Question and Answer Multiple ChoiceChart Completion4. Further UnderstandingFor Part 3Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingPart Division of the TextMain IdeasLinesParts 114253433585486112Readers are persuaded to “write between the lines.”Two ways of owing a boo

21、k, and three kinds of book ownersDetailed reasons for marking up a bookThe writers way to mark a book Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Readingan epic poem by John MiltonAmerican philosopher, educator, and authorAmerican singer and orchestra leader Scanning What they stand forLocatio

22、nProper NamesParadise LostL. 29RembrandtL. 30Gone with the WindL. 50a great Dutch painter and graphic artista romantic novel of Georgia during the Civil War and Reconstruction, written by the American author Margaret MitchellJohn DeweyL. 56Mr. ValleeL. 57Scan this part and try to find out the follow

23、ing proper names and think about what these words might stand for.Directions:Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingTTrue or False You cant read most efficiently if you dont “write between the lines”.( )As soon as you have bought a book, the book belongs to you. According to the au

24、thor, books should not be kept as clean and shiny as the day they were bought.1.2.3.F( )This act of purchase is only the prelude to possession. Full ownership comes only when you have made it a part of yourself, and the best way to make yourself a part of it is by writing in it.T( )Before ReadingGlo

25、bal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingAccording to the author, you can mark up any books that belong to you. 4.F( )You had better not mark up a beautifully printed book or an elegantly bound edition.TMarking up a book while reading can keep you from dozing off.( )5.Books should be read in a state

26、of relaxation. 6.F( )The books you read for pleasure can be read in a state of relaxation, and nothing is lost. But a book, rich in ideas and beauty, a book that raises and tries to answer great fundamental questions, demands the most active reading of which you are capable.Before ReadingGlobal Read

27、ingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingYour reading is active when you have filled the pages of the book with your notes.7.TReading a book is somewhat like having a conversation with the author. ( )8.Learning means absorbing whatever you are exposed to on the subject. 9.F( )Learning doesnt consist in being

28、 an empty receptacle. The learner has to question himself and question the teacher.T( )By “marking a book”, the author only means writing in the margin of the pages.9.F( )There are all kinds of devices for marking a book intelligently and fruitfully.Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter

29、ReadingQuestion and Answer What makes the most efficient reading?Read “between the lines” and write “between the lines” make the most efficient reading.1. According to the author, the real book owners are those who _. A) have paid for them B) have gained their property right C) have their minds enri

30、ched D) have dipped into most of themBefore ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingMultiple ChoiceChoose the best answer for each of the following. Directions:KEY Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading2. The purpose of the authors comparing the beefsteak in the butchers

31、 to that in your ice box is that _. A) you have paid for them so that you can take them back B) you can cook them anyway you like since they are yours C) you dont get anything valuable unless you have made them part of yourself D) you are the real owner of beefsteak since you have paid for themKEY 3

32、. The author uses the example of beefsteak to remind us that _. A) books are as important as beefsteak to our body B) books must be absorbed as beefsteak is in our body and to do us good C) books should be kept in a good place just as beefsteak in an ice box D) we can write in the books since we hav

33、e paid for themKEY Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading4. Which of the following is NOT true? A) The author would have to mark up a painting or a statue. B) The author wouldnt let his baby make drawings on an original painting by a great artist. C) The author wouldnt scribble al

34、l over a rare or an elegantly bound edition. D) The author would take pains to keep intact the physical appearance of famous books.KEY 5. What is the best title for this part? A) Ownership of a book and book owners B) Dont write in rare and elegant edition C) Show respects to the author by buying a

35、cheap edition D) Read through all the books you have boughtKEY Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingQuestion and Answer Why is marking up a book indispensable to reading?First, it keeps you awake. Second, it helps to express your thinking. Third, it helps you remember the thought

36、s you had, or the thoughts the author expressed. Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingChart CompletionFill in the necessary information based on Part 4.Directions:Active Reading Read “between the lines”Write “between the lines”How? Underlining Vertical lines at the margin Star, a

37、sterisk, or other doo-dad at the margin Numbers in the marginNumbers of other pages in the marginCircling of key words or phrasesWriting in the margin 1.2.3.4.5.6.7. Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading“Dont ever mark in a book!” Thousands of teachers, librarians and parents hav

38、e so advised. But Mortimer Adler disagrees. He thinks so long as you own the book and neednt preserve its physical appearance, marking it properly will grant you the ownership of the book in the true sense of the word and make it a part of yourself.Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter R

39、eadingYou know you have to read “between the lines” to get the most out of anything. I want to persuade you to do something equally important in the course of your reading. I want to persuade you to “write between the lines.” Unless you do, you are not likely to do the most efficient kind of reading

40、. How to Mark a Book Mortimer J. Adler You shouldnt mark up a book which isnt yours. Librarians (or your friends) who lend you books expect you to keep them clean, and you should. If you decide that I am right about the usefulness of marking books, you will have to buy them.Before ReadingGlobal Read

41、ingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingThere are two ways in which one can own a book. The first is the property right you establish by paying for it, just as you pay for clothes and furniture. But this act of purchase is only the prelude to possession. Full ownership comes only when you have made it a par

42、t of yourself, and the best way to make yourself a part of it is by writing in it. An illustration may make the point clear. You buy a beefsteak and transfer it from the butchers icebox to your own. But you do not own the beefsteak in the most important sense until you consume it and get it into you

43、r bloodstream. I am arguing that books, too, must be absorbed in your bloodstream to do you any good.There are three kinds of book owners. The first has all the standard sets and best-sellers unread, untouched. (This individual owns wood pulp and ink, not books.) The second has a great many books a

44、few of them read through, most of them dipped into, but all of them as clean and shiny as the day they were bought. (This person would probably like to make books his own, but is restrained by a false respect for their physical appearance.) The third has a few books or many every one of them dog-ear

45、ed and dilapidated, shaken and loosened by continual use, marked and scribbled in from front to back. (This man owns books.)Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingIs it false respect, you may ask, to preserve intact a beautifully printed book, an elegantly bound edition? Of course

46、not. Id no more scribble all over a first edition of “Paradise Lost” than Id give my baby a set of crayons and an original Rembrandt! I wouldnt mark up a painting or a statue. Its soul, so to speak, is inseparable from its body. And the beauty of a rare edition or of a richly manufactured volume is

47、like that of a painting or a statue. If your respect for magnificent binding or printing gets in the way, buy yourself a cheap edition and pay your respects to the author.Why is marking up a book indispensable to reading? First, it keeps you awake. (And I dont mean merely conscious; I mean wide awak

48、e.) In the second place, reading, if it is active, is thinking, and thinking tends to express itself in words, spoken or written. The marked book is usually the thought-through book. Finally, writing helps you remember the thoughts you had, or the thoughts the author expressed. Let me develop these

49、three points. Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingIf reading is to accomplish anything more than passing time, it must be active. You cant let your eyes glide across the lines of a book and come up with an understanding of what you have read. Now an ordinary piece of light ficti

50、on, like, say, “Gone with the Wind”, doesnt require the most active kind of reading. The books you read for pleasure can be read in a state of relaxation, and nothing is lost. But a great book, rich in ideas and beauty, a book that raises and tries to answer great fundamental questions, demands the

51、most active reading of which you are capable. You dont absorb the ideas of John Dewey the way you absorb the crooning of Mr. Vallee. You have to reach for them. That you cannot do while youre asleep.Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingIf, when youve finished reading a book, the

52、pages are filled with your notes, you know that you read actively. The most famous active reader of great books I know is President Hutchins, of the University of Chicago. He also has the hardest schedule of business activities of any man I know. He invariably reads with a pencil, and sometimes, whe

53、n he picks up a book and pencil in the evening, he finds himself, instead of making intelligent notes, drawing what he calls “caviar factories” on the margins. When that happens, he puts the book down. He knows hes too tired to read, and hes just wasting time.Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed Rea

54、dingAfter ReadingBut, you may ask, why is writing necessary? Well, the physical act of writing, with your own hand, brings words and sentences more sharply before your mind and preserves them better in your memory. To set down your reaction to important words and sentences you have read, and the que

55、stions they have raised in your mind, is to preserve those reactions and sharpen those questions. You can pick up the book the following week or year, and there are all your points of agreement, disagreement, doubt and inquiry. Its like resuming an interrupted conversation with the advantage of bein

56、g able to pick up where you left off.Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingAnd that is exactly what reading a book should be: a conversation between you and the author. Presumably he knows more about the subject than you do; naturally youll have the proper humility as you approach

57、 him. But dont let anybody tell you that a reader is supposed to be solely on the receiving end. Understanding is a two-way operation; learning doesnt consist in being an empty receptacle. The learner has to question himself and question the teacher. He even has to argue with the teacher, once he un

58、derstands what the teacher is saying. And marking a book is literally an expression of your differences, or agreements of opinion, with the author. Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingThere are all kinds of devices for marking a book intelligently and fruitfully. Heres the way I

59、 do it:1. Underlining: of major points, of important or forceful statements.2. Vertical lines at the margin: to emphasize a statement already underlined.3. Star, asterisk, or other doo-dad at the margin: to be used sparingly, to emphasize the ten or twenty most important statements in the book.4. Nu

60、mbers in the margin: to indicate the sequence of points the author makes in developing a single argument.5. Numbers of other pages in the margin: to indicate where else in the book the author made points relevant to the point marked; to tie up the ideas in a book, which, though they may be separated