上海市徐汇区高考英语一模试题

1、2 0 1 4 学 年 第学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三英语 试卷2015.1I 、听力(略)II. Grammar and Vocabulary SectionA Directions ： After reading the passages below ， fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; f

2、or the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Residents of southern California are trying to get used to skyrocketing prices for gasoline. The average price for 87 octane economy gas is $2.22, almost 30 percent higher today than it was 12 months ago. The(25) (low) gas price in the S

3、outhland right now is $2.09 a gallon at the Seashell station in Arcadia. The station manager, Everett, said the reason his gas is cheaper than elsewhere is (26)he bought a lot of gas two yearsago at(27)(reduce) prices, so he is passing his savings on to his customers.The lines at the Seashell statio

4、n often run 10 to 20 vehicles long. The police have been here several times(28)cars block traffic on Horsetrail Drive. Everett said,“ I tell people in line that the Barco station ablock away is only $2.14, (29)they ' d rather wait and save 5 cents. It' s OK with me, of course. I don(30) (mak

5、e) money. ”A young man pumping gas was said(31)(wait) in line for 20 minutes. When asked why he didn' tgo a block away where there were no lines, he said,“ Every penny counts. When I bought this' 99 Bummer, gawas only $1 a gallon, which was pretty cheap. So, (32)I only get eight miles per ga

6、llon, I wasn' t payingthat much to fill my tank. But today ' s prices are killing om weo. rI kd, raivned tI drive to the grocery store.That ' s it. I used to drive around the neighborhood just to show off my wheels, but I(33) never do that any more. ”(B)People joke that no one in Los Ang

7、eles reads; everyone watches TV, rents videos, or goes to the movies. The most popular reading material is comic books, movie magazines, and TV guides. City libraries have only 10 percent of the traffic (34)car washes have. But how do you ex-plain this? An annual book festival in westLos Angeles is&

8、quot; sold out year after year. People wait half an hour for a parking space to become available.This outdoor festival, sponsored by(35)newspaper, occurs every April for one weekend. This year'sattendance(36)(estimate)at 70,000 on Saturday and 75,000 on Sunday. (34)The festival featured 280exhib

9、itors. There were about 90 talks given by authors, with an audience question-and-answer period(37) (follow) each talk. Autograph seekers(38) (seek)out more than 150 authors. A food courtsold all kinds of popular and ethnic foods, from American hamburgers to Hawaiian shave ice drinks. (39) a $ 7 park

10、ing fee, the festival was free. Even so, some people avoided the food court prices by sneaking in their own sandwiches and drinks.People came from all over California. One couple drove down from San Francisco.“ This is their sixth yehere now. We love it.” said the husband.“ It is just fantastic to b

11、e in the great outdoors, to be among so manybooks and authors, and to get some very good deals, too.The idea for the festival occurred years ago, but nobody knewit would succeed. Although bookfestivals were already popular in other US cities, would Los Angeles residents embrace one? (35)One of the f

12、estival founders said that it all depends as angelinos are very unpredictable. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Echa word can be only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A .observers B .customs C. isolated D. occasionally E.

13、 rejected F. intentionallyG. preferring H. although I. distinctive J .hooks K. otherPrimarily a farming community, the Amish was attracted to the fertile farmlands in the eastern United States. The largest concentration of Amish today is in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, and (41)important groups ar

14、e in Ohio, Indiana, and Ontario, Canada.The Amish are best known for their simple way of life. They are easily recognized by their (42) Clothing. The men wear wide-brimmed black hats, collarless black coats, and black trousers. These homemade clothes are fastened with (43)and eyes instead of with bu

15、ttons or zippers. Those who are strict (44)of Amish customs do not wear neckties or belts. In fact, anything which is considered to be a part of modern, worldly life is (45).the men have beards but ni mustaches. Their long hair is parted in the middle anddrawn back over their ears.The women ' s

16、clothing is black, (46)they wear white prayer caps. They wear hats and long,high-necked dresses, long black coats, and black shoes and stockings. They wear their hair parted in the middle and tied behind in a bun. An Amish woman wears no jewelry of any kind.The Amish have (47)separated themselves fr

17、om the modern technological world. They prefer to liveaccording to the (48)of their 17 th century European ancestors. Often called the Plain People, the Amishlive in simple homes without mirrors, pictures, curtains and carpets. Somehow they manage to get along without radios, telephones, and electri

18、c lights. They do not own cars, (49)to travel by horse. The Amish areexcellent farmers, yet they refused to buy tractors or other modern farm machinery. They work the land with horse-drawn plows.Because the Amish are largely self-sufficient and fairly (50)from other communities, they haveresisted so

19、cial change.III Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: for each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked a,b,c and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The next great land area that man hopes to control is the moon. In size it is

20、nearly (51)to the area ofNorth and South America. However, it presents a hostile ( 不友好的 ) environment. Temperatures (52) +120 to -150 degrees Centigrade ( 摄氏 ). There is no air, and no water.Today there are (53)scientific speculation ( 思索 ) about living on the moon. When man will begin lifeon the mo

21、on surface is still not (54). But experts believe that settlement will take place in three steps.First, there will be increasing periods of exploration with temporary(55). These periods will befollowed by longer stays with housing under the surface of the moon and systems necessary to(56)lifebrought

22、 by the colonizers themselves. Finally, colonies that are ecologically and (57)self-supportingwill be established.The principal job of the early settlers will be to stay (58). They will have to bulid shelters to (59)an atmosphere like that of earth. They will have to plant crops under huge domes to

23、produce food and (60) and find water sources. After this is done, the settlers will have time to explore the possibilities of commercial development and to make discoveries important to science.The characteristics of the moon that make it bad for human staying alive may make it (61)for certain kinds

24、 of manufacturing. Operations that require a vacuum or extreme cold, are an(62).Precision ball bearing, industrial diamonds, or certain medicines might be produced on the moon.The most immediate interest in the moon, however, is a scientific one, Geologists can explore the history and composition of

25、 the(63). Meteorologists will have opportunities to forecast weather on earth.Cosmologists can study the origin of the solar system, Astronomers( 天文学家 ) can use their optical telescopes and radio telescopes(64)of atmospheric and man-made distortions. And perhaps at some distant date thes solarmoon c

26、an serve as a base from which space explorers can travel to other planets in the earth to worlds(65) .51. A superiorB.essentialC.equalD.fertile52. A rangeB.restoreC.sortD.rise53. A sociableB. inevitableC.mysteriousD.considerable54.A determinedB.occupiedC.initiatedD. resembled55.A monumentsB.shelters

27、C.rocketsD.houses56.A sacrificeB.supportC.spareD.risk57.A economicallyB.sociablyC.imaginarilyD.enthusiasticallyB.attractiveC.aliveD.ambitiousB.motivateC.maintainD.monitorB.oxygenC. proteinD.medicineB.complicatedC .difficultD.expensiveB.excursionC. executiveD.exampleB.starC.satelliteD.planetB.conscio

28、usC.lackD.freeB.highlyC .elseD.aheadSection BDirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several quesitons or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage yo

29、u have just read.(A)Culturally speaking, America might be called a European colony. No other country whose origins lie in Europe has had so sharp an awareness of its distinction and superiority to the parent cultures. Running through American history, and therefore through American literature, is a

30、double consciousness of Old World modes and New World possibilities. As American , the writer has distributed Europe; as writer, he has envied the riches available to his European Counterpart.In the nineteenth century some immigrants came in order to avoid military service in their homeland. But eve

31、n so, the snowballing process had for most Americans a deep, almost legendary significance.In the legends, Europe was associated with the Past, with British red-coats at Concord, absentee landlords( 不在的地主 )， dynastic pride, hunger, poverty, oppression. America, by contrast, was the future: plenty, p

32、rosperity, freedom. For much of its history America has been a busy, restless land, more interested in innovation than in conservation( 保守 ). Its people have been highly optimistic, setting great store by the ability of the individual to overcome obstacles. The individual has had a right to expect s

33、uccess. Optimism and pessimism mix unusuallyin American writing;Mark Twain is an obvious example. Or, the individual tends to set himself up in a dramatic relationship to society.Yet although American literature has revealed certain fairly permanent trends, it has not been a still affair.Its tone ha

34、s changed from decade to decade.66. What does the underlined phrase“ the parent cultures” refer to?A. Culture of parentsB. Culture of EuropeC. Culture of Britain D. Culture of America67. What is the American writer' s attitude towards Europe?A. He hates Europe for its conversation, poverty and p

35、ermission.B. He has no trust in Europe and is also jealous of its riches.C. He envies that all the Europeans are much richer.D. He believes that America is looked down upon.68. What is the main characteristic of the American writing?A. The description of a dramatic relation between the individual an

36、d society.B. The optimistic description of the Americans overcoming obstacles.C. The strange combination of optimism and pessimism.D. The ever changing of its characteristic from decade to decade.69. The main idea of this passage is about .A. a double consciousness in American literature.B. the Euro

37、pean culture contr'ibustion to America literature.C. optimism and pessimism in America writingD. Americans can always overcome obstacles.（B）As rules, laws are people' s rights and responsibilities toward society. Laws are agreed on by society andmade official by governments.Some persons look

38、 on laws with fear, hatred, or annoyance. Laws seem to limit people' s freedom tomany things they would like to do. Though laws may prvent us from doing things we wish to do at the moment, laws make everyone' s life safer and more pleasant. Without laws we could not hold on to our property;

39、we couldnot go to bed at night expecting to wake up in the morning and find that we had not been robbed; no stores in which we buy food, clothes, and other necessities could stay open and sell to us. Our banks would not be safe places to keep our money.Social life would be impossible without laws to

40、 control the way people treat one another. It is not the laws that should be feared but the trouble that comes to everyone when laws are broken. Once this is understood, a citizen will not fear or hate the law. Understanding the need for good laws and the evil results of breaking laws is the first r

41、equirement of good citizenship and government.Philosophers once believed that in prehistoric time people lived without laws in a“ state of naturewere free to do as they pleased unless someone stronger stopped them by force. As a result, life became so dangerous and unsafe that leaders had to create

42、laws to protect life and property.This is no longer believed to be true. Scholars now think that as soon as people began living in small groups, they worked out rules for getting along with one other. In time everyone accepted and supported the rules. Manners, customs and beliefs controlled the livi

43、ng habits and behavior of the group. Such rules and habits of life are called folkways.Folkways are probably the real meaning of human laws, as well as of religion, morals, and education. As life became more complex, folkways became more complete guides to living. After thousands of years, some ofth

44、e important folkways were put into writing as the earlier laws. And as life grew more and more complicated with faster transportation and the rise of modern industry and big cities, more human acts and interests had to be ruled by law. This led to a great increase in the number of laws.But we know t

45、hat unless laws are enforced, they cannot protect us. Poorly enforced laws invite crime and violence. So we agree that the best protection against crime is planned social change and law reform - to reduce the causes of crime and to encourage people to obey the laws. Such a solution would join a soun

46、d system of law enforcement with forces working to prevent crime. To attain this goal, all citizens must understand the need for good laws and for their enforcement.70. Some persons look on laws with fear, hatred, or annoyance, because.A. laws and rules are too complicated to understandB. they can &

47、#39; t do whatever they want toC. laws only protect those who worked out themD. they feel it unnecessary to have laws71. Which of the following statement is NOT TRUE?A. Without laws we may fail to hold on to our propertyB. Good citizens and government should be aware of the need for good laws and th

48、e evilresults of breaking lawsC. In prehistoric time people lived happily without laws in a“ state of nature”.D. Human laws, as well as of religion, morals, and education, are believed to originate from Folkways.72. A sound system of law enforcement is necessary because.A. some citizens fear or hate

49、 the law.B. the evil results of breaking laws are getting fewer and fewer .C. we need someone stronger to stop crime by force.D. poorly enforced laws cause crime and violence.73. What is the main characteristic of the American writing?A. The description of a dramatic relation between the individual

50、and society.B. The optimistic description of the Americans overcoming obstacles.C. The strange combination of optimism and pessimism.D. The ever changing of its characteristic from decade to decade.74. What ' s the best title of this passage?A. The Origin of LawsB. Enforcement of LawsC. Leaders

51、and LawsD. Laws and rules.(C)The contention that the spirit of adventure no longer has any scope for its enterprises seems, at first glance, depressingly true. The highest mountains have been scaled; the deepest seas plumbed. Maps today no longer contain huge blanks marked“ Unknown Territory” , more

52、 do they make random guesses at the shapes of distantland-masses. All major journeys of exploration to determine the true shape and nature of he globe have been made in the past. It was left to us to fill in the details with expeditions which once would have been considered impossible. The gaps have

53、 been filled. What next?The obvious answer, of course, is that now looking upwards into space. Discoveries are being made at such a tremendous rate that even authors of science-fiction are finding it difficult to keep up with them and haveto tax their imagination to invent bigger and better space-cr

54、aft. Satellites sending signals as they swing round our globe have become commonplace. Astronauts have successfully landed on the moon and its entire surface has been photographed. The information that satellites may provide fueling stations for manned rockets into outer space in the hope of receivi

55、ng an answer, or that radio-tel escopes should“ listen into ” the skies for possiblesignals from other worlds, he would have been regarded as either irresponsible or mad. Now, anything seems feasible.From dream like these, we return to earth with a bump. Trips into space are all very well, but they

56、are not for us: we must content with our own, much-traveled world. The earth itself is the training-ground for adventurous spirits. For “ adventure ” need not mean the seeking out of something new. A person can be called adventurous when he finds out something for himself; and it does not matter how

57、 many times the discovery has been made before. No one would say that men who set out now to cross the forbidding Antarctic are less enterprising than their predecessors who tried to do the same thing. The little boy who climbs the small hill that overlooks his own, or even he who tries to climb and

58、 fails, has precisely the same spirit taht led Hillary to climb Everest. For the bold spirit and inquiring mind, there are inexhaustible possibilities. So long as there are people willing to rediscover places that are well-known, there will be those who will, one day, set foot on remote and trackless shores.74. What does the underlined word“ they ” in the first paragraph refer to?A. The highest mountains B. The deepest seas.C. Maps D. Land-masses.75. What can man do now since there was no“ Unknown Territory ”