英语翻译证考试试题

1、2006年5月人事部三级笔译真题第一部分 英译汉 大家网 1 / 21Freed by warming, waters once locked beneath ice are gnawing at coastal settlements around the Arctic Circle. In Bykovsky, a village of 457 on Russia's northeast coast, the shoreline is collapsing, creeping closer and closer to houses and tanks of heating oil,

2、at a rate of 15 to 18 feet a year."It is practically all ice - permafrost - and it is thawing." For the four million people who live north of the Arctic Circle, a changing climate presents new opportunities. But it also threatens their environment, their homes and, for those whose traditio

3、ns rely on the ice-bound wilderness, the preservation of their culture.A push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries its own rewards and dangers for people in the region. The discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara Seas has raised fears of catas

4、trophic accidents as ships loaded with oil and, soon, liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia, headed to markets in Europe and North America. Land that was untouched could be tainted by pollution as generators, smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to support the growing energy ind

5、ustry.are noticing changes in weather and wildlife. They are trying to adapt, but it can be confounding.In Finnmark, Norway's northernmost province, the Arctic landscape unfolds in late winter as an endless snowy plateau, silent but for the cries of the reindeer and the occasional whine of a sno

6、wmobile herding them.A changing Arctic is felt there, too. "The reindeer are becoming unhappy," said Issat Eira, a 31-year-old reindeer herder.Few countries rival Norway when it comes to protecting the environment and preserving indigenous customs. The state has lavished its oil wealth on

7、the region, and Sami culture has enjoyed something of a renaissance. And yet no amount of government support can convince Mr. Eira that his livelihood, intractably entwined with the reindeer, is not about to change. Like a Texas cattleman, he keeps the size of his herd secret. But he said warmer tem

8、peratures in fall and spring were melting the top layers of snow, which then refreeze as ice, making it harder for his reindeer to dig through to the lichen they eat."The people who are making the decisions, they are living in the south and they are living in towns," said Mr. Eira, sitting

9、 inside his home made of reindeer hides. "They don't mark the change of weather. It is only people who live in nature and get resources from nature who mark it."2 / 21 错误！未指定书签。 TopSA push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries itsown rewards and dan

10、gers for people in the region. The discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara Seas has raised fears of catastrophic accidents as ships loaded with oil and, soon, liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia, headed to markets in Europe and North America. Land that was un

11、touched could be tainted by pollution as generators, smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to support the growing energy industry.第二部分 汉译英维护世界和平，促进共同发展，谋求合作共赢，是各国人民的共同愿望，也是不可抗拒的当今时代潮流。中国高举和平、发展、合作的旗帜，坚持走和平发展道路，与世界各国一道，共同致力于建设一个持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。中国与世界从未像今天这样紧密相连。中国政府把中国人民的根本利益与各国人民的共同利益结合起来，坚持奉行防御性的国防政策

12、。中国的国防服从和服务于国家发展战略和安全战略，旨在维护国家安 段，中国把科学发展观作为国防和军队建设的重要指导方针，积极推进中国特色军事变革，努力实现国防和军队建设全面协调可持续发展。2006年11月人事部三级笔译真题第一部分 英译汉Faced with growing evidence that avian influenza is spreading in birds, the World Health Organization on Wednesday signed an agreement with the Swiss pharmaceutical company Roche Hol

13、ding to build up its stockpile of medicines in case of a pandemic in humans.Under the agreement, Roche will reserve three million treatments of its Tamiflu antiviral medicine for use by the UN agency in case of a worldwide human pandemic of avian flu."It's just enough to deal with an initia

14、l outbreak," said Jong-Wook Lee, director-general of the WHO. "But clearly this is not enough to deal with a full pandemic."The agency says only 57 people in Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand and Cambodia have died, mainly from contact with infected birds. The virus has killed millions of

15、chickens and led to preventive culling across Asia since late 2003.Sustained human-to-human infection has not yet been recorded.But the World Health Organization warns that bird flu, which first appeared in Hong Kong in 1997, could mutate genetically, making it easier for humans to catch and transmi

16、t the disease among themselves.Signs the disease has spread recently to birds in Siberia and Kazakhstan are adding to concerns, the WHO says.A panel of European Union experts will convene Thursday in Brussels to discuss measures to prevent the spread of bird deaths to European poultry.When asked whe

17、ther he thought a widespread outbreak in humans was imminent, Lee said: "We don't know Roche declined to give figures for its stockpiles of Tamiflu.A spokeswoman for the company, Martina Rupp, said it took from 12 to 18 months to deliver the drug after an order was placed- a relatively long

18、 time due to a complicated production process.第二部分 汉译英年来，中国坚定不移地推进改革开放，社会主义市场经济体制初步建立，开放型经济已经形成，社会生产力和综合国力不断增强，各项社会事业全面发展，人民生活总体上实现了由温饱到小康的历史性跨越。从1978年至年的年间，中国经济年均增长。年前，中国年国内生产总值为亿美元，去年已达到多亿美元。年前，中国年进出口贸易总额为亿美元，去年已达到亿美元。年前，中国外汇储备为亿美元，去年已达到亿美元。目前，中国经济总量居世界第六，进出口贸易总额居世界第四。中国之所以能够发生这样巨大的变化，最关键的原因是我们始终坚

19、持走中国特色社会主义道路，始终坚持改革开放，激发了全体人民的积极性、主动性、创造性。4 / 21 错误！未指定书签。 TopS中国虽然取得了很大的发展成就，但中国人口多，底子薄，生产力不发达，发展很不平衡，生态环境、自然资源与经济社会发展的矛盾比较突出。虽然中国人均国内生产总值已经突破美元，但仍排在世界一百位以后。中国要实现现代化，使全体人民都过上富裕生活，还需要进行长期不懈的艰苦奋斗。 我们已经明确了本世纪头年的奋斗目标，这就是全面建设惠及十几亿人口的更高水平的小康社会，到年实现国内生产总值比年翻两番，达到万亿美元，人均国内生产总值达到美元，使经济更加发展、民主更加健全、科教更加进步、文化更

20、加繁荣、社会更加和谐、人民生活更加殷实。2007年5月人事部三级笔译真题第一部分 英译汉It took nine years from the time the Danish and Swedish governments agreed to build a fixed link between their countries to the time the first car, train, truck and bicyclists crossed the Oresund Bridge.Construction of the bridge, including design and corn

21、erstone, began in March 1991 and was completed in July road and rail bridge in the world. At approximately 10 miles (16 tunnel, it is an But as time has proven, the minimalism has contributed greatly to the development of the Oresund region: the eastern part of Denmark, including Copenhagen, and the

22、 southwestern part of Sweden, including Malmö and Lund.The level of commuting between Malmö and Copenhagen has quadrupled since the opening of the bridge in 2000, and the number of Danes moving to the south of Sweden has increased sixfold. The Oresund region has become a cultural and econo

23、mic powerhouse, considered a model region by the European Union.Work on the bridge began in 1995, and was undertaken by a team of international consulting and construction companies.When it opened in July 2000, the Oresund Bridge consisted of a 3.5-kilometer immersed tunnel, the largest of its kind

24、in the world, a 4-kilometer long artificial island (made from mud dug out from the bottom of strait to make space for the tunnel) and a 7.8-kilometer cable-stayed bridge, the worlds longest bridge including both a highway and a railroad.Though just half of the total construction, the actual bridge s

25、pan, is visible above water, the overall architecture was designed to please the eye from both the Danish and Swedish sides of the strait.The four 204-meter (670 feet) tall pillars carrying the bridge have a simple Scandinavian design. To drivers and passengers crossing the bridge, the pillars provi

26、de a visual, as well as actual, impression of stability and calm. The two-level structure is made of steel and concrete. Along tile two approach bridges, tracks are piaced in concrete troughs that turn into steel decks on the bridge. The bridges upper deck carries cars and trucks, while the lower de

27、ck accommodates the railroad. The four pillars are grounded in giant cement boxes placed at the bottom of the strait, about 18 meters below sea level.Last 13,600 traffic Throughout the construction process, the Danish and Swedish environmental agencies have surveyed but found no changes in the wildl

28、ife, birds, fish and vegetation surrounding the bridge. In addition, the chemicals used in construction and the percentage of waste materials have been kept to a minimum, as required by both Danish and Swedish laws.In 2003, the Oresund Bridge won the IABSE (International Association for Bridge and S

29、tructural Engineering) Outstanding Structural Award for its innovative design, planning and construction management, as well as its strict compliance with the time schedule, budget and environmental requirements.第二部分 汉译英能源是人类社会赖以生存和发展的重要物质基础。纵观人类社会发展的历史，人类文明的每一次重大进步都伴随着能源的改进和更替。能源的开发利用极大地推进了世界经济和人类社

30、会的发展。过去100多年里，发达国家先后完成了工业化，消耗了地球上大量的自然资源，特别是能源资源。当前，一些发展中国家正在步入工业化阶段，能源消费增加是经济社会发展的客观必然。6 / 21 错误！未指定书签。 TopS中国是当今世界上最大的发展中国家，发展经济，摆脱贫困，是中国政府和中国人民在相当长一段时期内的主要任务。20世纪70年代末以来，中国作为世界上发展最快的发展中国家，经济社会发展取得了举世瞩目的辉煌成就，成功地开辟了中国特色社会主义道路，为世界的发展和繁荣作出了重大贡献。 中国是目前世界上第二位能源生产国和消费国。能源供应持续增长，为经济社会发展提供了重要的支撑。能源消费的快速增长

31、，为世界能源市场创造了广阔的发展空间。中国已经成为世界能源市场不可或缺的重要组成部分，对维护全球能源安全，正在发挥着越来越重要的积极作用。人事部三级笔译（CATTI）2007.11英译汉真题 One of the biggest decisions Andy Blevins has ever made, and one of the few he now regrets, never seemed like much of a decision at all. It just felt like the natural thing to do.In the summer of 1995, he

32、 was moving boxes of soup cans, paper towels and dog food across the floor of a supermarket warehouse, one of the biggest buildings here in southwest Virginia. The heat was brutal. The job had sounded impossible when he arrived fresh off his first year of college, looking to make some summer money,

33、still a skinny teenager with sandy blond hair and a narrow, freckled face.But hard work done well was something he understood, even if he was the first college boy in his family. Soon he was making bonuses on top of his $6.75 an hour, more money than either of his parents made. His girlfriend was ar

34、ound, and so were his hometown buddies. Andy acted more outgoing with them, more relaxed. People in Chilhowie noticed that.It was just about the perfect summer. So the thought crossed his mind: maybe it did not have to end. Maybe he would take a break from college and keep working. He had been getti

35、ng C's and D's, and college never felt like home, anyway."I enjoyed working hard, getting the job done, getting a paycheck," Mr. Blevins recalled. "I just knew I didn't want to quit."So he quit college instead, and with that, Andy Blevins joined one of the largest and

36、 fastest-growing groups of young adults in America. He became a college , though nongraduate may be the more precise term.Many people like him plan to return to get their degrees, even if few actually do. Almost one in three Americans in their mid-20's now fall into this group, up from one in fi

37、ve in the late 1960's, when the Census Bureau began keeping such data. Most come from poor and working-class families.That gap had grown over recent years. "We need to recognize that the most serious domestic problem in the United States today is the widening gap between the children of the

38、 rich and the children of the poor," Lawrence H. Summers, the president of Harvard, said last year when announcing that Harvard would give full scholarships to all its lowest-income students. "And education is the most weapon we have to address that problem."Andy Blevins says that he

39、too knows the importance of a degree. Ten years after trading college for the warehouse, Mr. Blevins, 29, spends his days at the same supermarket company. He has worked his way up to produce buyer, earning $35,000 a year with health benefits and a 401(k) plan. He is on a path typical for someone who

40、 attended college without getting a four-year degree. Men in their early 40's in this category made an average of $42,000 in 2000. Those with a four-year degree made $65,000.Mr. Blevins says he has many reasons to be happy. He lives with his wife, Karla, and their year-old son, Lucas, in a small

41、 blue-and-yellow house in the middle of a stunningly picturesque Appalachian valley."Looking back, I wish I had gotten that degree," Mr. Blevins said in his soft-spoken lilt. "Four years seemed like a thousand years then. But I wish I would have just put in my four years."Why so

42、many low-income students fall from the college ranks is a question without a simple answer. Many high schools do a poor job of preparing s for college. Tuition bills scare some students from even8 / 21 错误！未指定书签。 TopSapplying and leave others with years of debt. To Mr. Blevins, like many other studen

43、ts of limited means, every week of going to classes seemed like another week of losing money ."The system makes a false promise to students," said John T. Casteen III, the president of the University of Virginia, himself the son of a Virginia shipyard worker.2008年11月人事部三级笔译（CATTI）完形填空One o

44、f Nature's most fascinating mysteries is how pigeons find their way home over vast distances.No matter how far away they are taken, they almost always return to their lofts.Now German scientists believe they have discovered how the birds do it. Research has revealed that tiny iron structures in

45、their beaks allow them to analyse the earth's magnetic field - much like a compass.Through the signals picked up, the birds can work out where they are and set out on the best course home. their beaks.The amazing abilities of homing pigeons made them invaluable during both world wars, with both

46、sides using them to send messages over enemy lines.Thirty-two of the 250,000 pigeons used by UK forces in World War Two were even awarded medals for valour.In 2005, the film Valiant recorded the exploits of a group of fictional wartime homing pigeons.In the past, experts have suggested the birds use

47、 the sun and stars to navigate, although in 2004 researchers found that many follow roads rather than their internal compass to plan their route.Italian scientists also recently found that the birds can create 'odour maps' of areas they fly over, which may help them find their way. However s

48、cientists have long believed that they can in some way use the natural magnetism of the earth to navigate. The recent study by German scientists has revealed how this may be possible.branches which are arranged in a 3D pattern. 大家网 9 / 21The team, led by Gerta Fleissner, concluded that this allows t

49、he birds to react to the external magnetic field of the planet and work out their precise location.She pointed out that similar ironcontaining cells had been found in the beaks of robins, warblers and chickens so it may well turn out to be the way that other species also navigate."We expect tha

50、t the pigeon-type receptor might turn out to be a universal feature of all birds," she said. Scientists are still discovering more about the incredible abilities of the pigeon.Last year a French team found that they can memorise 1,200 pictures.The researchers concluded that while birds and othe

51、r animals are different in so many ways, our divergent evolutionary paths have had little impact on the basic processes of our memories.However, despite such impressive memories, pigeons are not the most intelligent birds, according to researchers.A team in 2005 judged the intelligence of a range of

52、 birds and concluded that crows, rooks, jays and ravens topped the IQ league, while the New World quail earned the dubious honour of being the most stupid. 人事部三级笔译（CATTI）2008.5英译汉真题Europe Pushes to Get Fuel From FieldsARDEA, Italy The previous growing season, this lush field near Rome was filled wit

53、h rows of delicate durum wheat, used to make high-quality pasta. Today it overflows with rapeseed, a tall, gnarled weedlike plant bursting with coarse yellow flowers that has become a new manna for European farmers: rapeseed can be turned into biofuel.Motivated by generous subsidies to develop alter

54、native energy sources and a measure of concern about the future of the planet Europes farmers are beginning to grow crops that can be turned into fuels meant to produce fewer s than gas or oil. They are chasing their counterparts in the Americas who have been raising crops for biofuel for more than

55、five years.10 / 21 错误！未指定书签。 TopS“This is a much-needed to our economy, our farms,” said Marcello Pini, 50, a farmer, standing in front of the rapeseed he planted for the first time. “Of course, we hope it helps the environment, too.”In March, the European Commission, disappointed by the slow growth

56、 of the biofuels industry, approved a directive that included a “binding target” requiring member countries to use 10 percent biofuel for transport by 2020 the most ambitious and specific goal in the world.Most European countries are far from achieving the target, and are introducing incentives and

57、subsidies to bolster production.As a result, bioenergy crops have replaced food as the most profitable crop in several European countries. In this part of Italy, for example, the government guarantees the purchase of biofuel crops at 22 euros for 100 kilograms, or $13.42 for 100 pounds nearly twice

58、the 11 to 12 euros for 100 kilograms of wheat on the open market in 2006. Better still, farmers can plant biofuel crops on “set aside” fields, land that Europes agriculture policy would otherwise require be left fallow.But an expert panel convened by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organizat

59、ion pointed out that the biofuels boom produces benefits as well as trade-offs and risks including higher and wildly fluctuating food prices. In some markets, grain prices have nearly doubled.“At a time when agricultural prices are low, in comes biofuel and improves the lot of farmers and injects life into rural areas,” said Gustavo Best, an expert at the Food and Agriculture Organization in Rome. “But as the grows and the demand for biofuel crops seems to be infinite, were seeing so