2019年全国I卷高考英语试题

1、2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（I卷）英语第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选由最佳选项。ANeedaJobThisSummer?Theprovincialgovernmentanditspartnersoffermanyprogramstohelpstudentsfindsummerjobs.Thedeadlinesandwhatyouneedtoapplydependontheprogram.Notastudent?Gotothegovernmentwebsitetolearnabo

2、utprogramsandonlinetoolsavailabletohelppeopleunder30buildskills,findajoborstartbusinessesallyearround.JobsforYouthIfyouareateenagerlivingincertainpartsoftheprovince,youcouldbeeligible（符合条件）forthisprogram,whichprovideseightweeksofpaidemploymentalongwithtraining.Whoiseligible:Youth15-18yearsoldinselec

3、tcommunities（社区）.SummerCompanySummerCompanyprovidesstudentswithhands-onbusinesstrainingandawardsofupto$3,000tostartandruntheirownsummerbusinesses.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15-29,returningtoschoolinthefall.StewardshipYouthRangerProgramYoucouldapplytobeaStewardshipYouthRangerandworkonlocalnaturalresou

4、rcemanagementprojectsforeightweeksthissummer.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire,butnotturning18beforeDecember31thisyear.SummerEmploymentOpportunities（机会）ThroughtheSummerEmploymentOpportunitiesprogram,studentsarehiredeachyearinavarietyofsummerpositionsacrosstheProvincialPublicService,itsrel

5、atedagenciesandcommunitygroups.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15orolder.Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24orupto29forpersonswithadisability.21. WhatisspecialaboutSummerCompany?A. Itrequiresnotrainingbeforeemployment.B. Itprovidesawardsforrunningnewbusinesses.C. Itallowsonetoworkinthenaturalenvironmen

6、t.D. Itoffersmoresummerjobopportunities.22. WhatistheagerangerequiredbyStewardshipYouthRangerProgram?A.15-18.B.15-24.C.15-29.D.16-17.23. Whichprogramfavorsthedisabled?A. JobsforYouth.B. SummerCompany.C. StewardshipYouthRangerProgram.D. SummerEmploymentOpportunities.BForCanaanElementary'secondgra

7、deinPatchogue,N.Y.,todayisspeechday,andrightnowit'sChrisPalaez'stu-yeTheldisthejokeroftheclass.Withshiningdarkeyes,heseemsliketheofkindofkidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.Buthe'snervous.“I'mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushouldChristripsonthe-ld,“apronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglis

8、hspeakers.Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport.”Voteforme"Exceptforstoimfoles,Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion,Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.Asonofimmigrants,ChrisstaredlearningEnglishalittleoverthreeyearsago.Whaleyrecalls（回想起）howatth

9、ebeginningoftheyear,whencalledupontoread,Chriswouldexcusehimselftogotothebathroom.LearningEnglishasasecondlanguagecanbeapainfulexperience.Whatyouneedisagreatteacherwholetsyoumakemistakes."Ittakesastudent,"Whaleyexplains,“especiallyforastudentwhoislearningEnglishastheirnewlanguage,tofeelcon

10、fidentenoughtosay,'Idon'tknovwanttoknow.'"Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.Theanswerbrokehisheart.Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.He

11、wantsthesekidstolearntoboast（夸耀）aboutthemselves.“Boastingaboutyourself,andyourbestqualities,"Whaleysaydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfident.24. WhatmadeChrisnervous?A.Tellingastory.B.Makingaspeech.C.Takingatest.D.Answeringaquestion.25. Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stumbles&q

12、uot;inparagraphsreferA.Improperpauses.B.Badmanners.C.Spellingmistakes.D.Sillyjokes.26. WecaninferthatthepurposeofWhaley'sprojectisto.A. helpstudentsseetheirownstrengthsB. assessstudents'publicspeakingskillsC. preparestudentsfortheirfuturejobsD. inspirestudents'loveforpolitics27. Whichoft

13、hefollowingbestdescribesWhaleyasateacher?A.Humorous.B.Ambitious.C.Caring.D.Demanding.CAsdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingforbiometric（生物测量）technologies-likefingerprintscanskeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.Researchersfrom

14、GeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice（装置）thatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence（节奏）withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser'typingandthetimebet

15、weenkeypresses.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeople'sidentities,andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit'connectedto-regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.Italsodoesn'trequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearenfamiliarwith.Ever

16、ybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently.Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword“touch"fourtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylowerrorrates.Theresearcherssaythattheke

17、yboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.28. Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard?A. Toreducepressureonkeys.B. Toimproveaccuracyintyping.C. Toreplacethepasswordsystem.D. Tocutthecostofe-spacepro

18、tection.29. Whatmakestheinventionofthesmartkeyboardpossible?A. Computersaremucheasiertooperate.B. Fingerprintscanningtechniquesdevelopfast.C. Typingpatternsvaryfrompersontoperson.D. Datasecuritymeasuresareguaranteed.30. Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard?A.It'llbeenvironment-friendly.B

19、.It'llreachconsumerssoon.C.It'llbemadeofplastics.D.It'llhelpspeeduptyping.31. Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Adiary.B.Aguidebook.C.Anovel.D.Amagazine.DDuringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool（小学）,Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes,whichallowedmetokeepmyhighsocialstatus.Iwasthequeenoftheplaygrou

20、nd.Thencamemytweensandteens,andmeangirlsandcoolkids.Theyroseintheranksnotbybeingfriendlybutbysmokingcigarettes,breakingrulesandplayingjokesonothers,amongwhomIsoonfoundmyself.sstuPopularityisawell-exploredsubjectinsocialpsychology.MitchPrinstein,aprofessorofclinicalpsychologysortsthepopularintotwocat

21、egories:thelikableandthestatusseekers.Thelikables'playell-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jump-startinterpersonalskillsand,whentappedearly,areemployedeverafterinlifeandwork.Thenthereofpopularitythatappearsinadolescence:statusbornofpowerandevendishonorablebehavior.Enviableasth

22、ecoolkidsmayhaveseemed,Dr.Prinstein“gagst（ikfelytoeunpleasantconsequences.Thosewhowerehighestinstatusinhighschool,aswellasthoseleastlikedinelementaryschool,are事）indangerousandriskybehavior.Inonestudy,Dr.Prinsteinexaminedthetwotypesofpopularityin235adolescents,scoringtheleastliked,themostlikedandtheh

23、ighestinstatusbasedonstudentsurveys（调查研究）.“Wefoundthattheleastwelikedteenshadbecomemoreaggressiveovertimetowardtheirclassmates.Butsohadthosewhowerehighinstatus.Itclearlyshowedthatwhilelikabilitycanleadtohealthyadjustment,highstatushasjusttheoppositeeffectonus.Dr.Prinsteinhasalsofoundthatthequalities

24、thatmadetheneighborswantyouonaplaydate-sharing,kindness,openness-carryovertolateryearsandmakeyoubetterabletorelateandconnectwithothers.Inanalyzinghisandotherresearch,Dr.Prinsteincametoanotherconclusion:Notonlyislikabilityrelatedtopositivelifeoutcomes,butitisalsoresponsibleforthoseoutcomes,too."

25、Beinglikedcreatesopportunitiesforlearningandfornewkindsoflifeexperiencesthathelpsomebodygainanadvantage,hesaid.32. Whatsortofgirlwastheauthorinherearlyyearsofelementaryschool?A.Unkind.B.Lonely.C.Generous.D.Cool.33. Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A. Theclassificationofthepopular.B. Thecharacteri

26、sticsofadolescents.C. Theimportanceofinterpersonalskills.D. Thecausesofdishonorablebehavior.34. WhatdidDr.Prinstein'sstudyfindaboutthemostlikedkids?A. Theyappearedtobeaggressive.B. Theytendedtobemoreadaptable.C. Theyenjoyedthehigheststatus.D. Theyperformedwellacademically.35. Whatisthebesttitlef

27、orthetext?A. BeNiceYouWon'tFinishLastB. TheHighertheStatus,theBetterC. BetheBestYouCanMakeItD. MoreSelf-Control,LessAggressiveness第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选由能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项IsFreshAirReallyGoodforYou?Weallgrewuphearingpeopletellusto“gooutandgetsomefres36. Accordingtorecentstudi

28、es,theanswerisabigYES,iftheairqualityinyourcampingareaisgood.37. Iftheairyou'rebreathingiscleanwhichitwoulyou'reawayfromthesmogofcities-thentheairisf川edwithlife-giving,energizingoxygen.Ifyouexerciseoutofdoors,yourbodywilllearntobreathemoredeeply,allowingevenmoreoxygentogettoyourmuscles（肌肉）an

29、dyourbrain.Recently,peoplehavebegunstudyingtheconnectionbetweenthenaturalworldandhealing（治愈）.38Intheseplacespatientscangotobenearnatureduringtheirrecovery.Itturnsoutthatjustlookingatgreen,growingthingscanreducestress,lowerbloodpressure,andputpeopleintoabettermood（情绪）.Greeneryisgoodforus.Hospitalpati

30、entswhoseetreebranchesouttheirwindowarelikelytorecoveratafasterratethanpatientswhoseebuildingsorskyinstead.39Itgivesusagreatfeelingofpeace.40Whilethesun'srayscanageandharmourskin,theyalsogiveusbeneficialVitaminD.TomakesureyougetenoughVitaminDstillprotectyourskin-putonsunscreenrightasyouheadoutsi

31、de.Ittakessunscreenaboutfifteenminutestostartworking,andthat'splenlyourskintoabsorbaday'sworthofVitaminD.A. Freshaircleansourlungs.B. Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?C. Beinginnaturerefreshesus.D. Anothersidebenefitofgettingfreshairissunlight.E. Butisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmotheralwayssaid?F

32、. Justasimportantly,wetendtoassociatefreshairwithhealthcare.G. Allacrossthecountry,recoverycentershavebegunbuildingHealingGardens.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选由可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Everyyearabout40,000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica.Th

33、ey41withthemlotsofwaste.The42mightdamagethebeautyoftheplace.Theglaciers（冰J|）aredisappearing,changingthe43ofKilimanjaro.Hearingthesestories,I'm44abouttheplace-otherdestinationsaredescribedas“purer"naturalexperiences.However,Isoon45thatmuchhaschangedsincethedaysofdisturbingreportsof46amongton

34、sofrubbish.Ifinda47mountain,withtoiletsatcampsandalongthepaths.Theenvironmentalchallengesare48buttheeffortsmadebytheTanzaniaNationalParkAuthorityseemtobe49.ThebestofaKilimanjaro50,inmyopinion,isn'treachingthetop.Mountainsare51asspiritualplacesbymanycultures.This52isespeciallyevidentonKilimanjaro

35、as53gothroughfiveecosystems（生态系统）inthespaceofafewkilometers.Atthebaseisarainforest.Itendsabruptlyat3,000meters,54landsoflowgrowingplants.Furtherup,theweather55lowcloudsenvelopethemountainsides,whicharecoveredwiththickgrass.I56twelveshadesofgreenfromwhereIstand.Above4,000metersisthehighland57:gravel（

36、砾石），stonesandrocks.58youclimbintoanarctic-likezonewith59snowandtheglaciersthatmaysoondisappear.DoesKilimanjaro60itsreputationasacrowdedmountainwithlinesoftouristsruiningtheatmosphereofpeace?Ifoundtheoppositetobetrue.41. A.keep42. A.stories43. A.position44. A.silent45. A.discover46. A.equipment47. A.

37、remote48. A.new49. A.payingoff50. A.atmosphere51. A.studied52. A.view53. A.scientistsB.mixB.buildingsB.ageB.skepticalB.argueB.grassB.quietB.specialB.spreadingoutB.experienceB.observedB.qualityB. climbersC. connectC.crowdsC.faceC.seriousC.decideC.campsC.tallC.significantC. blowingupC.experimentC.expl

38、oredC.reasonC.localsD. bringD.reportersD.nameD.crazyD.advocateD.stonesD.cleanD.necessaryD.fadingawayD.sightD.regardedD.purposeD.officials54. A.holdingonto55. A.changes56. A.match57. A.village58. A.Obviously59. A.permanent60. A.enjoyB.goingbacktoB.clearsB.imagineB.desertB.EasilyB.littleB. deserve第二节（

39、共10小题；每小题1.5分,阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1C. livinguptoC. improvesC.countC.roadC.ConsequentlyC.freshC.save满分15分)D. givingwaytoD.permitsD.addD.lakeD.FinallyD.artificialD.acquire个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88,thereisevidence61theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen62(poor)studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.Modernmethods63trackingpola