(外研社)高等学校研究生英语综合教程下第6单元课后答案及解析

1、.1高等院校研究生英语系列教材综合教程（下）综合教程（下）INTEGRATED COURSE.2Unit 6 Transition .3 Content Starting out Reading Focus Reading More Practical Translation Focused Writing Final Project.4Task 1Group DiscussionThe term “migrant worker” has different official meanings and connotations in different parts of the world.

2、The United Nations definition is broad, essentially including anyone working outside their home country. It can also include those who migrate within a country, usually their own, in order to pursue work such as seasonal jobs.In China, there are great numbers of such internal migrant workers in the

3、big cities. Discuss the possible reasons why they leave their hometowns and seek jobs in the cities, and the possible consequences of this phenomenon.5Task 2 Group DiscussionThe United States is a nation on the move. People seldom live their entire life in one place orremain where they were born. Te

4、ll your group members what the driving forces are behind this.6Listen to part of President Obamas inaugural speech and fill in the blanks. That we are in the midst of crisis is now well understood. Our nation is at war, against a far-reaching network of _ and hatred. Our economy is badly weakened, a

5、 consequence of greed and _ on the part of some, but also our collective _ to make hard choices and _ the nation for a new age. Homes have been lost; jobs shed; businesses shuttered. Our health care is too costly; our schools fail too many; and each day brings further _ that the ways we use energy s

6、trengthen our adversaries and threaten our planet. irresponsibilityviolencepreparefailureevidence.7These are the indicators of crisis, _ subject to data and statistics. Less measurable but no less profound is a sapping of _ across our land - a nagging fear that Americas decline is _, and that the ne

7、xt generation must lower its sights. Today I say to you that the challenges we face are real. They are _ and they are many. They will not be met easily or in a short _ of time. But know this, America: They will be met. subjectconfidenceinevitableseriousspan.8Inaugural Address.9 Global Understanding

8、2Detailed Information3Critical Thinking4Language Points5Vocabulary in Action6Background Information1.10 John F. Kennedy 35th President of the US In office: January 20, 1961 November 22, 1963 an immensely popular leader who was assassinated before he completed his third year in office a great speaker

9、Listen to the beginning part of President Kennedys speech at Rice University Sept. 12, 1962. .11Global Understanding1Introduction2Body3Closing Remark(Para. 1)(Paras. 2-24)(Paras. 25-27).12Global UnderstandingA. The world is very different now.Man holds in his mortal hands the power to _ _ _ _.But we

10、 dare not forget today that _ _.We shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, and oppose any foe, in order to _.abolish all formsof human poverty and all forms of human lifewe are the heirs of thatfirst revolutionassure the survival and the success of liberty .13B.

11、Our pledge:To those old allies whose cultural and spiritual origins we share, _To those new states whom we welcome to the ranks of the free, _ _ _.To those peoples in the huts and villages across the globe struggling to break the bonds of mass misery, _ _. Global Understandingwe pledge the loyalty o

12、f faithful friends we pledge our word that one form of colonial control shall not have passed away merely to be replaced by a far more iron tyrannywe pledge our best efforts to help them help themselves.14To our sister republics south of our border, we offer a special pledge to _ _. To that world as

13、sembly of sovereign states, the United Nations, we renew our pledge of support to _ _ _. To our adversary, we offer a request: _ _ Global Understandingassist free men and free governments in casting off the chains of povertystrengthen its shieldof the new and the weak and to enlarge the area in whic

14、h its writ may runthat both sides beginanew the quest for peace.15C. What should we do?Let us begin anew and never negotiate out of fear. But _.Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of_. Let both sides formulate serious and precise proposals for theinspection and control of arms and

15、bring the absolute power todestroy other nations under the absolute control of all nations.Let both sides _. Let both sides unite to _.Let both sides join in creating _.Global Understandinglet us never fear to negotiatebelaboring those problems which divide usseek to invoke the wonders of scienceins

16、tead of its terrorsheed in all corners of the earth thecommand of Isaiaha new endeavor, not a newbalance of power, but a new world of Law.16D. Lets do it.In your hands, my fellow citizens, _.Lets join in that historic effort to forge against these enemies agrand and global alliance that _ _.In the l

17、ong history of the world, only a few generations _.Global Understandingwill rest the final successor failure of our coursecan assure a morefruitful life for all mankindhave been granted the role of defending freedom in its hour of maximum danger.17Challenge to Americans: _.Challenge to citizens of t

18、he world: _. Global Understanding Ask not what your country can do for youask what you can do for your country Ask not what America will do for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of man.18Task 2Work in groups to decide whether the statements are true or false according to the passage.

19、(P168) Key: 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 FFTTFTTFDetailed Information.19Critical ThinkingReading Focus.20Q1:Work together with your partner to answer the following questions based on the text youve just read.Reading FocusCritical Thinking1. In Paragraph 2, President Kennedy said, “For man holds in his mortal hands

20、 the power to abolish all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life.” Do you agree with the statement? Why or why not?2. Comment on the rhetorical strategies of the speech. How does President Kennedy engage his audience, convey his message, and ensure that his words will long be remembered?

21、.21Q2Discuss in groups the following questions.Reading FocusCritical Thinking1. President Kennedy said in his inaugural address, “In your hands, my fellow citizens, more than in mine, will rest the final success or failure of our course.” In whose hands do you think the final success or failure a na

22、tions course rests, the leaders of a country or its people? Why?2. Also in his inaugural address, President Kennedy said, “.ask not what your country can do for youask what you can do for your country.” Have you asked yourself what you can do for China?3. In Paragraph 24, President Kennedy said, “I

23、do not believe that any of us would exchange places with any other people or any other generation.” Would you want to change places with any other people or live in another generation? Explain your answer.221. we observe today not a victory of party, but a celebration of freedomsymbolizing an end, a

24、s well as a beginningsignifying renewal, as well as change. (Para. 1) signify: to represent, mean, or be a sign of somethinge.g. Some tribes use special facial markings to signify status. The symbol displayed outside a restaurant signifies theres excellent cuisine inside.Language Point .232. The wor

25、ld is very different now. For man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life. (Para. 2)abolish: to officially end a law, system etc, especially one that has existed for a long time e.g. Slavery was abolished in the US in the 19th century. La

26、nguage Point .24 辨析辨析：abolish, cancel, nullifyThe bank agreed to _ all the companys debts.The following year Parliament voted to _ the death penalty for murder. It is worth remembering that previous wills are _ automatically upon marriage.Language Point cancelabolishnullified.253. Let the word go fo

27、rth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike (Para. 3) alike: used to emphasize that you mean both the people, groups, or things that you have just mentioned e.g. 1) I learned a lot from teachers and students alike. 2) Its a show that appeals to young and old alike. Language Point .264. Thi

28、s much we pledgeand more. (Para. 5) pledge: to make a formal, usually public promise that you will do somethinge.g. 1) The new governor pledged to reduce crime.2) The President has pledged that putting the economy right will be his top priority. Language Point .27 pledge, promise, guarantee, commitI

29、d _ myself and there was no turning back.The French President _ $150 million in French aid next year.We _ to refund your money if you are not delighted with your purchase.You _ me (that) youd be home early tonight. Language Point committedis pledgingguaranteepromised.285. To those peoples in the hut

30、s and villages across the globe struggling to break the bonds of mass misery,(Para. 8) bond: n. something that unites two or more people or groups, such as love, or a shared interest or idea e.g. These women all lead very different lives, but they share a common bond.Language Point .29bond: v.1. if

31、two things bond with each other, they become firmly fixed together, especially after they have been joined with gluee.g. It takes less than 10 minutes for the two surfaces to bond. 2. to develop a special relationship with someone bond withe.g. Time must be given for the mother to bond with her baby

32、.Language Point .306. Together let us explore the stars, conquer the deserts, eradicate disease, tap the ocean depths, and encourage the arts and commerce. (Para. 8) eradicate: to completely get rid of something such as a disease or a social probleme.g. 1) We can eradicate this disease from the worl

33、d.2) They are already battling to eradicate illnesses such as malaria and tetanus. Language Point .31 Key 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6- 7- 8- 9- 10- 11- 12-Task 1Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the sentence. (P170)CACADCBDVocabulary in Action ACBA.32Task 21. _ (水不是有效的遮挡物)

34、against the suns more harmful rays.2. Within minutes, the car was _ (被火焰吞没).3. We must respect _ (主权国家的权利) to conduct their own affairs.4. The company has completely _ (在市场上胜过他的竞争者).Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in brackets into English. Try to use the expressions you h

35、ave learned from the text. (P171)Water is not an effective shieldengulfed in flamesVocabulary in Action the rights of sovereign nationsoutpaced its rivals in the market.335. _ (没有必要唠叨这点)you dont need to keep reminding me.6. _ (她恳求几位有名的学者) to back up her argument.7. Helicopters carried 300 women and

36、children _ (从两个被围困的村庄).8. _ (根据证人证词所示), you were present when the crime was committed.9. _ (虽然我们尽了最大努力), it has proven impossible to contact her.10. _ (经过了许多考验和磨难之后), we finally reached our destination.Theres no need to belabor the pointShe invoked several eminent scholarsfrom two embattled villages

37、According to the witnesss testimonyVocabulary in Action In spite of our best endeavorsAfter many trials and tribulations.34Task 3The following is an excerpt from President Obamas inaugural address. Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word from the box. Change the form if necessary.(P171)

38、1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6- 7- 8- 9- 10- 11- 12-remainchildishreaffirm preciousequalmeasuregreatnessjourneyleisurefameVocabulary in Action obscureprosperity.35An Urge for Going.36 Global Understanding Detailed Information Critical Thinking Language Points Vocabulary in Action12345 Reasons for movingParas. 5-9

39、How many times I movedMemories of homeParas. 1-4Para. 10-20ConclusionPara21. 21.38Complete the following extract with information from the text. (P178)1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-Reading MoreDetailed Understandingsacrificetravelingpossessionsuperficialwheresnapshotsenduringprofusesensenative

40、customaryaffectionreplenishingtrappedstayer.39Critical ThinkingCritical Thinking.40Step One Discuss with your partner what the author means by the following statements.Reading MoreCritical Thinking1. Longing that overtakes me like a fast car on the freeway and makes me willing to withstand a feeling

41、 of personal temporariness.2. Other peoples permanences are certainly in our faces all the time; their lengthy lengths-of-stay at one address, their many-layered senses of place, their store of lorish, insider blab. Their commitment.41Step TwoDiscuss in groups the following questions.1. The author m

42、entioned that he had sacrificed a lot financially from being constantly on the move. Do you think there is any way he might benefit financially from moving around? How? If not, could he benefit from moving in other ways?2. Compared to the considered three worse things that can happen to people in th

43、e United States, namely death of a spouse, loss of a house by fire and moving, what would be considered as the three worst things by Chinese people?Reading MoreCritical Thinking.421. Ive read someplace that in our descending order of mighty and important human anxieties, Americans suffer the death o

44、f a spouse, the loss of a house by fire, and moving to be the worst three things that can happen to us. (Para. 1) 翻译：翻译：我曾经在某处读到过，如果把人类的焦虑按重大和影响力递减的顺序来排列的话，丧 失配偶，房屋失火和搬家是发生在美国人生活中最糟糕的三件事。 Language Point .432. and I brood over the sign on my lawn bitterly demanding “make an offer.”(Para. 2) brood: to

45、 keep thinking about something that you are worried or upset aboute.g. 1) Dont sit at home brooding all day. 2) Youre not still brooding over what he said, are you?Language Point .443. Maybe, on a decidedly reduced scale, its what a rock star feels, or a chewing-gum heiress, celebs who keep houses a

46、ll over the globe, visit them often, (Para. 7) 翻译：翻译：也许，经过显然的微缩后，这是一个摇滚歌星的感觉，也许，经过显然的微缩后，这是一个摇滚歌星的感觉，或是 一个嚼着口香糖的巨额财富女继承人或名人们，他们在世界各地都拥有房子，经常逗留，Language Point .454. And, indeed, Im suspicious of explanations that argue that any of us does anything because of a single reason, or two, or three. (Para.9

47、)翻译：翻译：事实上，有一种解释认为任何一个人做任何一件 事都会有一个理由，或者两三个，我对此深表怀疑。Language Point .465. My most enduring memories of childhood are mental snapshots not of my hometown streets or its summary lawns but of roads leading out of town. (Para. 11) enduring: continuing for a very long time e.g. He did succeed in casting a

48、n enduring literary spell.Language Point .476. Once my wife and I were stranded with car trouble in the town of Kearney, Nebraska, on a blurry, hot midsummer day late in the 1970s. (Para.14) strand: to leave sb in a place from which they have no way of leaving e.g. 1) The climbers had been stranded

49、by a storm. 2) The strike left hundreds of tourists stranded at the airport.Language Point .487. Today, when people ask me, people who banked their fires and their equity, (Para. 20) bank fire: to cover a fire with wood or coal to keep it going for a long timee.g. Josie banked up the fire to last ti

50、ll morning.Language Point .49Task 11-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-Choose the sentence in which the underlined word has the closest meaning to the underlined word in the sentence quoted from the text.BACVocabulary in Action AACCBA.50Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word or phrase from the box. Chang

51、e the form if necessary. (P181)Vocabulary in Action skim off hold down hush up engrave overtakewithstand abandon sacrifice suspicious enduringprospect reproach replenish superficial exotic1. Constant injury problems had made it tough for him to _ a regular first team place.2. Its very _ that she was

52、 in the house when the crime happened.3. The _ of becoming a father filled him with alarm.hold downsuspiciousprospectTask 2.514. Would you _ a football game to go out with a girl?5. The date of the accident remains _ in my mind.6. What is the reason for the games _ appeal?7. When you first meet her,

53、 she gives a(n) _ impression of warmth and friendliness.8. Computerization has enabled the automatic _ of stock.9. She travels to all kinds of _ locations all over the world.sacrificeengravedenduringVocabulary in Action superficialreplenishmentexotic.5210. Private companies should not be allowed to

54、_ profitable sectors of the postal service.11. The study showed a deep fear among the elderly of being _ to the care of strangers.12. Our original plan _ by events and we had to make a new one.13. The whole affair was _ by the government.14. Their marriage could not _ four years separation during th

55、e war.15. She was _ by colleagues for leaking the story to the press.skim offabandonedwas overtakenhushed upVocabulary in Action withstandreproached.53Task 3 1. longA. Size of pension depends partly on _ of service with the company.B. After a _ period of negotiation, an agreement was finally reached

56、.C. Springfield is a _ way from Chicago.Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate form of the word given and explain its meaning.(p181)lengthlengthylongVocabulary in Action .542. bitterA. Black coffee leaves a _ taste in the mouth.B. He was _ disappointed not to get the job.C. The rift within t

57、he organization reflects the growing _ of the dispute.3. temporaryA. He was _ imprisoned for his support of the rebels.B. The ceasefire will only provide a _ solution to the crisis. bitterbitterlybitternesstemporarilyVocabulary in Action temporary.554. descendA. We turned the corner and saw that the

58、 road _ steeply.B. The hotels are listed in _ order of price.C. The plane began its final _ to the airport.5. customA. She gave the speech of thanks to the _ chairman.B. Its the _ for the brides father to pay for the wedding.C. The company specializes in _ computer systems.descendeddescendingdescent

59、Vocabulary in Action customarycustomcustomized.56 6. profuseA. The _ of his thanks was embarrassing.B. _ sweating is one of the symptoms of heat exhaustion.C. I was remarking on the recent _ of books and articles on the matter.7. stirA. It was a _ place to visit but perhaps one wouldnt want to live

60、there.B. Old memories _ as she looked at the photographs.C. Plans for the motorway caused quite a _ among fusenessProfuseprofusionVocabulary in Action stirringstirredstir.57 8. recollectA. She _ sadly that she and Ben used to laugh a lot.B. I have many pleasant _ of the time we spent toget