简单句、并列句

1、第二讲 简单句、并列句（句法基础知识）第一部分 简单句、并列句课堂讲义第一节 基本的句式结构一 、五种基本的句式结构（句法结构/词法结构）（一）、主语+谓语The problem arose. 主语       谓语He       came .（二）、 主语+谓语+宾语I     ate      

2、;an apple.He     likes     her.The teacher likes    music.主语      谓语      宾语（三）、 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语John bought Alice a car. He bought her it.&#

3、160;tell buy give show deny  offer（四）、主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语I think English easy.adj.English is thought easy.consider believe（五）、主语+ 系+ 表语 1、主语+ 系+ 表语He          is     

4、60;a teacher.  The flower   is        red.  The mixture tastes   terrible.  2、系动词的分类  （1） be动词-am is are was were +n./adj.（2） 感官动词：taste look sound smell feel+ adj.  carpet  towelThe blanket

5、 feels smooth.   （3）表变化动词：turn get go grow + adjbecome + adj/n.    Her face turns /becomes red.    He became a teacher.It gets warm.He shrugged his shoulders , saying no【历年考试真题】考点：表示变化的系动词10325 Meat easily _ in hot weather. A. turns badly B. becomes

6、badly C. goes bad D. changes worse（4）表示保持：keep  remain    The frog remains move less in winter.注一、词法结构小结：主语-n. pron.   谓语- v 宾语- n. pron.   宾补/ 主补- adj 表语- n. adj.注二、动词的分类:实意动词   及物动词 vt       不及物动词 go vi情

7、态动词   can may mustHe can do it.单独不能构成谓语 必须和实意动词构成复合谓语助动词     do will have has be                He will do it.          

8、      An apple was eaten.单独不能构成谓语 必须和实意动词构成复合谓语系动词    （略）二、there be 结构 There are books on the desk.（一）、there be 结构的两种表现形式there is = there existsthere are= there existthere was/were= there existed【历年考试真题】考点：there be 结构的两种表现形式1. 0410 The fact is _ exis

9、ts no life on the moon. A. that B. where C. there D. that there 【翻译历年真题】there be1.06-93.一个人的学习能力是无限的。 （二）、there be 和will结构的互换There will be a meeting next week.  We will have a meeting next week.There being a meeting next week，we will make full preparations.Hav

10、ing  a meeting next week，we will make full preparations.【历年考试真题】考点：there be 和will结构的互换1. 0516 _nothing to talk about, he said good-bye and went out of the room. A. there was B. There being C. Being D. there been（三）、there be 结构的主谓一致there seems to be _可数单数 / 不可数_there seem to&

11、#160;be _可数复数_【历年考试真题】there be 结构的主谓一致1. 08-25. There _ some mistakes in your composition.A. have B. has C. seems to be D. seem to be 第二节、  简单句、 并列句、主从复合句一、简单句1、定语The  red  flower  is mine.     定语  主语   I like

12、the  spacious  hall.           定语    宾语He came to the blue  room.             定语   宾语He is an excellent&#

13、160;violinist.        定语   表语小结：I like the flower on the desk.介宾结构He gave us the solution to the problem.                介宾结构The legs of the desk 

14、;are all broken.    介宾结构We should help the people in the disaster areas.             介宾结构answer to the question小结：【翻译历年真题】1. 0992. 在我看来，讨论是解决问题的好方法。In my opinion, In my viewpoint, In my point of view,As far as

15、I am concerned, discussion is a good solution to the problem.As far as I am concerned, discussion is a good way of solving the problem.注：The solutions to the problemThe answer to the question2、状语He read the book carefully in the classroom yesterday.     &

16、#160;               方式      地点         时间 状语                  副词 

17、   介宾结构       名词Yesterday he read the book carefully in the classroom.He read the book carefully there then.He came early.小结：have take get 【翻译历年真题】 04-71.电脑在我们日常生活中起着非常重要的作用Computer has a very important

18、60;function in our daily life.Computers play a very important role/ part in our daily life.【注意】：英语中的介宾结构：（1）  He came to /the room. 地点状语 （2） He visited me with a flower. 方式状语 （3） I like the flower on the desk.（4） He

19、 read the book in the classroom.（5）The legs of the desk are all broken. 定语（6）  It is of/ importance. 表语3、同位语Mr. Smith, our new teacher, is very kind.We all like our capital, Beijing.【历年考试真题】1.10-26. Orlando, a city in Florida, _ for its main attraction, Magic

20、Kingdom.A. which is well known B. being well knownC. well known D. is well known二、 并列句 （1）形合外形/结构的完整性与意合意思的完整性    我喜欢音乐， 我老师也喜欢音乐， 昨天我们去听音乐会了。 I like music，and my teacher likes music, too，and Yesterday we went to concert.（2）并列连词and、 or 、but、 so、

21、 nor 、neither、 for、 suddenly when、 while  Turn off the radio, _ your sister will fall asleep.Hurry up, _ you will be late.A. and  B. or  三、 主从复合句He came. It excited us. He came, and it excited us.     主语 谓语（从句）That he   came   excited   us.       主语       谓语    宾语