名词性从句讲解练习

1、1名词性从句一、名词性从句的连接词1从属连词 that， whether 和 if(1)that ，whether，if 在从句中不充当任何成分，只起到连接从句的功能。that 没有实际意义，而 whether ，if 意为“是否”。(2)whether 与 if 的用法比较 二者均可作“是否”讲，都可以引导名词性从句，引导宾语从句时可以互换。I don t know whether/if he ll attend the meeting.在下列情况下，常用 whether，不用 if。1whether 引导从句可以放于句首。Whether he comes or not makes no d

2、ifference.2whether 可引导表语从句和同位语从句，if 不可。The question is whether it is worth trying.The question whether he should join the team has not been decided upon.3whether 可以作介词宾语，if 则不可。I haven t settled the problem of whether I II lend him the money.4whether 后可以加不定式， if 不可。He didn t know whether to get marr

3、ied or to wait.5可以用 whether.or 引导让步状语从句，意为“无论，不论”，if 则不可。Whether it rains or snows ， I don t care.2连接代词弓丨导名词性从句的连接代词有： who， whom， whose，what，which，whatever，whichever，whoever。连接代词在句中既起连接作用，同时又充当主语、宾语、定语、表语等成分。3连接副词引导名词性从句的连接副词有：when, where, how, why。连接副词在句中既是连接词，又作状语。二、 主语从句1主语从句在复合句中充当主语，大多数主语从句都可以用

4、it 作形式主语而把主语从句置于句尾。2.that 引导主语从句时可用 it 作形式主语，that 不可省；what 引导的主语从句表示.的东西”时，一般不用it作形式主语； whatever， whoever， whichever 一般也不用 it 作形式主语。That she will succeed is certain.It is certain that she will succeed.What he needs is more experience.(1) It 系动词形容词 (necessary， right， likely ， unlikely ， wrong ， impor

5、tant， certain， clear， obvious， strange，normal 等 ) that 从句It is certain that most of the farmers have brought in more money by all means.(2) lt + be+名词(短语)(a pity , a shame, good news, a fact, an honour, a wonder, no wonder 等)+ that 从句It s no wonder that you ve achieved so much success.(3) It + be+过去

6、分词 (said, told , heard, reported, decided, suggested, advised, ordered, remembered , thought , considered ,well- known , announced 等)+ that 从句It is said that the professor has already succeeded in carrying out the experiment.(4) It +特殊动词 (seem , appear, happen , matter) + that 从句It happened to me th

7、at I had been away when he called.注意：在It is necessary , important , strange , natural+ that 从句”结构中，从句常用 “(should +)动词原形”形式。 (2)在 It+ be+ suggested , advised , ordered , requested , insisted , required + that 从句” 结构中,that 从句应用 “ (should )动词原形 ”。三、 宾语从句1 .动词的宾语从句(1) 大多数动词(hope , tell, say 等)可以带宾语从句。We

8、 all expect that they will win for members of their team are stronger.置。2I don t think you are right.I don t suppose he cares does he?(2) 动词 find feel think consider make believe 等后有宾语补足语时 则需要 it 作形式宾语而将 that 宾语从句后I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.有些动词带宾语从句时习惯上需要在宾语从

9、句前加it。这类动词(词组)有 hate, enjoy, like, love, dislike , see to等。I hate it when they talk with their mouths full.2 .一般情况下介词后只能用wh-类连接词引导宾语从句。We are talki ng about whether we admit stude nts into our club.注意：(1)where 引导的从句有时也可用作介词的宾语。We could see the temple quite clearly from where we lived.(2)that 引导的从句作介

10、词的宾语是很少有的,只有在 except, in, but 等介词后偶尔可能用到。Your composition is quite good except that the organization is a bit loose.3.sure, certain, glad, pleased, happy, surprised 等表示“情感”的形容词后也可带宾语从句。 Im sure that they will makeit in spite of the terrible weather.四、 表语从句1 .主句的主语是 idea, advice, suggestion, order, r

11、equest, requirement 等名词时,表语从句的谓语应用虚拟语气, 即“ (should+)动词原形”的形式。His suggestion is that we (should) change our course.2.主语为名词 reason 时，表语从句中的连接词要用 that,而不用 why 或becauseThe reason for such a serious accident is that the driver was too careless and drank too much.3.because, as if, as though, as, like 等连接词

12、也可引导表语从句。He has heart disease. That is because he has been smoking too much.五、 同位语从句 同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名词内容和实质的从句。1 .能接同位语从句的名词有： belief, fact, hope, idea, doubt, news, conclusion , suggestion, problem, order, answer,decision, explanation, information , thought 等。2 .同位语从句一般用that 引导，但也可以用连接代词(what, which

13、 , who)、连接副词(when , where, why , how)或whether 引导。I have no idea what has happened to him.3.有时同位语从句不紧跟在它所说明的某个名词后，而是被别的词隔开。The story goes that William Tell did kill the king with that sword.六、 名词性从句的几个难点1.that 通常不可省略的四种情况：(1) 引导主语从句， that 置于句首时不可省略。That he failed in the exam made his parents disappoi

14、nted.(2) 当一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时，引导第二个和以后几个从句的that 不可省略。I wished (that) we could go sighting in Hangzhou this summer and that we could buy some books on our way back inShanghai.在由 it 作形式宾语，that 引导的宾语从句中，that 也不可省略。He has made it clear that he wouldn t agree to the plan. 引导表语从句和同位语从句时，that 也不可省略。2.what 与

15、 that 的区别：what 在从句中充当一定成分并且具有特定含义“的人(地方、东西)等”；that 只起引导作用，在主语从句中不充当任何成分并且也没有含义。What he said was true.That he came late made the teacher angry.名词性从句强化训练1. Go and get your coat. Its _ you left it.A. thereB. whereC. there wereD.where there2._ the sports meet will be held depends on the weather.3A. When

16、 everB. IfC. WhetherD.That3.The problem is_ _ he has enough time.A. ifB. whetherC./D.that4. He made a promise_ he would help me.置。4A. whatB. whenC. thatD. whichI remember_ this used to be a quiet village.A. howB. whenC. whereD. whatThey lost their way in the forest and _ made matters worse was that

17、night began to fall.A. thatB. thisC. whatD. whichHe told me the news _ the Queen would visit China the next month.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. whenWhen the holidays were drawing near, I asked my American friends _ was the best way to travel in the United States.A. thatB. whatC. suchD. thatHe was lucky e

18、nough to sell his car for exactly _ .A. where he had paid for itB. what he had paid for itC. what he was paid for itD. which he had paid for itSometimes we are asked _ we think the likely result of an action will be.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. whether_ surprised me most was _ they had finished it so qu

19、ickly.A. What, whatB. That, thatC. What, thatThe reason why she couldn t come to the meeting was_A. becauseB. whichC. thatis called equality does not really mean equal rights for all people.B. thatC. whatD. oneAlthough he knew little about the work done in the field of physics, he succeeded _ other

20、experienced expertsfailed.A. whichB. that C. what D. whereFather made a promise _ I passed the examination he would buy me a bicycle.A. thatB. ifC. whetherD. that ifWhat I want to know is _ he likes the gift given by us.A. thatB. ifC. whetherD. 不填He wanted to make sure _ .A. how we went there by bus

21、 B. where did we goC. what did we go thereD. when we went there_ they won the game was _ we had expected.A. That; whichB. Whether; thatC. What; thatD. That; whatI really dont mind much _ they came to visit me or not.A. becauseB. whyC. whenD. whether.1.22.23

22、.24.25.26.They have not made any decision onA. that- Do you know him?- Yes, but I canA. whereB. whicht rememberB. whatMr. Blackthey are going to do to deal with the waste and control pollution.C. if D. whatI met him for the first time. Cthat D. ifs address is.- Do you know- He may live at No. 18 or

23、No. 19 of Bridge Street. Im not sure of _ .A. what; whichB. where; whichC. where ; whatD. what; whereThis old computer must have been of great use to _ did the scientific research.A. thoseB. whenC. whoeverD. whomever_ all the inventions have in common is _ they have succeeded.A. What; whatB. That; t

24、hatC. What; that- I rang you at about ten, but there was no reply.- Oh, that was probably _ I was seeing the doctor.A. whenB. whyC. whatMaria has to baby- sit. That sA. whyB. howshe cant come with us.C. whenD That; whatD. thatD. whatD. That, what she had notbeen invited.In some countries,A. which527

25、. The question came up at the meeting _ we had not enough money to do the research.A. whether B. that C. if D. what28._ we cant get seems better than _ we have.A. What; whatB. What; thatC. That; thatD. That; what29. _ surprised me most was _ he was too late for the important meeting, for he was chai

26、rman of it.A. What; whyB. That; howC. What; howD. That; why30. Although most of them have no doubt _ he will pass the exam, I still think there is something aboutreally got everything ready.A. whether; that B. that; whetherC. that; thatD. whether; whether31._ beat Xiao Wang black and blue is not kno

27、wn.A. Whom B. WhoeverC. WhoD. What32. It is generally considered unwise to give a child_ he or she wants.33. He was never satisfied with or proud of _ he had achieved.A. whatB. that C. whichget to the railway station?B. what I canC. how I can35. We don t knowA. this is whose dictionary B. whose dict

28、ionary is this C. whose dictionary this is D. whose is this dictionary36. The problem is _ we can finish the work within such a short time.A. thatB. whyC. howD. when37. _ the boy didn t take the medicine made his mother very angry.A. ThatB. WhatC. HowD. Which38. Each blind man believed _ he knew jus

29、t _ the elephant looked like.A. that; whatB. what; thatC. that; thatD. what; what39. It was by the roadside _ the six blind men sat quarrelling about the elephant.A. whenB. whichC. on whichD. that40. They have no idea at all _ .A. where he has goneB. where did he go C. which place had he gone D. where has he gone41. Do you know _ your parents are pleased _ you ve done?A. why; for whatB. how; with what C. that; with whichD. how; for what42. The reason _ he hasn t come is _ he has to look after his father.A. that; because B. why; becaus