《Module4GreatScientists(精)

1、Module 4 Great Scientists功Talking about numbers（谈论数字）1.Revisionofthepassive voice（复习 被动语 态）2.by+加g form（by+动词的zzg结构）14. clear vi（烟雾）消散15. educate“教育education加教育educator n.教育家16. agriculturen.农lkagricultural adj农业的17.originaladj.最初的originn.起点，开端18. pn）ducer半产者一producE丸生产production儿产M：19. graduate vi.

2、毕业graduation n.毕业graduatc n.毕业生2Q.explode W爆炸explosion况爆炸，爆炸声n3.publish w.出版4.supportW支持5.convert w.改变：转换6.export vt. Ill口7.replace w.取代；以.代替8.quantity数ht9.diagnose vt.诊断I O.victim n.受害者11强皿/简短的： 简洁 的12,personal曲/个人的13,escape W.逃跑：逃避巫点词汇及拓展名4.earn ones li惋ng谋生1.The key to doing sth.was/is to do sth.

3、做某事的关键是做2. Rice is the second most important crop.水稻是第二重要作物3.2/3 of the worlds population regularly eat rice世界人口 中有三分之二的人经常吃大米。要点一单词1. leadingadj.主要的，领先的归纳拓展(1 ) play a leading role/part in sth在某事中起主导作用(2 ) lead v:领导，带领lead to通向，通往，导致lead aIife过. 的座活(3 ) leadern.领袖，领导G育当寻勻网知识要点重点句型严AM.丄卍.5-come to p

4、ower鼻权6.bring来，引进7.wel done做得好8.be known1 -bring up培养；养育2.the重点短例句:The company is the leading software provider in the PCmarkets.这家公司是电脑市场上主要的软件供应商。The bank has offered a reward for any information leading tothe arrest of the men.银行悬赏情报，以便将这些人绳之以法。We are leading a happy life now.我们现在过着幸福的生活。One need

5、s to work hard to realize his or her dream, as thesaying goesuHard work_ success11.A. lies inB. results fromCeads toD.begins with【解析】考查动词短语辨析。lie in“在于”；resultfrom起因于.”，后面跟原因；lead to“専致；通往”；begin with11首先，起初”,句意为：一个人需要努 力工作来实现他/她的梦想,正如谚语所说的那样“努力工 作通往成功”。根据题意，选0【答案】C2. supportv.支持；支撑，供养门.支持，支援；给予帮助归纳

6、拓展(1 ) support sb.in sth.在.方面支持某人support on靠支撑(2 ) in support后备的，准备给予支援的in support of sb./sth.支持或支援某人/某事物come to ones support援助某人例句：We support the police whole-heartedly in their workagainst crime.我们全力支持警方打击犯罪活动。She n eeds a high in come to support such a large family.她需要一份高收入来养活这么一大家子。Thank you for

7、 all your support at this difficult time.谢谢你们在这个困难时刻所给予的一切帮助。Mr Wang spoke in support of the proposal.王先生发言支持该项提议。育羞寻勻网知识要.知识要点【链接训练】The proposal_ by a large majority of theteachers.A. was supportedB. was forC. was in favour of.supported【解析】句意为：这项提议得到了大多数老师的支持。 主语是theproposal,与support为动宾关系，故用被动语 态，答

8、案为A。B、C项属错误用法。【答案】A3. quantityn.量；数量归纳拓展(1 ) in quantity大量地a large/fair quantity of大量的large quantities of大量的；午多的(2 ) a quantity of后面跟可数名词复数，谓语动词用复 数；后面跟不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。large quantities of+可数名词复数/不可数名词，谓语动词 用复数。G育旁寻勻网WWW肓旁寻勻网Aquantity of money has been spent in bringing up his children=Quantities of mo

9、ney have been spent in bringing up hischildren.他在教育孩子方面花了许多钱。A. number;hasB. qua ntity;hasC. nu mber;haveD. qua ntity;have【廨析】a large number of后接复数名词，不能选为答 案,故排除A、C项；a large quantity of可修饰可数名词复 数或不可数名词，Ifs alotcheaper讦youbuyit inquantity.如果你大批量购买要便宜得多。desert是不可数名词，谓语动词要填haSo综上，选B。【答案】B5. graduate门.（

10、大学）毕业生；研究生v.（使）（大学）毕 业归纳拓展（1 ） graduate from从.毕业graduate in毕业于（某专业）graduate （from sthjto.从（某处）升级到.（2） graduate school研究生院，研究生时期（3 ） graduation门.毕业【链接训练】The burglar_ the prison and_beingsenten ced.A.escaped; escapedB.escaped from; escapedC.escaped; escaped fromD.escaped from; escaped away【解析1 escape

11、from意为“从.中逃出来”；escapedoing意为“避免做，逃避做”。根据题意，选B.【答案】B肓去寻勻网6. clearadj.清楚的；显然的；明白的 S扫除;清除;adv.清楚地；清晰地；完全地归纳拓展(1 ) make.clear讲清楚，弄明白keep clear of不接触，避开(2) clear away把. 清除掉，收拾clear off离去；迅速地离弄某地clear out除掉；整理clear up解释；整理；(天)放晴例句:I made it clear to him that I rejected his proposal.我清楚地告诉他我拒绝了他的建议OBefore

12、you start your work youd better clear up your desk,and this will make you work effectivel y在你开始工作以前你最好把桌子收拾干净这样会使你工 作看效率。The father told his son to clear away the earth in the garden.父亲告诉儿子把花园里的土运走。WWW【链接训练】It has been raining for three dayshope_A. it will clean upB. it will clear upC. it to be clea

13、red upD. it to be cleaned up【解析】句意为：接连下了三天的雨了。我希望天能很 快放晴。clearupu天放晴”，符合题意。C项表达错误;clean up“打扫干净”，乌题意不符。【答案】BG富旁寻勻网知识要点要点二短语1. earn ones living谋生归纳拓展earn a fortune挣大钱.make a/ones living谋生earn sb.praise/a reputation为某人赢得赞扬/名声例 句:He earned his liv/hg by singing on the street and got themoney from the p

14、assing people.他靠在街上唱歌从路过的人那里得到一些钱。The girl earned her living by writing to magazinesMF个 女孩靠给杂志写稿子谋生。Her perfectionism earned her a reputation as a difficult star.她力求完美的劲头给她带来了 “难缠”明星的名声。富圭寻勻网知识要.3. bring in招来，引进，请进；赚钱；收割庄稼归纳拓展bring along随身携带bring on导致；促成；使. 发展/进步bring forth生兀产生bring out使罢工，使显现；阐明；出版

15、例 句：Researchers were brought in from all over China to developthe new system.全国各地的研究者们被召集在一起开发新的水稻品种。Farmers in thesouth have also brought in good crops.南方的农民也获得好收成。The fine weather is bringing the crops on nicely.这样的好天气使庄稼更加茁壮成长。G育羞寻勻网知识要点【链接训练】Advaneed ways of management must be_ tomake things bet

16、ter.A. brought downB. brought inC. brought onD. brought up【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意为：必须引进先进的 管理方式夜事情变得更好。bring in意为引进”，与龜意相符。bring downu倒下，使落下”；bring onu导致, 促成”；bring upC培养，教育”。【答案】B【链接训练】After several years* research,scientists now have abetterunderstanding of the HIV.A. veryB. farC. fairlyD. quite【解析】从句子结构可

17、看出使用了比较级，而四个选项 中只有far能修饰比较级，故答案为B。【答案】Bwww.0 r *着.知识要点要点三句它的产量比巴基斯坦所种植的其他品种的水稻产童都要高得多.归纳拓展much修饰比较级，意为“得多”。常见的修饰比较级的词还有：alittle,abit,alot,rather,byfar,far,even,still,a ny等。例句:ShespeaksEnglishfarbetterthanherclassmates.她讲英语比她的同学好得多。Afterthefirstfailure,hestudiesevenhardernow.第一次 失败后，他学习更加努力了。八、Jp口1.复

18、习被动语态（1）各种时态的被动语态的构成例句:English is taught in most schools in China.中国大多数学校都教英语。（一般现在时）They were given a warm send oft他们受到热烈的欢送。（一般过去时）Hm afraid I am being followed.恐怕我被人跟踪了。（现在进行时）;肓旁宇勻网知识要点一般时态亠进行时态 2完成时态 Q现在 3am/is/are-H-1过去分词 2分词 Qhas/have-H- been+过去分词亠过去 3was/were-H-1过去分词 2was/w8re4being+过去分词心had

19、+been-H-过去分词心将来 QshalVwill+4- be+过去分词心shall/will+1have been+过去分词 9过去将来 ashould/wouldz be+过去分词 ashouldJwould2have been+3去分词 a;肓蚩宇勻网The case has recently been tried案子最近已经审过了。（现在完成时）Their wedding will be held in the church.他们的婚礼将在教堂里举行。（一般将来时）All the tickets had been sold out when they arrived.他们到达时，所有

20、的票已经售完了。（过去完成时）不及物动词充当句子的谓语动词吋，不能变被动语态。例句：We study hard.我们势力学习。动词have不论表示“有”，还是表示其他动作，虽是 及物动词，用于主动语态时可以带宾语，但不可变为被 动语态。例句：We have three meals a day.我们一天吃三餐。join, lack, mean, resemble, suit等。 勻止匕才刖以的look like,consist of, become of, belong to等不可变为被动 语态。例句:I think itll fit me quite well before long.我想它很

21、快就会适合我。4短语动词的被动语态：有些短语动词在意义上相当于 及物动词，所以也有被动语态。短语动词在主动结构申 是一个不可分割的词组，在被动结构中也是如此，不可 去掉后面的介词或副词。;肓蚩宇勻网例句:That old man was often laughed at.那位老人常受人嘲笑。例句:The plan ought to be put into practice as soon as possible.计划必须尽快执行。6带双宾语的动词的被动语态：由其中一个宾语作主 语，常为表示人的间接宾语。例 句:He was given some books.Some books were gi

22、ven （to ） him.有人给了他一些书。7带宾语补足语的动词的被动语态：由宾语作主语，原 来的宾语补足语变为主语补足语。彳列句：We elected him our monitor.我们选他当我们的班长。He was elected our monitor by us.他被我们选为班长。8不定式的被动语态主动句中的宾语如果是不带to的不定式，在变成被动句中 的主语补足语时，to不能省去。例句:She heard him sing a song just now.He was heard to sing a song just now.她听到他刚才唱了 一首歌。9被动语态和“连系动词be+

23、表语（过去分词）”的区别 被动语态表示动作，而连系动词be+表语（过去分词）”表示状态。例句：The door was locked by the monitor.门是班长锁的。（被动语态）The door was locked.离蚩宇勻网IT 1w . g k x x例吏要点G离圭宇勻网知识要点门锁着。（连系动词+表语）www 0 r * ar .1知识要点【链接训练】Many new opportunities and challenges_ inthe future for those with a university education.A. are openB. have been

24、 openedC. are open upD. will be opened up【解析】句意为：对那些受过高等教育的人来说，将来 新的机会和挑战是很多的。这是“动词+副词”结构，根 据句意，应该用将来时的被动语态，故选D。【答案】DO育蚩宇勻网r r ir g FJT;r 知识要点Thirty percent of Janes in come_ on clothingevery year.A. is spentB. had been spentC. is being spentD. has been spent【解析】句意为：简每年收入的百分之三十都花在衣服 上。Janesincome与spend之间是被动关系；注意时间 状语every year,所以购一般现在时的被动语态。【答案】AIf Newt