高中英语必修二第3讲：Unit4 Cyberspace-语法篇（教师版）

1、.Unit 4 Cyberspace 语法篇 _1、掌握will和be going to的用法区别。2、掌握虚拟语气的根本用法。一， will和be going to用法区别：1. will的用法will是情态动词，后接动词原形。常表示根据直觉、知识、经历等做出的揣测will表将来存在的状态、将要发生的动作或将来的经常性、习惯性动作，常与时间状语next week, tomorrow等连用。例：They will be doctors 5 years later. 五年后，他们将成为医生。Each time he comes to the city on business, he will v

2、isit his English teacher. 每次来这个城市出差，他都会拜访他的英语老师。I will go to Britain next week. 下星期我要去英国。事物固有的属性、特征或开展的必然趋势。例：It will become warm when spring comes. 当春天降临时，天气将变暖。Fish will die without water. 鱼儿分开水会死。说话时临时做出的决定。I hear Jim was injured in a car accident. He is in hospital now. 听说吉姆在一场交通事故中受伤了，如今在医院。The

3、n I will go to see him. 那我这就去看他。表示恳求和邀请，常用于第二人称。Will you come in and have a drink? 你愿意进来喝一杯吗？说话者对将来作出语言和揣测。You will be all right after taking this medicine. 吃过这药你就会好了。可以表意愿、意图、自愿或坚持做某事。Hell take you home. You only have to ask. 他愿意送你回家，你只要跟他说一声就行。2. be going to的用法打算，将要事先经过考虑或准备，打算最近或将来要做的事。What are y

4、ou going to be when you grow up? 等你长大，你想要成为什么？根据如今的迹象，预计要发生的事。The old man is so weak, he is going to die. 老人如此虚弱，他活不长了。3. will与be going to表将来时的区别be going to可用于表将来时的条件状语从句中，而will不行。错误：If you will play basketball, you have to finish your homework first. 正确：If you are going to play basket, you have to

5、finish your homework first. will可以用在带有条件状语从句的主句中表将来，而be going to不行。错误：If it is fine, we are going to go camping.正确：If it is fine, we will go camping.be going to表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will表示的将来时间那么更远一些。He is going to writhe a letter tonight. 他打算今晚写封信。He will write a book one day. 他打算将来写本书。will临时决定要做的事，be goi

6、ng to事先考虑要做的事。Why are you taking it out? 干嘛要把它拿出来？Im going to wash it. 我想把它洗一洗。Where is the telephone book? 簿在哪里？Ill get it for you. 我去给你拿。二， 虚拟语气1. if条件句中的虚拟语气与如今事实相反的虚拟语气：条件句谓语用“过去时be动词一般用were，主句谓语用“would/should/could/might+动词原形。If I saw him now, I would be very happy. 假如我如今见到他，我会很快乐的。与过去事实相反的虚拟语气

7、：条件句谓语用“过去完成时，主句谓语用“would/should/could/might+ have+过去分词。If he had followed my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job. 假如他当时承受我的建议，就不会丢掉他的工作了。与将来事实相反的虚拟语气：条件句谓语用“过去时或should/were to+动词原形，主句谓语用“would/should/could/might+ 动词原形。If it snowed/were to snow/should snow tomorrow, we would take photos. 假如明天下雪，我们就

8、照相。混合虚拟语气：主句和虚拟条件从句的动作发生时间不一致，此时，主句和从句的谓语动词要根据所指的不同时间选择各自适当的形式。If he hadnt hurt his leg in the last training, he would join in the coming World Cup, which he has been longing to compete in. 要是在上次训练中他的腿没受伤的话，他会参加他渴望已久的世界杯。含蓄虚拟语气：有时为了表达的需要，假设的情况并不以if条件句表现出来，而是通过but for, without, otherwise, or等介词、副词暗含在

9、上下文中。But for your help, it would have caused a serious loss. 要不是你的帮助，将会导致宏大损失。假设条件从句中有were, had, should，可把if省略，把were, had, should放在主句前，形成倒装。Had you taken my advice, you wouldnt have failed in the examination. 假如你听了我打建议，你就不会考试不及格了。2. 其他从句中的虚拟语气在名词性从句中，表示命令，建议，要求等一类动词后面的宾语从句中用虚拟语气。即一坚持insist；二命令order,

10、 command；三建议suggest, propose, advise；五要求require, request, demand, desire, urge + that+主语+should do。He insisted that he should be sent here. 他坚持他应该被派去那里。suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等名词的标语从句，同位语从句要用虚拟语气。wish后面所跟的宾语从句的虚拟语气对如今事实的虚拟：wish + 主语+动词过去式或wereI wish I knew where he lives. 我要是

11、知道他住在什么地方就好了。对过去事实的虚拟：wish + 主语+ had + 过去分词This watch has gone wrong, I wish I had bought a better make. 这只表坏了，我真希望我买的是好点的牌子。对将来事实的虚拟：wish + 主语+ would + 动词原形I wish you wouldnt leave your clothes all over the floor. 我真希望你不把衣服丢的满地都是。would rather的虚拟语气，表示“宁愿，但愿。Id rather you set out earlier tomorrow mor

12、ning. 我宁愿你明天早晨早点出发。It is high/about time that 的虚拟语气Its high time that you went to bed. 该是你睡觉的时间了。if only引导的虚拟语气，表示愿望。If only I had another chance. 要是我再有一次时机就好了。as if从句，看语境是否与事实相反而选择是否使用虚拟语气.She talked it again and again as if she would never end. 她反复议论那件事，好似永远也谈不完。例1. In the near future, more advanc

13、es in the robot technology _ by scientists.A. are makingB. are madeC. will makeD. will be made解析：句意：在不久的将来，科学家们将会在机器人技术方面获得更大的进步。考察动词的时态及语态。根据时间状语in the near future可以确定该句的时态为一般将来时，而句子的主语more advances和make之间是被动关系，即可推断出正确答案。答案：D。例 2. Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, _ visit Beijing thi

14、s summer.A. is going toB. are going to C. was going toD. were going to解析：句意：史密斯博士将在今年夏天和妻子，女儿们一起游览北京。由this summer可知本句应用一般将来时，故排除C和D。together with连接并列主语时谓语动词单复数应取决于其前面的主语，即可推断出正确答案。答案：A。例3.Maybe if I _ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help. A. studiedB. would studyC.

15、 had studiedD. was studying解析：句意：也许当时我学习的是理科而不是文科的话，那么我如今就可以给你更多的帮助了。此题考察虚拟语气。根据then一词可以确定此处表示与过去事实相反，故if引导的从句部分用had done。答案：C。例4. The doctor recommended that you _ swim after eating a large meal.A. wouldntB. couldntC. needntD. shouldnt解析：句意：医生建议你大量饮食后不要去游泳。Recommend后面的宾语从句谓语动词应该用“should + 动词原形。表示“命

16、令、建议、恳求、要求的动词后加宾语从句时，宾语从句的谓语动词需用“should + 动词原形。答案：D。例5. 2019北京101中学高三测试I think we are lost. Ive no idea where we are.I wish we_ the map with us. A. bringB. would bringC. have broughtD. had brought解析：句意：我认为我们迷路了。我不知道我们在哪儿，我多么希望我们随身带着地图啊。动词“wish后接宾语从句时，从句中的谓语动词需用虚拟语气；根据语境可知，此处是与过去事实相反的虚拟，所以谓语动词应用过去完成时

17、，即可推断出正确答案。答案：D。根底演练一，用括号里词的适当形式填空。1. By the time you have finished this book, your meal _ get cold.2. Dont worry. The hard work that you do now _ repay later in life.3. Ann is in hospital.Oh, really? I _ not know. I _ go and visit her.4. No judgment _ make about whether the man is guilty until the

18、whole case has been investigated.5. Remember to give your parents my regards when you _ phone home.6. My computer needs to be repaired. How much do you think it _ cost?7. Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _ have time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.8. She didnt come to the party last Sunda

19、y. If she _ come, she must have made the party more exciting.9. If we _ book a table earlier, we wouldnt be standing here in a queue.10. We _ put Johns name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.Keys：一，1. will get2. will be repaid3. didnt, will go4. will be made5. phone6. will cost7.

20、had8. had come9. had booked10. would have put稳固进步一，单项选择。1. If we _ adequate preparation, the conference wouldnt have been so successful.A. havent madeB. wouldnt makeC. didnt makeD. hadnt made2. Had they known what was coming next, they _ second thoughts.A. may haveB. could haveC. must have hadD. mig

21、ht have had 3. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but Id rather he _ more on its culture.A. focusB. focusedC. would focusD. had focused4. Goodbye, John. Come back again sometime.Sure, _.A. I didB. I do C. I shallD. I will5. Close the door of fear behind you, and you _ the do

22、or of faith open before you.A. sawB. have seenC. will seeD. are seeingKeys：1-5 DDBDC一，单项选择。1. 2019北京海淀高三第一学期期末The zookeeper was really annoyed with me.I think so. We _ the Botanical Garden then.A. didnt throwB. dont throwC. hadnt thrownD. havent thrown2. 2019北京西城高三第一学期期末Peter would have the chance t

23、o present his talents in the competition now if he _ last term. A. signed upB. had signed upC. signs upD. has signed up3. 2019北京东城高三第一学期期末The world today _ different without the amazing discoveries produced by great scientists.A. WereB. had beenC. would beD. would have been4. 2019北京石景山高三第一学期期末We _ t

24、he sunshine in Sanya now if it were not for the delay of our flight. A. were enjoyingB. would have enjoyedC. would be enjoyingD. will enjoy 5. What did you suggest_ , Joan?I suggested _ her father for his opinion. A. her doing, to askB. she did; asking C. her to do; to askD. she do; asking6. Im feel

25、ing sorry that my mother died of cancer. Now if I _ a millionaire, I _ a hospital for those with cancer. A. had been; would have opened B. were; would open C. was; would open D. an; will open7. Gold is _ worth $400 a liang, but I can buy it at a lower price.A. officially B. personally C. absolutely

26、D. well8. Later, the war made _ impossible for England to send those bad people who broke law to North America.A. thisB. it C. thatD. one9. The children are very quiet; I wonder what they are up_ .A. againstB. forC. toD. with10. Julia and Paul are getting married!Oh, _. A. how exciting!B. how excite

27、d! C. it doesnt sound excitingD. it sounds excited11. Today 85% of the Australian population_ in the great cities _ around the coast.A. lives; locatingB. lived; locating C. living; locatedD. live; located12. All the towns and villages down by the Huaihe River _ many times by the end of last month.A.

28、 have been floodedB. had been flooded C. have floodedD. had flooded13. Robberies often happen around the hospital. A nurse was walking home last Sunday night when she _.A. was to be attackedB. had got attacked C. was going to attackD. got attacked14. The kind manager treats his workers _ they were h

29、is children.A even ifB. as ifC. thoughD. as 15. The accident could have been much worse; fortunately no _ was done to the boy. A. stressB. harmC. needD. helpKeys:一，1-15 CBCCD BABCA DBDBB_一， 阅读理解。Canada is a very large country. It is the second largest country in the world. By contrast it has a very

30、small population. There are only about 29 million people there. Most Canadians are of British or French origin, and French is an official language of Canada as well as English. About 45% of the people are of British origin, that is, they or their parents or grandparents, etc, come from Britain. Near

31、ly 30% are of French origin. Most of the French-Canadians live in the province of Quebec.Over the years, people have come to live in Canada from many countries in the world. They are from most European countries and also from China, besides other Asian countries.However, Canada was not an empty coun

32、try when the Europeans began to arrive. Canadian Indians lived along the coast, by the rivers and lakes and in forests. Today there are only about 350 000 Indians in the whole country, with their own languages. In the far north live the Inuit. There are only 27 000 Canadian-Inuit. Their life is hard

33、 in such a difficult climate. 1. About _ live in Quebec. A.30% of the French-Canadians B.45% of the Canadians C.29 000 000 people D.8 700 000 French-Canadians 2. The official languages of Canada are _. A. English and Chinese B. French and English C. Indian and English D. Chinese and Inuit 3. The wor

34、d “origin in this passage means _. A.血统B.后裔 C.先驱D.猿人 4. Which of the following is true according to this passage? A. There are 27 000 Canadian-Indians in Canada. B. More than 13 million people have come from Britain and France in recent years.C. There are 30% of the population whose parents or grand

35、parents come from France. D. There are no people when the Europeans began to arrive in Canada. 二，完型填空。We spent a day in the country, picking wild flowers._1_ the car full of flowers we were going home. On our way back my wife noticed a cupboard outside a furniture shop. It was tall and narrow.“_2_ i

36、t, my wife said at once. Well carry it home on the roof rack行李架.I've always wanted one like that.What could I do? Ten minutes later I was 20 _3_ ,and the cupboard was tied onto the roof rack. It _4_ six feet long and eighteen inches square, quite heavy, too.In the gathering darkness I drove slow

37、ly. Other drivers seemed unusually _5_that evening. The police even stopped traffic to let us through .Carrying furniture was a good idea.After a time my wife said, Theres a long line of cars _6_.Why don't they pass us, I wonder? In fact a police car did pass. The two officers inside shouted at

38、us seriously as they passed. But then with great kindness, they led us through the rush hour traffic. The police car stopped_7_ our village church. One of the officers came to me.“Right, sir, he said.“ Do you need any more help? I was a bit _8_ . “Thanks, officer, I said, “You have been very kind. I

39、 live just beside the road.Then he watched our car; first the flowers, then the cupboard. “Well, well, he said, laughing. “It's a cupboard you've got there! We thought it was_9_ else.My wife began to laugh. Then the _10_ struck me like a stone between the eyes. I laughed at he officer. “Yes, its a cupboard, but thanks. I drove as fast as I could, still thinking over this funny experience. 1. A. FillingB. MakingC. OnD. With 2. A. BuyB. HoldC. Make D. Own 3. A. shorterB. less C. fewer D. poorer 3. A. lookedB. measuredC. appeared D. seemed 4. A. carefulB. politeC