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1、人教课标版人教课标版 高一高一 必修必修 4Unit 3 1.humour n. (U) a sense of humour 幽默感幽默感 no sense of humour 没有幽默感没有幽默感 humourous adj. 幽默的,诙谐的幽默的,诙谐的 humourless adj. 缺乏幽默感的缺乏幽默感的 2. verbal adj. verbal explanation 口头解释口头解释 nonverbal 非语言的,不用语言的非语言的,不用语言的 3. depressed adj. depression n. (U) depressing adj. 令人沮丧的令人沮丧的1. He

2、 made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed, so they could feel more content with their lives. 每当人们感到失望的时候他总能令人每当人们感到失望的时候他总能令人发笑,因而他们对自己的生活更满足。发笑,因而他们对自己的生活更满足。1) content (adj.): satisfied, happy, not wanting more 满足,满意,知足。满足,满意,知足。 常见搭配:常见搭配:be content with sth. be content to do sth. 如:如

3、:Are you content with your present salary? 你对你现在的工资待遇满意吗?你对你现在的工资待遇满意吗?She is quite content to stay at home looking after her children. 她待在家里照顾孩子感到非常知足。她待在家里照顾孩子感到非常知足。2) content (vt.)使满意使满意, 使满足使满足 content sb./oneself with sth. 使使满足于满足于 如:如:I content myself with a glass of coffee everyday.3) conten

4、t (n.): 所含之物,内容所含之物,内容1). Simple praise is enough to _ him.2). I like the style of the book but I dont like the _.3). She _ _ _ (感到感到非常满足非常满足) stay at home looking after her children. contentcontentis/was content to 3. You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could s

5、peak and dance as soon as he could walk. 令人感到震惊的是,当查理会说话令人感到震惊的是,当查理会说话和走路的时候就被教唱歌和跳舞。和走路的时候就被教唱歌和跳舞。1) it在句中作形式宾语,在句中作形式宾语,that 从句才是从句才是真正的宾语。当动词不定式作句子真正的宾语。当动词不定式作句子的宾语,同时有一个形容词同宾语的宾语,同时有一个形容词同宾语在一起时,常用在一起时,常用it作形式宾语。如:作形式宾语。如: Ill make it my business to help her. 我会把帮助她作为我的责任。我会把帮助她作为我的责任。 Do you

6、 consider it wise to tell them about it? 你觉得告诉他们明智吗?你觉得告诉他们明智吗? We consider it useless arguing with him on that point. 我们认为在那点上与他争论是没有我们认为在那点上与他争论是没有用的。用的。2) 句中的句中的astonishing为动词的为动词的-ing形式形式作宾语补足语。作宾语补足语。 astonish:vt. to surprise sb. greatly 使(某人)吃惊,使(某人)吃惊, 震惊。比震惊。比surprise的语气要强。的语气要强。 如:如:The ear

7、thquake astonished me. 地震使我惊慌失措。地震使我惊慌失措。astonishing adj. 令人吃惊的令人吃惊的 astonishment n. 惊异;惊愕;惊奇惊异;惊愕;惊奇 be astonished+ at (by) /to do/that 被被惊吓惊吓/惊讶地做惊讶地做/惊讶(某事的发生)惊讶(某事的发生)in astonishment 愕然,愕然, 吃惊地吃惊地 to ones astonishment 令令惊异的是惊异的是She stared at me _ _. 她吃惊地瞪着我她吃惊地瞪着我She _ _ _ _ he was drunk. 发现他喝醉了

8、发现他喝醉了, 她很吃惊。她很吃惊。He _ much _ _ you had failed. 你居然失败,他大感惊讶。你居然失败,他大感惊讶。I _ _ _ the news. 这消息使我大吃一惊。这消息使我大吃一惊。was astonished to findwasastonished thatwas astonished at/byin astonishment_ _ _, the little boy swam across the river. 令我们惊奇的是那小男孩居然游过了令我们惊奇的是那小男孩居然游过了那条河。那条河。To our astonishment4. Unfortun

9、ately his father died, leaving the family even worse off, 不幸的是,他父亲去世了,这令到这不幸的是,他父亲去世了,这令到这 个家庭更加潦倒。个家庭更加潦倒。badly off: in a poor position, esp. financially 潦倒,穷困,其反义词是潦倒,穷困,其反义词是well off,句中的,句中的worse off 为其比较级为其比较级形式。形式。 如:如:链接链接: be well off 富裕的,处境好的富裕的,处境好的 be worse off 情况带坏,恶化情况带坏,恶化 be better off

10、 (尤指经济尤指经济)境况较好境况较好 他们贫穷得根本谈不上度假。他们贫穷得根本谈不上度假。 They are too badly off to go for a holiday. 实际上现在大多数人都比五年前要富裕。实际上现在大多数人都比五年前要富裕。 In fact most people are better off than they were five years ago.我去她家一看,发现她的生活状况比我的我去她家一看,发现她的生活状况比我的更差。更差。 I went to her home and found her living condition was _ _ _ _.我们

11、不应该因为穷而叫苦连天我们不应该因为穷而叫苦连天-许多人的许多人的家境更糟。家境更糟。 worse off than mineWe shouldnt complain about being poor -many families are much worse off. entertain vt招招(款款)待;给待;给娱娱(快快)乐乐 vi招待,招待,请客请客 He cut off a bunch of grapes to entertain us 他剪下一串葡萄招待我们。他剪下一串葡萄招待我们。 )The child entertained himself with his building

12、 blocks孩子在搭积木玩。孩子在搭积木玩。 I like to entertain friends with music and refreshments at home 我喜欢在家里用音乐和茶点招待朋友。我喜欢在家里用音乐和茶点招待朋友。 归纳拓展归纳拓展 entertainment n娱乐娱乐 entertaining adj.有趣的,娱乐的,使有趣的,娱乐的,使人愉快的人愉快的 entertain sb with sth用用使某人快乐使某人快乐 entertain sb to sth用用招待某人招待某人 give an entertainment to sb招待某人招待某人5. He

13、 grew more and more popular as his charming character, the little tramp, became known throughout the world. 随着他所塑造的随着他所塑造的“小流浪汉小流浪汉”的角色世的角色世界闻名,他变得越来越受欢迎。界闻名,他变得越来越受欢迎。 1) character的用法:的用法: a. a person in a novel, play, film etc. 人物。人物。 如:如: 这部小说的主人公叫什么名字?这部小说的主人公叫什么名字? Whats the name of the major c

14、haracter in this novel? b. the quality that makes sb./sth. different from other people/things; the nature of sb./sth. (个人、集体、民族(个人、集体、民族等特有的)品质;特性。如:等特有的)品质;特性。如: Although they are twins, their characters are quite different. 虽然他们是双胞胎,但性格却相差甚远。虽然他们是双胞胎,但性格却相差甚远。 She is a woman of good character. 她是个

15、性格很好的女人。她是个性格很好的女人。throughout prep. 1)(表示地区)遍及(表示地区)遍及, 整个整个 如:如:这家公司的分店遍及全国。这家公司的分店遍及全国。 The company has branches throughout the country.2)(表示时间)整个,从头到尾(表示时间)整个,从头到尾 如:如: It rained throughout the day. 雨下了一整天。雨下了一整天。 He led a poor life throughout his life. 他一生过着穷苦的生活。他一生过着穷苦的生活。throughout adv. 1) 整个

16、地,在所有各处,全部,如:整个地,在所有各处,全部,如: The hill was green throughout. 那座山整个都是绿的。那座山整个都是绿的。 2) 自始至终,到最后自始至终,到最后 如:如: She remained silent throughout. 她从头到尾都保持沉默。她从头到尾都保持沉默。6. The tramp, a poor, homeless man with a moustache, wore large trousers, worn-out shoes and a small round black hat. 那流浪者是一位穷苦的无家可归的人,那流浪者是

17、一位穷苦的无家可归的人,留着胡子,穿着大裤子,破鞋子,头留着胡子,穿着大裤子,破鞋子,头顶着黑色的小圆帽。顶着黑色的小圆帽。homeless adj. 无家可归的无家可归的 -less是表示否定意义的形容词后缀是表示否定意义的形容词后缀, 加加在某些名词的后面构成否定意义的形在某些名词的后面构成否定意义的形容词。类似的容词。类似的 如:如:helpless 无助的,无依无靠的无助的,无依无靠的careless 粗心的,轻率的粗心的,轻率的childless 没有儿女的没有儿女的harmless 无害的,无损害的;无害的,无损害的; 没有恶意的,无邪的没有恶意的,无邪的ceaseless 不断的

18、,不停的不断的,不停的countless 数不尽的,无数的数不尽的,无数的tireless 不会疲倦的,不知疲倦的,不会疲倦的,不知疲倦的, 不休止的不休止的worn-out adj.1)(衣类、机器等)磨破的;磨损(衣类、机器等)磨破的;磨损 的;用旧的的;用旧的 如:如: worn-out shoes 穿旧的鞋穿旧的鞋2) 精疲力尽的;憔悴的(一般不用在精疲力尽的;憔悴的(一般不用在 名词前)名词前) 如:如: She looks worn-out. 她看起来憔悴不堪。她看起来憔悴不堪。I was so worn-out after running.跑完步之后,我已经筋疲力尽。跑完步之后,

19、我已经筋疲力尽。He often wears a worn-out coat.他常穿一件破烂不堪的大衣。他常穿一件破烂不堪的大衣。 a worn-out coat 一件穿破的大衣一件穿破的大衣a worn out automobile 一辆破旧的汽车一辆破旧的汽车A worn out age 风烛残年风烛残年 7. This character was a social failure but he was loved for his optimism and determination to overcome all difficulties. 这个角色是个社会生活中的失败者这个角色是个社会

20、生活中的失败者, 但是他战胜困难的乐观和决心使得但是他战胜困难的乐观和决心使得他被所有看电影的人所喜爱。他被所有看电影的人所喜爱。1) failure n. a. a person or a thing that fails 失败;失败者失败;失败者 如:如: She said she was a failure as a manager. 她说她是一个失败的经理。她说她是一个失败的经理。 His first attempt at ice-skating was a failure. 他第一次尝试滑冰很糟糕。他第一次尝试滑冰很糟糕。b. lack of success失败;不成功。如:失败;不

21、成功。如: 我所有的努力都以失败告终。我所有的努力都以失败告终。 All of my efforts ended in failure. 失败是成功之母。失败是成功之母。 Failure is the mother of success.2) overcome v. 过去式过去式overcame; 过去过去分词分词overcome 意为意为“克服(困难克服(困难等);打败(敌人等)等);打败(敌人等)”。如:。如:He overcame a bad habit.他克服了一项恶习。他克服了一项恶习。短语:短语:be overcome with/by 被被(悲哀、恐怖等)打倒,(悲哀、恐怖等)打倒

22、, 因为因为而崩溃而崩溃/垮掉。如:垮掉。如:She was overcome with/by grief. 她因为悲伤而崩溃了。她因为悲伤而崩溃了。 8. Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they were spaghetti. Then he cuts off the leather top of the shoe as if it were the finest meat. 他首先吃起鞋带,就像吃意大利面条他首先吃起鞋带,就像吃意大利面条 一样。然后他把鞋子上端的皮子切下一样。然后他把鞋子上端的皮子切下 来,就像

23、切下一块最好的肉。来,就像切下一块最好的肉。1) pick out a. (从同类当中从同类当中) 选出选出;选择;选择 如:如: She picked out a pink dress for her daughter. 她给女儿挑了粉红色的衣服。她给女儿挑了粉红色的衣服。 b. (在许多人当中在许多人当中)看出;辨认出看出;辨认出 如:如: Can you pick out your mother in this crowd? 你能在人群中找到你母亲吗?你能在人群中找到你母亲吗?拓展与拓展与pick有关的短语有关的短语:pick off 摘取摘取pick oneself up(倒下的人)站

24、起来(倒下的人)站起来pick up 拾起,(车,船)搭载客人拾起,(车,船)搭载客人驾车去接(人),接收(信号,广驾车去接(人),接收(信号,广播、电视节目),学会(语言)播、电视节目),学会(语言)pick up with 在偶然机会认识(人)在偶然机会认识(人)2) spaghetti (源自意大利语)意大利式细面条(源自意大利语)意大利式细面条3) cut off a. to separate by cutting it from the main part 切下;割下,砍下。如:切下;割下,砍下。如: 她的小指是在工厂的一次事故中被她的小指是在工厂的一次事故中被 切掉的。切掉的。 H

25、er little finger was cut off in an accident at the factory. b. to interrupt sb. speaking on the phone by breaking the connection切断电话线使某人通话中断。如:切断电话线使某人通话中断。如:我们的通话被切断了。我们的通话被切断了。 We were cut off in the middle of our conversation. 归纳总结归纳总结cut across 走捷径;走近路走捷径;走近路cut down 砍倒;砍伤;削减,缩减砍倒;砍伤;削减,缩减cut in

26、 插嘴插嘴cut out 剪除;切掉;删掉,省掉剪除;切掉;删掉,省掉cut up 切碎切碎cut open 切开切开cut through 凿穿凿穿 考例考例 He was in hospital for six months. He felt as if he was _ from the outside world. (北京北京)A. cut out B. cut off C. cut up D. cut through点拨点拨 本题考查本题考查cut短语辨析。短语辨析。cut off “隔离,使孤立隔离,使孤立”, 符合题意。符合题意。cut out 删掉;删掉;cut up切碎;切碎

27、;cut through穿过。穿过。4) 该句中该句中treating it as if it were the finest meat用作状语。用作状语。as if相当于相当于as though,意为意为“就像就像似的;仿佛似的;仿佛似的似的”,用来引导方式状语从句,从句中应用虚用来引导方式状语从句,从句中应用虚拟语气。拟语气。归纳总结归纳总结_是是as if引导的方式状引导的方式状语从句,从句中用了语从句,从句中用了_,表示与现在事实相反表示与现在事实相反的情况。的情况。as if的意思是的意思是“_”,与与_ 相同。用在相同。用在look,seem,smell,taste,sound等系

28、动词等系动词后面,引导表语从句;也可用在行为动词之后,后面,引导表语从句;也可用在行为动词之后, 引引导方式状语从句。无论是何种从句导方式状语从句。无论是何种从句,当其所当其所表示的情表示的情况是事实或具有很大可能性时,通常用陈述语气况是事实或具有很大可能性时,通常用陈述语气;当当其所表示的情况其所表示的情况不是事实不是事实,而是而是主观的想像或夸大性主观的想像或夸大性的比喻时的比喻时,通常用通常用虚拟语气虚拟语气。as if they were spaghetti虚拟语气虚拟语气好像好像,仿佛仿佛as though看看那些乌云,好象天就要下雨。看看那些乌云,好象天就要下雨。 Look at

29、the clouds. It looks as if it is going to rain. 此外,此外,as if后还可直接跟不定式。后还可直接跟不定式。如:如:他开口好像要说话。他开口好像要说话。He opened his mouth as if to speak. 9. He eats each mouthful with great enjoyment. 他一口一口地嚼得津津有味。他一口一口地嚼得津津有味。mouthful n. 一口;满口一口;满口 ful为形容为形容词后缀,加在名词之后,词后缀,加在名词之后, 表示表示“充充满的满的”的意思。如的意思。如: He took a m

30、outhful of the bitter medicine and made a face. 他喝了一口苦药,做了个鬼脸。他喝了一口苦药,做了个鬼脸。 I felt so full that I couldnt eat another mouthful. 我太饱了,我太饱了, 一口也吃不下了。一口也吃不下了。 短语:短语:at a mouthful 一大口一大口类似的如:类似的如: handful 一撮,一把一撮,一把 a handful of sand 一把沙子一把沙子 cupful 一满杯一满杯 two cupfuls of milk 两杯牛奶两杯牛奶 spoonful 一匙;满匙一匙;

31、满匙 two spoonfuls of sugar 两匙糖两匙糖houseful 满屋;一屋子满屋;一屋子armful (单臂或双臂)一抱之量(单臂或双臂)一抱之量 an armful of books 一抱的书一抱的书 convince v使相信,使信服,说服使相信,使信服,说服 convincing adj. 令人信服的令人信服的 convinced adj. 确信的,信服的确信的,信服的 归纳拓展归纳拓展 convince sb of 使某人承认,使某人信服使某人承认,使某人信服 be convinced that (某人确信)(某人确信) 我确信他知道事实。我确信他知道事实。 I wa

32、s convinced that he knew the truth 花费了许多个小时法庭才相信他有罪。花费了许多个小时法庭才相信他有罪。 It took many hours to convince the court of his guilt10. Chaplin wrote, directed, and produced the films he starred in. 卓别林自制、自导、自编一些他自演卓别林自制、自导、自编一些他自演 的电影。的电影。1) direct在句中意为在句中意为“导演导演”,此,此 外,它还有其它意思。外,它还有其它意思。 a. adj. 直的;直线的;直达的

33、直的;直线的;直达的 如:如:此地没有直达太原的火车。此地没有直达太原的火车。 There is no direct train from here to Taiyuan.a direct road to London 直通伦敦的路直通伦敦的路fly in a direct line直线飞行直线飞行b. adj. 坦白的;率直的。坦白的;率直的。 如:如: He has a direct way of speaking. 他说话坦白。他说话坦白。 He gave me a direct answer. 他给我率直的回答。他给我率直的回答。 (1)direct sb.to do sth.指示某人

34、做某事指示某人做某事 direct sb.to a place告诉某人去某地告诉某人去某地 (2)in the direction of.朝朝方向方向 under the direction of.在在指导下指导下 in all directions (=in every direction) 朝四面八方朝四面八方 (3)directly adv.直接地直接地即学即用即学即用(1)下一班飞机不直飞罗马,要经过巴黎。下一班飞机不直飞罗马,要经过巴黎。 The next flight doesnt go _ to Rome. It goes by way of Paris.(2)听到枪声,鸟儿四处

35、飞去。听到枪声,鸟儿四处飞去。 At the sound of the gun, the birds flew _ _. directlyinall directions2) star(在电影中)主演,由(在电影中)主演,由主演;主演;以以为主角为主角 如:如: The director wants to star Jim in his new film. 这位导演想让吉姆主演他的新片。这位导演想让吉姆主演他的新片。 She has starred in a lot of good films. 她主演了许多好电影。她主演了许多好电影。 particular adj./n. particula

36、rly adv. be particular about sb./sth. 对对挑剔挑剔 particularly = in particular 特别地,特别地,尤其地尤其地 比尔穿衣服很挑剔。比尔穿衣服很挑剔。 Bill is very particular about his clothing . 特别是,她们寻找可能导致死亡的症状。特别是,她们寻找可能导致死亡的症状。 In particular, they looked for symptoms that might lead to death. slide (slid; slid) slide on 在在表面滑行表面滑行 slide

37、 down 顺着顺着下滑下滑 slide into 不知不觉陷入不知不觉陷入/悄悄溜进悄悄溜进 (对应(对应: slide out of ) 她从教室里悄悄地溜走了。她从教室里悄悄地溜走了。 She slid out of the classroom. 他不知不觉地染上了坏习惯他不知不觉地染上了坏习惯 He has slid into bad habits. 归纳总结归纳总结whisper _。whisper to sb.向某人低声说向某人低声说give sb.the whisper对某人耳语;给某人以暗示对某人耳语;给某人以暗示whisper sth.in ones ear在某人耳旁小声说在

38、某人耳旁小声说in a whisper=in whispers=in a low voice耳语地,低声地耳语地,低声地It is/was whispered that.据秘密传闻据秘密传闻n.耳语,私语;耳语,私语;vt.低语,小声说低语,小声说即学即用即学即用(1)我低声告诉他们我所看到的情况。我低声告诉他们我所看到的情况。 I _ told them what I had seen.(2)他私下告诉了我这个消息。他私下告诉了我这个消息。 He _ me.in a whisperwhispered the news toI. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首

39、字母或汉语提示,写出该单词的正确形式。或汉语提示,写出该单词的正确形式。1. A _ (表演者表演者) should care for his / her audience.2. He had a _ (胡须胡须), short dark hair, and he wore glasses.3. He made a rude _ (手势手势) with his fingers. performermoustachegesture4. The book describes the way of life of the _ (普通的普通的) people.5. As the saying goes

40、, f_ is the mother of success.6. From animals we get such materials as wool, silk, l_ and furs.ordinaryfailureleather II. 用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空。用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空。1. Judging from his expression, he was _ (content) with his work.2. The car rushed at an _ (astonish) speed.3. _ (unfortunate), I hurt my leg when

41、 I fell down on the ice.4. Im _ (bore) with the subject anyway.contentastonishingUnfortunately bored5. We took pity on the _ (home) girl and took her into our house.6. My clothes are _ (wear out) and I have to mend them.7. There is no difficulty in the world that cannot be _ (overcome).8. She sat th

42、ere, _ (chew) a piece of gum.homelessworn out overcomechewing9. No one has come up with a _ (convince) explanation of why this kind of animal is dying out.10. The play was _ (direct) by a very famous director.11. The whole family were proud of his _ (outstand) performance.12. When he read the book a second time, he found it _ (entertain).convincingdirectedoutstandingentertainingIII. 用适当的介词或副词填空。用适当的介词或副词填空。1. Society is made up of a variety of people; some are good, some are bad, and still som

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