高一英语新课标必修2unit1知识点

1、单元知识梳理和能力组合知识盘点 重点词汇1.survive幸存，经历而活着 2.amaze 使惊讶 3.select精选 4.design设计 5.fancy奇异的 6.style风格 7.remove除去 8.doubt怀疑 9.reception接待 10.light点燃 11.wonder惊奇 12.evidence证据 13.trial尝试；审判 14.explode爆炸 15.sink下沉 16.debate辩论 短语1. belong to属于 2. in search of搜寻 3. in return作为回报 4. at war交战 5.take apart拆开 6. thin

2、k highly of高度评价 7. be used to do被用来做 8. rather than而不是 9. more than不仅仅 10. less than少于 11. care about在乎 12. add to增加 13. agree with同意 14. see for oneself亲自看 15.at that time在那时 16.serve as充当 17. by the light of 借着的光 18. be designed for 为而设计 19.no doubt 无疑 20. the entrance to 通往的入口句型1. There is no dou

3、bt that: 毫无疑问，2. It takes somebody some time to do something. 做某事花某人多长时间3. This was a time when在这个时期4. It can be proved that可以证明，5. cant have done something不可能做过某事能力拓展1. Is it enough to have survived for a long time? 已经存在很久就够了吗？survive vi/vt比.活得长； 经历.后依然活着; 经受得住(1)Her parents died in the accident, b

4、ut she survived. 她的父母死于车祸，而她却幸免于难。 (2)These plants cannot survive in very cold conditions. 这些植物不能在寒冷的条件下存活。(3)The family are struggling to survive on very little money. 这家人靠着很少的钱艰难度日。(4)He is the only one of the soldiers who survived the war. 他是唯一一个从那场战争中幸存下来的战士。(5)The house survived the storm. 经过暴风

5、雨袭击, 这所房屋并未倒塌。survivor n. 幸存者There was only one survivor from / of the plane crash. 这次空难只有一名幸存者。survival n. 幸存 His only chance of survival was a heart transplant. 唯有心脏移植手术才能使他活下来。2. IN SEARCH OF THE AMBER ROOM 寻找琥珀屋search v, n.verb: sth for sth/sb 搜查某物以寻找某人或某物(1)Police are still searching the woods

6、for the missing girl. 警察在搜索森林寻找失踪女孩。 (2)Firefighters searched the building for survivors. 消防战士搜查大楼寻找幸存者。 sb for sth 搜查某人以寻找某物The police searched her for drugs. 警察搜查她，看她身上是否有毒品。 for sth/sb 寻找某物或某人(1)She searched in vain for her passport. 她寻找护照，但是没找到。(2)Ive searched high and low for my lost pen. 我到处寻找

7、丢失的钢笔。noun： for sb/sth 搜寻某人或某物(1)a search for a missing plane 搜寻失踪的飞机(2)She went into the kitchen in search of (= looking for) a drink. 她进入厨房找饮料喝。(3)Some birds fly south in search of winter sun. 一些鸟飞往南方寻觅冬季阳光。(4)The search for a cure goes on. 对治疗方法的寻找在进行着。(5)The police carried out /made a thorough s

8、earch of the rooms, but they failed to find any drugs. 警方彻底地搜查了那些房间，但没有找到任何毒品。3. The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days. 琥珀屋的设计是当时流行的奇特风格。design v, nverb: sth 设计 (1)to design a car / a dress / an office 设计汽车，连衣裙，办公室 (2)a badly designed kitchen一间设计很差的厨房(3)He designed and

9、built his own house. 他设计建造了自己的家。be design ed for sth / be designed as sth / be designed to do 为某目的或用途而设计制造(1)The gloves are designed for extremely cold climates. 这些手套是为严寒地区设计制造的。(2)This course is designed as an introduction to the subject. 这门课程是作为该科目的入门课而开设的。(3)The programme is designed to help peop

10、le who have been out of work. 这个项目是为帮助失业的人而开设的。noun: (1)She had designs on his money. 她觊觎他的钱财。(2)We dont know if it was done by accident or by design. 我们不知道那件事是偶然的还是故意的。4. She told her artists to add more details to it. 她让她的艺术家们给琥珀屋增加一些细节。add v. sth (to sth) 添加，增加Shall I add your name to the list? 我

11、把你的名字加到名单上，好吗？ A to B / A and B together 加(1) Add 9 to the total. 在总数上加9。(2) If you add 5 and 5 together, you get 10. 5加5 得10。 sth (to sth) 补充说，又说(1) I have nothing to add to my earlier statement. 我对先前说的话没什么要补充的。(2) “And dont be late,”she added. 她补充说，“别迟到了！”(3) He added that he would return a week l

12、ater. 他补充说他过一周就回来了。add to sth 增加The bad weather added to our difficulties. 坏天气增加了我们的困难。add sth up 加起来Add up all the money I owe you. 把我欠你的钱加起来。add up to sth 加起来等于，等于说(1) The numbers add up to exactly 100. 这些数加起来正好是100。(2) His long answer just adds up to a refusal. 他说那么多实际等于是拒绝。5. The Russians were a

13、ble to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room. 俄罗斯人民从琥珀屋移走了一些家具和小艺术品。remove v. sth/sb from sth 将某物或某人从某处移开(1)He removed his hand from her shoulder. 他把放在她肩上的手移开了。(2)You should remove your hat in the church. 在教堂里你应该脱帽。(3)He removed the mud from his shoes. 他去掉鞋上的泥。(4)That offic

14、er was removed from his position. 那位军官被免职了。 sth 消除，使消失(1)to remove problems / difficulties / objections 解决问题，克服困难，消除反对意见(2)The news removed any doubts about the companys future. 这个消息消除了人们对公司的未来的疑虑。(3)It was impossible to remove the stains from the tablecloth. 这些污渍不可能从桌布上除掉。removal n. 移动,调动,迁移,排除;免职(

15、1)removal of an official 一位官员的免职(2)The factory announced its removal to another town. 这家工厂宣布迁往另一座城市。6. There is no doubt that the boxes were put on a train for Konigsberg. 毫无疑问，那些箱子被装上开往哥尼斯堡的火车。doubt v/nverb： v +sth There seems no reason to doubt her words. 好象没有理由怀疑她的话。 v +(that) I never doubted (th

16、at) he would come. 我确信他会来。 v +wh- I doubt whether / if he will come. 我不敢肯定他来不来。v +sb I had no reason to doubt him. 我没有理由怀疑他。noun U, C about / as to sth / that / wh- 怀疑(1)There is some doubt about her honesty. 人们对她的诚实有些怀疑。(2)I have some doubt as to his intention. 我有些怀疑他的意图。(3)There is no doubt that h

17、e is a kind person. 毫无疑问，他是个善良的人。(4)She had her doubts whether he was telling the truth. 她怀疑他没说真话。beyond (any) doubt 毫无疑问It is beyond doubt that smoking is harmful to our health. 毫无疑问，吸烟有害健康。in doubt 怀疑；不肯定She is in doubt whether she is right. 她怀疑自己是否正确。no doubt 无疑 No doubt he means to help, but in

18、fact he just gets in the way. 无疑他想帮忙，而实际上他是帮倒忙。without doubt 毫无疑问 This meeting has been, without doubt, the most successful we have had so far. 这次会议无疑是开得最成功的一个。练习：(1). Do you doubt _she will succeed?(2). I doubt _ he will keep his word.(3). I have no doubt _ he will win the game.Keys: (1). that (2).

19、 whether/if (3). that7. To them, it was worth much more than Chen Lei paid. 对他们来说，它的价值远远高于陈雷花的钱。 (1) worth adj, n.adj: sth / doing sth 值，值得The house is worth about £1000000. 这座房子价值1000000英镑。How much is this painting worth? 这幅画值多少钱？The museum is certainly worth a visit. 这个博物馆值得参观。Was it worth th

20、e effort? 它值得费这个劲吗？The job involves a lot of hard work but its worth it. 这个工作很费劲，但值得去做。The trip was expensive but it was worth every penny. 这次旅行花了不少钱，但花得很值。This idea is well worth considering. 这个想法很值得考虑。Hes worth £10 million. 他拥有1千万的财产。noun U 价值The winner will receive 100 pounds' worth of b

21、ooks. 获胜者将得到价值100英镑的图书。(2) more than的用法 “more than名词” 表示“多于”、“不仅仅是” 如： Modern science is more than a large amount of information. 现代科学不仅仅是大量的信息。Jason is more than a lecturer; he is a writer, too. 他不仅仅是讲师，他还是个作家。“more than数词”含“以上”或“不止”之意，如： I have known David for more than 20 years. “More than形容词”等于“

22、很”或“非常”的意思，如： In doing scientific experiments, one must be more than careful with the instruments. 做科学实验时，必须非常小心仪器。I assure you I am more than glad to help you. 我保证我非常高兴帮你。在“more.than.”中，肯定“more”后面的而否定“than”后面的，约等于“是而不是”或“与其说是后者，不如说是前者”如： Catherine is more lazy than stupid. 与其说凯瑟琳笨，不如说她懒。Hearing the

23、 loud noise, the boy was more surprised than frightened. 听到那声巨响，男孩很惊讶而不是害怕。“more than”或“more.than.”含“can”的分句时表示“否定意思”，如： That's more than I can do. 这我做不了。Don't bite off more than you can chew. 贪多嚼不烂。Her joke went too far. It was more than I could put up with. 她的玩笑开得太过了，我受不了。此外，“more than”也在一

24、些惯用语中出现，如： More often than not（经常），people tend to pay attention to what they can take rather than what they can give. All of us are more than a little concerned about（非常关心）the current economic problems. 总之，“more than”看似简单，其实很有内涵。8. After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery. 从那以后，

25、琥珀屋到底发生了什么事一直是个谜。remain 保持；停留；剩下(1)依然：v+adj / n / v-ed/ v-ing /thatto remain silent / standing / seated / motionless 保持沉默/站着/坐着/不动Train fares are likely to remain unchanged. 火车费可能保持不变。In spite of their quarrel, they remain the best of friends. 尽管吵架了，但他们依然是最好的朋友。Im sorry youre tired, but the fact rem

26、ains that the job has to be done. 很遗憾你累了，不过事还得做。(2)剩下：v+ (to do) Very little of the house remained after the fire. 大火之后房子所剩无几。 There were only ten minutes remaining. 只剩下10分钟。Much remains to be done. 很多事有待于做。It remains to be seen whether you are right. 你是否对以后才能知晓。(3)停留： v + adv. / prep They remained

27、in Mexico until June. 他们在墨西哥呆到了六月。 She left, but I remained behind. 她离开了，但我留了下来。考例1. (2009四川) Please remain _ until the plane has come to a complete stop. A. to seat B. to be seated C. seating D. seated解析：答案是D。seat sb 意为“让某人坐下”，所以某人坐着即为 “(Sb) be seated”。而remain同be一样也是系动词，所以后面也接seated。也可以把seated看作一个表

28、状态的形容词“坐着的”。 remain 表示“依然，继续”，为系动词，后加名词，形容词或分词做表语。考例2. With the _ five dollars, she bought a pair of shoes for her daughter. A. moreB. remainingC. leftD. rest解析：答案是B。remain表“剩下”为不及物动词，表主动不用被动，所以它的形容词形式为-ing. C选项的left 做后置定语。D项的rest为名词，可带of短语，不修饰名词。9. It can be proved that China has more population th

29、an any other countries in the world. 可以证明，中国人口比世界上任何其他国家都多。prove (proved, proved) or (proved, proven)(1)vt. 证明 sth (to sb) They hope this new evidence will prove her innocence. 他们希望这个新证据会证明她无罪。Just give me a chance and Ill prove it to you. 给我一个机会，我会证明给你看。 (that) This proves (that) I was right. 这证明我是

30、对的。 wh- This proves what I have been saying for some time. 这证明了我一段时间以来所说的话。 +宾语+ adj She was determined to prove him wrong. 她决心要证明他错了。(2)系动词：证明是，显示是v+adj/n Perhaps this book will prove (to be) useful. 或许这本书会证明有用的。 On the long journey, he proved a good companion.在长途旅行中他显示出是个好旅伴。v +to be The prom

31、otion proved to be a turning point in his career. 这次提拔证明是他事业的转折点。Their fears proved to be groundless. 他们的担心证明是无根据的。 oneself (to be) n/adj He proved himself to be a good companion. 他显示自己是个好旅伴。难点突破 一长难句分析 1. Fredrick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to t

32、he Russian people would have such an amazing history. 普鲁士国王威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。 could never have imagined 过去不可能想到 情态动词+ have done 表示对过去所发生的事情的推测，现归纳如下： must + have done只用于肯定句，意思是“过去一定做过”。cant +have done “过去不可能做过，肯定没做过”，是must + have done的否定形式。should (ought to) + have done 表示“本来应该做而实际上没

33、做”,含有责备的语气。 should not (ought not to) + have done则表示“本来不该做而实际上做了”，含有责备的语气。 could + have done 表示“本来有能力做而实际上没有做”。 neednt + have done 表示“本来不必做的事，实际上做过了。” would like to have done 表示“本来希望做而却未做的事”。 may (might) + have done表示对过去的推测，多用于陈述句，意思是“可能”。might 比may 语气更加委婉。 例如：例1. (2007福建) -Where is my dictionary? I

34、 remember I put it here yesterday.- You _ it in the wrong place. A. must putB. should have put C. might put D. might have put解析：答案是D。might have done表示过去可能做过的事。例2. (2007上海)-Guess what! I have got an A for my term paper. -Great! You _ read widely and put a lot of work into it. A. mustB. should C. must

35、 have D. should have解析：答案是C。此句意为“你肯定读了很多书”，对过去发生的事情进行推测用must have done。例3. (2008重庆)-I cant find my purse anywhere. -You have lost it while shopping. A. may B. can C. should D. would解析：答案是A。此句意为“你可能购物时丢了它了”，过去可能发生的事情用may have done。例4. (上海 2000) My sister met him at the&#

36、160;Grand Theater yesterday afternoon, so he _  your lecture  A couldnt have attended  B neednt have attended  C mustnt have attended  D shouldnt have attended 解析：答案是A。此句意为 “我妹妹昨天下

37、午在大剧院碰见他了，所以他不可能听了你的讲座。” 表示过去不可能做了用“cant / couldnt have done”。 2which took the countrys best artists about ten years to make. 它花了这个国家最好的艺术家十年的时间建造的。 take 表示“ 需要，花费”，常用句型为“It takes sb some time to do sth.”例如： It took him all afternoon to finish the task. 他用了整个下午才完成这件工作。 Courage is what it takes to su

38、cceed. 成功需要勇气。3. About four meters long, the room served as a small reception hall for important visitors. 琥珀屋长约四米，被当作了接待厅接见重要客人。 表示某物的长，宽，高的结构为：数词+量词+ long/ wide/ high 或：数词+量词+ in length/ width/ height例：- _ is the height of the mountain? -Its 8848 meters _. A. How tall; highB. What; tallC. What; in

39、 heightD. What high; high 解析：答案是C。高度是多少用what提问，第二空可填high或in height。4. This was a time when the two countries were at war. 这是两国交战的时期。 a time 表示一段时间，为先行词，when 引导定语从句，when在定语从句中作时间状语。考题：There was _ time _ I hated to go to school. A. a, that B. a, whenC. the, thatD. the, when解析：答案是B。此题结构和所分析的句子完全相同。 at

40、war (with) (和)处于交战状态，war前不要冠词。其他“介词+冠词”表状态的短语有： at: at work在工作/ at table 在吃饭/ at play 在玩耍 on: on show 在展出 / on duty值班/ on sale 出售；贱卖/ on holiday 在度假/ on fire在燃烧 / on watch值班，放哨/ on trial受审/ on business 因公，因事/ on guard 警惕，防范in: in trouble在麻烦中 / in danger 处于危险中/ in battle 在交战/ in doubt怀疑，不确定/ in order

41、 秩序井然，整齐/ in secret 秘密地，私下地/ in debt 欠债/ in shape 处于良好状态/ in anger愤怒地/ in poverty 在贫困中under: under repair在修理中 / under discussion正被讨论 / under construction正在建造中 / under treatment 正被治疗under control 被控制住5. The Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room. 俄罗斯人民从琥

42、珀屋移走了一些家具和小艺术品。 was/ were able to 表示过去经过努力，成功地做了某事，表达一种结果。类似于succeeded in doing 或managed to do的含义。如：He worked very hard, and was able to pass the examination. 他学习很努力，因而通过了考试。考题: The fire spread through the 

43、;hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out.  A. had to  B. would  C. could  D. was able to 解析：答案是D。此题意为“大火迅速在宾馆蔓延开，但人们都成功地逃出去了”，表示过去成功地做了某事只能使用was  were able to do，故本题选D。二.词语辨析：1. worth, wor

44、thy, worthwhile(1)worth: 只作表语，有某种价值The picture is worth $ 500. 这幅画值500 美元。 be worth doing 值得做某事 （其后接动名词时，总是用主动形式表示被动意义。）The clock is hardly worth repairing. 这台钟简直不值得修理。What is worth doing is worth doing well. 值得干的事就得干好。Nothing he said was worth listening to. 他说的话没有一句值得听。 worth 习惯上不用 very 修饰，要表示类似意思可

45、用 well。如： The work is well worth doing.(2)worthy可用作表语和定语 worthy of sth值得 Their efforts are worthy of your support. 他们的努力应得到你的支持。  Her behavior is worthy of praise. 她的行为是值得赞扬的。 be worthy to do 值得（表主动） He is worthy to receive such honor. 他应该得到这种荣誉。 be worthy of being done/ be worthy to be do

46、ne 值得被（表被动） This suggestion is worthy to be considered. 这个建议值得考虑。This suggestion is worthy of being considered. 这个建议值得考虑。 作定语，值得尊重和考虑的，如：a worthy course 崇高的事业，(3)worthwhile: adj值得的，值得花时间、钱或精力的，作表语, 后接动名词或不定式均可。 如：It is worthwhile buying/ to buy the dictionary. 这本词典值得买。作定语，如：Nursing is a very worthwh

47、ile career. 护理工作是很值得干的职业。补充说明：在很多情况下，同一个意思可用几种不同的形式表达。如：那个地方值得一去。正：The place is worth a visit.正：The place is worthy of a visit.正：The place is worth visiting.正：It is worth visiting the place.正：The place is worthy of being visited.正：The place is worthy to be visited.正：It is worthwhile visiting the pla

48、ce.正：It is worthwhile to visit the place.2. spend, cost, take, pay(1)spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构： spend timemoney on sth. 在上花费时间（金钱）。例：I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。 spend timemoney (in) doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事。例：They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。(2)cost的主语

49、是物或某种活动， 还可以表示“值”， 常见用法如下：sth. costs + (sb.) 金钱. 某物花了（某人）多少钱。例：A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。 sth. costs + (sb.) 代价. 做某事使某人付出了什么代价。例：Drunk driving cost him his life. 酒后开车使他付出了生命的代价。 (3)take后面常跟双宾语， 常见用法有以下几种：It takes sb. 时间to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。例：It took them three years to buil

50、d this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。It takes (sb )sth + to do sth. 做某事需要(某人)某物。例：Courage is what it takes to succeed.成功需要勇气。A smile is sometimes what it takes to cheer a friend up. 有时候一个微笑就会使朋友高兴起来。(4)pay的基本用法是： (Sb) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买。例：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month.

51、我每个月要付20英磅的房租。 pay for sth. 付的钱。例：I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。 pay sb (+ to do) 付钱给某人(去做某事)。 例: We pay the baby-sitter by the hour. 我们按小时给保姆钱。I will pay you $3 to clean my car.我给你3美元你替我洗车。语法点拨限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句一限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的概念1.限制性定语从句： 限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、修饰的作用，关系代词有that, which, whom,

52、who, whose以及关系副词when, where, why等，没有逗号把从句与先行词分开。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确。例如： Do you know the professor who is speaking at the meeting? Where is the book which I bought this morning? 2.非限制性定语从句： 非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。用法其实与限制性定语从句极为相似，只是不能用that引导。例如： This letter is from

53、his parents, who are working in Tibet. English is an important subject, which every student should study well. 二. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 1. 从形式上看，限制性定语从句与其先行词紧紧相连，两者没有停顿；非限制性定语从句与先行词之间有逗号隔开。2. 从意义上讲，限制性定语从句用来修饰先行词，两者密不可分；而非限制性定语从句仅仅对先行词作补充性叙述或说明，两者关系不那么紧密。3. 从翻译方法来看，一般来说，限制性定语从句多半译成汉语的前置定语，修饰其后的先行词，非限制性定语从句则往往译成后置的并列从句。例如：This is the house which we bought last year. 这是我们去年买的那幢房子。（限制性） This letter is from his parents, who are working in Tibet. 这封信是他父母写来的，他们在西藏工作。（非限制性）  4. 从关系词的使用来看:(1) that不能用来引导非限制性定语从句。(2) 在非限制性定语从句中的关系词不能省略。(3) 非限制性定语从句的关系代词which既可以指代前面的先行词，也可以指代前面整句的含义。指