人教版英语必修一Unit5知识点(班二)

1、必修一Unit5知识点（班二）1、devoted adj 忠诚的，挚爱的；全心全意的搭配： be devoted to 忠诚于. 致力于.Monica is a devoted friend. 莫尼卡是一位忠实的朋友。 devote vt 献身，致力，专心 devotion n 挚爱，关爱，关照；奉献搭配： devote oneself to 献身于. devote ones life/time to sb/sth 把生命/时间献给某人/某事 devote.to 把用于.Qian Xuesen devoted himself entirely to science.钱学森的一生都献给了科学事业

2、。I dont think we should devote any more time to this problem.我认为我们不应该在这个问题上再花时间。He devoted his life to helping blind people.他献出了一生来帮助盲人。注意：（1）devote的宾语可以是oneself, ones life, time, patience, energy等名词（词组）（2）devote.to 和 be devoted to 中的to均为介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词（动词+ing）作宾语。练习：用devote的适当形式填空。（1）She has been w

3、orking in the forests for about 10 years, _ herself to researching wildlife.（2）Her _ to the job left her with very little free time.单项选择Heroes _ their life _ becoming the best they can be, whether it is President of the United States, a mother, or a firefighter.(消防队员)A prevent; from B devote; to C p

4、refer; to D. suffer; from2、sentenced to prison for life on Robben Island for being one of the ANC leaders.因为是非国大的的领导人之一，所以被判决终身监禁于罗本岛。sentence vt & n（1）vt 判决；宣判（常与介词to连用）搭配：be sentenced to 被判处（徒刑）be sentenced to death 被判处死刑He was sentenced to fifteen years in prison.他被判处15年徒刑。The prisoner was se

5、ntenced to pay a fine of 7,000 yuan.那名犯人被判处7000元罚款。(2) n 判决，判刑She received an eight-year prison sentence.她被判八年徒刑。The prisoner has served his sentence and will be released tomorrow.犯人已服刑期满，明天将获释。练习：完成句子（1）那个盗贼被判5年徒刑。The thief _ 5 years in prison.（2）那个杀害了两个人的杀人犯被判了死刑。The murderer _ after killing two p

6、eople.单项选择（1）Since this is the first time you have broken the law, Im going to give you a light _C_.A. judge B. prison C. sentence D. blame（2）The criminal，who was _ to four years in prison by the judge last week, is 21years old.A. caught B. sentenced C. killed D. put3、Why did Nelson Mandela turn to

7、violence to make black and white people equal?为什么纳尔逊.曼德拉会使用暴力来使黑人和白人平等？turn to 向.求助（求助于）；致力于.； 翻到； 转向Nobody seems to understand. I dont know who to turn to.似乎没有人懂。我不知道该向谁求助。Turn to Page 80, please. 请翻到第80页。She turns her efforts to a book. 她致力于写一本书。注意：动词短语turn to 中的 to为介词，因此其后跟名词、代词或动名词。衔接：turn on 打开

8、（水龙头、煤气、电灯等）turn off 关上（水龙头、煤气、电灯等）turn up 出现，到场；调高（声音等）turn down 拒绝（请求）；调低（声音等）turn in 上交；转身进入 turn over 翻转；翻身turn out 结果是，证明是；生产（产品）Why did she turn down your invitation?她为什么拒绝你的邀请？Only a few guns have been turned in so far.时至今日只上缴了少数几支枪。Despite our worries everything turned out well.尽管我们都很担心，结果一切

9、都顺利。练习：1、They promised to go with us but they didnt _ until we waited for quite a long time.2、Everywhere you come across danger, you can _ the police.3、He said that he was a doctor, but later he _ to be a cheat.4、I sent her an email inviting her to my birthday party. However, I _.5、What are you read

10、ing, Tom? Im not reading, just _ the pages.4、As a matter of fact, I do not like violencebut in 1963 I helped him blow up some government buildings.事实上，我并不喜欢暴力.但是1963年的时候，我帮助他炸毁了一些政府大楼。as a matter of fact （1）事实上；其实；说真Its a nice place. Weve stayed there by ourselves, as a matter of fact.那个地方不错。其实，我们自己

11、在那儿待过。（2）（表示不同意）事实上，其实I thought the work would be difficult. As a matter of fact, its very easy.我原以为这项工作会很难，事实上却很容易。链接：“事实上，实际上”的多种表达法：in fact actually in truth in reality in effect 练习：（1）同义句转换The boy looks stupid, but actually he is very clever.The boy looks stupid, but _ _ _ _ _he is very clever.5

12、、They said that the job and the pay from the new South African government were my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks.他们说从南非新政府得到的这份工作和报酬是我毕生为争取黑人的平等权利而斗争所得到的回报。reward n & vt（1）n 【C，U】 奖励；报酬；奖赏（后接介词for，表示原因）In reward, I will give you a cellphone. 作为回报，我将给你一部手机。She wo

13、rked hard without any hope of reward.她辛勤工作，丝毫不期待报酬。Winning the match was just reward for the effort the team had made.赢得比赛的胜利是全队付出努力应得的回报。（2）vt 酬谢，报答搭配reward sb with sth 用某物酬谢某人reward sb for (doing) sth 为（做）某事而酬谢某人He rewarded me with a prize.他给了我一份奖品作为酬谢。He rewarded the cleaners for their efforts.他对

14、清洁工的努力作出了奖赏。拓展：in reward 作为回报in reward for=in return for 作为对的报答=as a reward for作为对.报酬/奖赏reward ,award和prize的辨析（1）reward重在“报答，酬谢”（2）award（ vt. 授予；判定 n. 奖品；判决），award强调“荣誉上的奖”（3）prize多指各类竞赛中所获得的“奖，奖金”。练习：用reward, award或prize的适当形式填空。（1）Anyone who can find my lost dog and return it to me can receive a $5

15、00_.（2）He was nominated（提名）for the best actor _.（3）In this months competition you could win a _ worth $3,000.6、It was a prison from which no one escaped. 那是一座任何人都逃不出去的监狱。escape v & n（1）vi 逃跑；逃离（常与介词from 连用）Two men have escaped from Durham jail.两名孩子从达勒姆监狱逃脱。（2）vt 逃脱；逃避搭配：escape doing sth 逃脱做某事He

16、was lucky to escape punishment(being punished).他幸运地逃脱了惩罚。（3）vt 被忘掉，被忽视，未被注意（不用被动语态）His phone number escaped me.我记不起他的电话号码了。（4）n 逃走，逃脱The robber made his escape in disguise.那个抢劫犯伪装之后逃走了。拓展：make ones escape 逃跑 have a narrow/near escape 九死一生a fire escape 消防通道 escape from. 从.逃跑escape death 死里逃生 escape+

17、being done 逃脱被7、Elias went to see Nelson Mandela when he was in trouble. 伊莱亚斯在有麻烦时去见纳尔逊.曼德拉。in trouble 处于困难或险境中Do as youre told, or youll be in trouble.叫你怎么做就怎么做，否则你会有麻烦。Hes in trouble with the police.他犯事落入警察手里。We should lend a hand to those people in trouble.我们应该帮助那些处于困境中的人。拓展：get into trouble 陷入困境

18、make/cause trouble 惹事生非ask for trouble 自找麻烦；自寻烦恼take trouble doing sth 尽力/尽心做某事take the trouble to do sth 不辞劳苦做某事一言助记Dont trouble (vt.) trouble(n.) till trouble(n.) trouble (vt.) you.麻烦没找你，你别找麻烦。链接：“(be) in +抽象名词”表示处于某种状态be in danger 处于危险中 be in peace 处于和平状态之中be in control 在控制下 be in silence 在沉默中be

19、in love 在相爱中 be in place 在适当位置1、完成句子。（1）要不是你帮忙，我就有麻烦了。But for your help, Id be _.（2）不必费力做那件事。There is no need _ it.8、lost heart 丧失信心；丧失勇气Dont lost heart. All will turn out well.不要失去信心，一切都会好起来的。In spite of all the difficulties, they never lose heart.尽管有这么多困难，但他们从未失去过信心。拓展：lose ones heart to sb/sth 爱上

20、某人/某物heart and soul 全心全意 learn sth by heart 背诵；牢记put ones heart into 对全力以赴He lost his heart to Mary at first sight. 他一看到玛丽就爱上了她。The boy has lost his heart to books and shows no interest in other things. 这个男孩爱上了书，对别的事情不感兴趣。链接：lose weight 减肥 lose ones temper 发脾气lose ones sight 失明 lose ones way 迷路练习：用l

21、ose的相关短语填空（1）Youd better take the compass along in case you _ in the mountain.（2）Nobody can succeed without experience failure, so dont _.（3）The moment the little girl saw the puppy she _ to it.用heart的相关短语填空。（1）_ your work, and youll succeed in no time.（2）We should _ English words _,9、Sadly I did no

22、t have one because I was not born there, and I worried about whether I would become out of work.糟糕的是我没有一个证件，因为我不是在那里出生的，我担心我是不是会失业。out of work 失业（表示状态）Now that she is out of work, Lucy has been considering going back to school., but she hasnt decided yet.由于露西失业乐儿，她一直在考虑回校上学，但是还没作出决定。链接：In work 有工作 g

23、o to work 去上班at work 在工作中，在上班 after work 下班后begin/start work 开始工作注意：be out of workbe in work （反义词组，表状态）lose ones jobfind a job （反义词组，表动作）链接：out of.常有“出于，由于；缺乏，没有；放弃，丧失；越出.之外”等意义。out of question 毫无疑问 out of sight 看不见out of order 出故障；有毛病 out of reach 够不到；够不着out of mind 心不在焉 out of trouble 摆脱麻烦out of p

24、lace 不在原来的位置；不得体；不恰当练习：1、用work的相关短语填空（1）He is in a difficult situation, for he has been _ for half a year.（2）Remember not to disturb me when Im _.（3）My father usually _ on foot.（4）_ she went to the kindergarten to pick up her son.10.fight against sth. 反对某事 Eg：He fought against the German.(P33 Charac

25、ter2) 拓展 fight for sth. 争取某事 fight with. 与某人并肩作战；=fight against11. quality品质，质量 拓展 be of good/high/poor/bad/low 上等/优质/劣质的The shoes I bought yesterday is of good quality.12. equal adj. 平等的；相等的；胜任的 n. 对手；匹敌；同辈；相等的事物 .be equal to sth/ doing sth 等同于，能胜任He is equal to any job you give. 他能胜任一切你给予的工作。He ha

26、s no equal in music. 他在音乐方面没有匹敌。词汇1.This new computer is of high q_ and is not expensive, either.2.Norman Bethune f_ against the German Nazis and Japanese invaders during World War.3.Some of the films are full of v_. Too much fighting is not good for young kids to watch.4.Black people are born e_ to

27、 the whites so they should share the same rights as them.5.Since I was better _(受教育), I got a job working in an office.6.It was a prison from which no one _(逃脱).阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1）汉语提示，2）首字母提示，3）语境提示，在每个空格内填人一个适当的英语单词，所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确，并将该词完整地写在答题卡中相应的横线上。 Many of us were raised with the saying "Waste not, want not.” None of us, (76) _h , can completely avoid waste in our lives. A