高中英语人教版必修四教学案：Unit4Section3含答案

1、Section IIIGrammar 一现在分词作状语语法突叫语法初识高中英语原句感知自主探究 .I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously . I stood for a minute watching them and then went to greet them. She stepped backappearing surprised .Then Akira Nagata from Japan came in smiling, together with George Cook f

2、rom Canada . When Darlene Coulon from France came dashing through the door .Turning around, she saw an ambulance driving away.The old scientist died all of a sudden, leaving the project unfinished .® Hearing the news, they immediately set off . Having written a letter, I listened to music for a

3、 while .动词-ing形式在句中可作伴随状语 （句、），时间语（句 ），结果语（句），原因状语（句、 ）。（2）若动词-ing短语为一般式，表示动 作与谓语动词同时发生（句）；若动词 -ing短语为完成式,表示动作发生在 谓语动词之前（句）。（3）动词-ing形式的逻辑主语都是句子 的主语（句）。语法剖析语法点一现在分词作状语的用法现在分词（短语）在句中作状语用来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、方式、让步或伴随状况。1 .作时间状语现在分词作时间状语时，常放在句首，相当于一个时间状语从句。Hearing the noise, I turned round .

4、=When I heard the noise, I turned round .听到响声我转过身去。2 .作原因状语现在分词作原因状语时，相当于一个原因状语从句，也可以放在句首。Being poor, he couldn't afford a TV set .=Because he was poor, he couldn't afford a TV set .由于贫穷，他买不起一台电视机。3 .作条件状语现在分词作条件状语时，相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句。Working hard, you'll certainly succeed .= If you work h

5、ard, you'll certainly succeed .只要努力学习，你肯定会成功的。4 .作结果状语现在分词作结果状语时，通常放在句末，中间用逗号隔开，表示一种顺其自然、意料之中的结果。The fire lasted a whole night, causing great damage .大火持续了一整夜，造成了巨大损失。点津现在分词作结果状语，是随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果，其逻辑主语 往往是前面整个句子所描述的情况，前面有时候可以加thus。而不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，有时前面可以加only。试比较：He was caught in the rain,

6、 thus making himself catch cold .被雨淋后他感冒了。I hurried to school, only to find it was Sunday.我匆忙赶到学校，结果发现是星期天。5 .作让步、方式和伴随状语现在分词作让步、方式和伴随状语时，说明动作发生的背景和情况。作伴随状语时，表 示分词的动作和主句的动作同时发生，此时它可转换成并列句。Mary sat by the window of the classroom, reading a book .=Mary sat by the window of the classroom and was readin

7、g a book .玛丽坐在教室的窗边读一本书。即时演练11-1.用现在分词作状语改写下列句子When she turned around, she saw a car driving up .fTurningaround , she saw a car driving up . They stood there and waited for the bus .f They stood there, waitingfor the bus .As he was ill, he couldn't attend the meeting .fBeingill,he couldn't a

8、ttend the meeting .1 2.完成句子（湖南高考改编）There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, staring at the night_sky （凝视着夜空 ）. Being_too old （因为年老）,he couldn't take a plane .语法点二现在分词作状语的注意事项1,现在分词的时态现在分词作状语时，要注意分词的时间性，是用现在分词的一般式(doing),还是用完成式(having done)。(1)当现在分词的动作与谓语

9、动词的动作同时发生时，用分词的一般式。Walking in the street, I met an old friend of mine .我正在大街上行走时，遇到了一位老朋友。(walking和谓语动词 met同时发生)(2)当现在分词的动作先发生，而谓语动词的动作后发生时，用分词的完成式。Having finished the letter, he went to post it.他写完信后就把它寄了出去。(having finished是先发生的，went是后发生的)即时演练2用所给动词的适当形式填空Seeing (see) nobody at home, he decided to

10、leave them a note. Having suffered (suffer) such heavy pollution, it may now be too late to clean up the river. Having lived (live) in Beijing for years, I almost know every place quite well .(江西高考改编 )Having spent (spend) nearly all our money, we couldn't afford to stay at a hotel.2 .现在分词的语态使用现在

11、分词的主动式还是被动式，这主要取决于现在分词和句子主语之间的关系。句 子的主语就是分词的逻辑主语。Having been shown around the factory, they were very happy .（现在分词的被动式 ） 被领着参观了工厂后，他们很高兴。Having finished his homework, he went to bed .（现在分词的主动式 ） 完成了作业后，他上床睡觉。即时演练33-1.用所给动词的适当形式填空 Being_talked （talk） to, you should look into the eyes of the person .

12、Having been_told （tell） for several times, he still couldn't understand the rules . Hearing （hear） the bad news, she didn't know what to do .32.单句改错（重庆高考改编）Being asked to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful filmBeing asked fHaving beenasked3 . 动词-ing 形式的否定式：not +v. -ing; not hav

13、ing + v. -edNot knowing this, he didn't come .他不知道这件事，所以没来。Not having made full preparations, we put off the sports meeting .因为没有做好充分的准备，我们把运动会延期了。4 .独立主格动词-ing形式作状语，有时它也可以有自己独立的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构， 通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，也可以表示时间、原因或条件。All the students having sat down, the lecture began.所有学生坐好之后，讲座开始了。The n

14、ew year coming, we were happy.新年来了，我们很高兴。The regulation permitting, I will go with you .制度允许的话，我就和你去。即时演练44-1.用现在分词的独立主格结构改写下列句子 If weather permits, we shall go there on foot .fWeatherpermitting, we shall go there on foot .After Mary came back, they discussed it together .fMarycomingback, they discu

15、ssed it together .4 - 2,完成句子（江苏高考改编 ）The lecture having been given （讲座结束后 ）,a lively question-and-answer session followed .Spring coming on （春天来了 ）, the trees turned green.5 .现在分词作评注性状语有些现在分词在句中没有逻辑主语，它们往往作为句子的评注性状语来修饰整个句子， 表明说话者的态度、观点等。例如：generally speaking "一般来说"，judging by/from . “从判断&q

16、uot;, taking everything into consideration”从全盘考虑“。Judging from his behaviour, he must be mad.从他的行为来判断，他一定是疯了。Generally speaking, girls are more interested in literature than boys .一般来说，女孩比男孩对文学更感兴趣。语法做真题慷定考查方向做典翘提升语法水平链接高考用所给动词的适当形式填空1. (2016 北京高考)Newly- built wooden cottages line the street, turnin

17、g (turn) the old town into a dreamland.2. (2016 天津高考 )The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, making (make) air conditioning unnecessary .3. (2015 天津高考 )Having worked (work) for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.4. (2015 重庆高考 )Like ancient sailors, birds can find t

18、heir way using (use) the sun and the stars.5. (2015 湖北高考 )Looking (look) at the beef being cooked on the stove, the mother pictured the whole family having meals together .6. (2015 湖南高考)When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood rooted to the ground, wondering (wonder)

19、 whether to stay or leave .7. (2014 福建高考 )Having spent (spend) the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age.针对演练I .用所给动词的适当形式填空1. Pressed from his parents, and realizing (realize) that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop pl

20、aying video games .2. Disappearing (disappear) from view day by day, the singer is turning to his memories for comfort.3. Gathering (gather) around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people .4. More highways have been built in China, making (make) it much easier for people to travel from o

21、ne place to another.5. Not_having_completed (complete) the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks.6. Judging (judge) from the appearance, it is very peaceful, but in fact, a war will break out soon.7. The decision having been_made (make), what is to be done now is how to carry it o

22、ut .8. Tasting_ (taste) good and sweet, this kind of pear was soon sold out in the market .9. He sat in a chair under the shade of the tree, reading (read) a novel.10. The old man, having worked (work) abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland.n .完成句子1. The students walked on the

23、 street, talking_and_laughing .学生们走在街上，又说又笑。一 一2. Hearing_the_news,_he couldn't help laughing .一听到那个招息他禁示住大笑起来。3. Having_worked hard_for_many_years,he finally achieved his dream .努力工作丁?艮多年R,他.于受现了新想。一4. The child slipped and fell, hitting_his_head_against_the_door .那男孩滑了一跤，头撞到了门上。一一 一 一一5. Having been_told_many_times,he still didn't learn these rules by heart .尽管被告矢"r很艮次，瓦还启时巴这正规定记下来。m .短文改错Dear