职称英语卫生类C级-1_真题-无答案

1、职称英语卫生类 C级-1(总分 100,考试时间 90 分钟)第 1 部分：词汇选项下面每个句子中均有1 个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定 1 个意义最为接近的选项.1. Their style of playing football is utterly different.A. barelyB. scarcelyC. hardlyD. totally2. Relief workers were shocked by what they saw.A. movedB. touchedC. surprisedD. worried3. It is virtually impossible

2、 to persuade him to apply for the job.A. simplyB. almostC. totallyD. completely4. They have the capability to destroy the enemy in a few days.A. possibilityB. necessityC. abilityD. probability5. The weather is a constant subject of conversation in Britain.A. questionB. problemC. titleD. topic6. We h

3、ave never seen such gorgeous hills.A. beautifulB. stretchingC. spreadingD. rolling7. The news will horrify everyone.A. attractB. terrifyC. temptD. excite8. I won't tolerate that kind of behavior.A. bearB. receiveC. admitD. take9. These are defensive behavior patterns which derive from our fe

4、ars.A. stemB. relyC. developD. grow10. Only a small minority of the mentally ill are liable to harm themselves or others.A. easyB. possibleC. likelyD. difficult11. The article sketched the major events of the decade.A. describedB. offeredC. outlinedD. presented12. The leaves have been swept into hug

5、e heaps.A. loadsB. layersC. pyramidsD. piles13. Her sister urged her to apply for the job.A. advisedB. causedC. forcedD. promised14. This is not typical of English, but is a feature of the Chinese language.A. particularB. characteristicC. remarkableD. idiomatic15. I have been trying to quit smoking.

6、A. give upB. pick upC. build upD. take up第 2 部分：阅读判断下面的短文后列出了7 个句子， 请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A ；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B ：如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。An Observation and an ExplanationIt is worth looking at one or two aspects of the way a mother behaves towards her baby. The usual fondling, cuddling and cle

7、aning require *ment, but the position in which she holds the baby against her body when resting is rather revealing. Careful studies have shown the fact that 80 percent of mothers hold their infants in their left arms, holding them against the left side of their bodies. If asked to explain the signi

8、ficance of this preference most people reply that it is obviously the result of the predominance of right-handedness in the population. By holdingthe babies in their left arms, the mothers keep their dominant arm free for manipulations. But a detailed analysisshows that this is not the case. True, t

9、here is a slightdifferencebetween right-handedand left-handed females; but not enough to provide adequate explanation. It emerges that 83 percent of right-handed mothers hold the baby on the left side, but so do 78 percent of left-handed mothers.In other words, only 22 percent of the left-handed mot

10、hers have their dominant hands free for actions. Clearly there must be some other, less obvious explanation.The only other *es from the fact that the heart is on the side of the mother's body. Could it be that the sound of her heartbeat is the vital factor? And in what way? Thinking along these

11、lines it was argued that perhaps during its existence inside the body of the mother the unborn baby get used to the sound of the heart beat. If this is so, then the re-discovery of this familiar sound after birth might have a claiming effect on the infant, especially as it has just been born into a

12、strangeand frighteninglynew world.If this is so then the mother would, somehow, soon arrive at the discovery that her baby is more at peace if held on the left against her heart than on the right.16. We can learn a lot by observing the position in which a mother holds her baby against her body.A. A.

13、 RightB. B. WrongC. C. Not mentioned17. Most left-handed women *fortable by holding their babies in their left arm and keep the right arm free.A. A. RightB. B. WrongC. C. Not mentioned18. The number of right-handed mothers who hold the baby on the left side exceeds that of left- handed ones by 22 %.

14、A. A. RightB. B. WrongC. C. Not mentioned19. The fact that most left-handedmothers hold the baby on their leftside renders the first explanation unsustainable.A. A. RightB. B. WrongC. C. Not mentioned20. The fact that the heart is on the leftside ofthe mother'sbody provides the most convinci

15、ng explanation of all.A. A. RightB. B. WrongC. C. Not mentioned21. A baby held in the right arm of its mother can be easily frightened.A. A. RightB. B. WrongC. C. Not mentioned22. The writer's explanation of the phenomenon is supported by the fact that babies tend to be more peaceful if held

16、 in their mothers' left arms than in the right arms.A. A RightB. B WrongC. C Not mentioned第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子下面的短文后有2 项测试任务： (1)第 23 26 题要求从所给的6 个选项中为第 2 6 段其中 4 段名选择 1 个最佳标题； (2)第 2730 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为每个句子确定1 个最佳选项。Face Masks May not Protect from Super-flu1. If a super-flu strikes, face masks m

17、ay not protect you. Whether widespread use of masks will help, or harm, during the next worldwide flu outbreak is a question that researchers are studyingfuriously. No results *e from their mask research yet.However, the government says people should consider wearing them in certain situations anywa

18、y, just in case.2. But it's a question the public keeps asking while the government are making preparations for the next flupandemic. So the Centers for Disease Controland Prevention (CDC)came up with preliminaryguidelines. "We don't want people wearing them everywhere," said the C

19、DC. "The overall recommendation really is to avoid exposure."3. When that's not possible, the guidelines say to consider wearing a simple surgical mask if youare in one of the three followingsituations. First, you're healthy and can't avoid going to a crowded place. Second, you

20、're sick and think you may have close contract with the healthy, suchas a family member checking on you. Third, you live with someone who's sick and thus might bein the early stages of infection, but still need to go out.4. Influenza pandemics can strike when the easy-to-mutate flu virus shi

21、fts to a strain that people never have experienced. Scientists cannot predict when the next pandemic willarrive, although concern is rising that the Asian bird flu might trigger one if it starts spreading easily from personto person.5. During the flu pandemic, you should protect yourself. Avoid crow

22、ds, and avoid close contract with the sick unless you must care for someone. Why can't mask added to this self-protection list? Be- cause they help trap virus-laden droplets flying through the air with a cough or sneeze. Simple surgical masks only filter the larger droplets. Besides, the CDC is

23、afraid? masks may create a false sense of security. Perhaps someone who should have stayed home would don an ill-fitting mask and hop on the subway instead.6. Nor does flu only spread through the air. Say someone covers a sneeze with his or her hand, then touches a doorknob or subway pole. If you to

24、uch that spot next and then put germy hands on your nose or mouth, you've been exposed. It's harder to rub your nose while wearing a mask and so your face may get pretty sweaty under masks. You reach under to wipe that sweat, and may transfer germs caught on the outside of the mask straight

25、to the nose. These are the problems facemasks may create for their, users.7. Whether people should or should not use face masks still remains a question. The general public has to wait patiently for the results of the mask research scientists are still doing.23. Paragraph 2 24. Paragraph 3 25. Parag

26、raph 5 26. Paragraph 6 27. The scientists are trying to find oust if masks may or may not.28. The CDC is afraid that the public may.29. The public will not know the answer about masks until scientists.30. We can infer from the passage that the US authorities.第 4 部分：阅读理解下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有5 道题。请根据短文内容，为

27、每题确定1 个最佳选项。第一篇Medical journalsMedical journals are publications that report medical information to physicians and other health professionals.In the past, these journals were available only in print.With the development of electronic publishing, many medical journals now have Web sites on the Intern

28、et, and some journals publish only online. A few medical journals, like the Journal of the American Medical Association, are considered general medical journals because they cover many fields of medicine.Most medical journals are specialty journals that focus on a particular area of medicine.Medical

29、 journals publish many types of articles. Research articles report the results of research studies on a range of topics varying from the basic mechanisms of diseases to clinical trials *pare out comes of differenttreatments. Reviewarticlessummarize and analyze the information available on a specific

30、 topic based on a careful search of the medical literature,Because the results of individual research studies can be affected by many factors, combining results from different studies on the same topic can be helpful in reaching conclusions about the scientificevidence for preventing, diagnosing or

31、treating a particular disease. Case conferences and case reports may be published in medical journals to educate physicians about particular illnesses and how to treat at them. Editorials in medical journals are short essays that express the views of the authors, often regarding a re- search or revi

32、ew article published in the same issue.Editorials provide perspective on how the current article fits with other information on the same topic. Letters to the editor provide a way for readers of the medical journal to *ments ,questions or criticisms about articles published in that journal.31. The m

33、ain readers of medical journals areA. the general public.B. health professionals.C. medical critics.D. news reporters.32. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Many medical journals also publish online.B. A few medical journals are general medical journals.C. Most medical journals publish

34、 only online.D. Most medical journals are specialty journals.33. How many major types of articles are mentioned in the passage:A. Five.B. Seven.C. Four.D. Six.34. An article dealing with results from different studies on the same topic is calledA. a research article.B. a review article.C. a case rep

35、ort.D. an editorial.35. Letters to the editor enable readers of a medical journal to *ments onA. any medical event.B. articles published in the same issue.C. articles published in that journal.D. medical development.第二篇Need for Emphasis on TreatmentAIDS programs in developing countries put little em

36、phasis on treatment, the World Health Organization said Tuesday, asking for more *munity-based clinics to be opened to treat HIV-infected people.An estimated 36 million to 46 million people are living with AIDS, two-thirds of them in Africa, but only 440,000 people in developing countries were recei

37、ving treatment by the end of 2003, the UN health agency said in its annual report."Without treatment, all of them will die a premature and in most cases painful death," the WHO said in the t69-page World Health Report.WHO Director General Lee Jong wook *munity-based treatment should be add

38、ed to disease prevention and care for suffers in AIDS programs."Future generations will judge our time in large part by our response to the AIDS disease," Lee said."By tackling it decisively we will also be building health systems that can meet the health needs of to- day and tomorrow

39、. This is a historic opportunity we cannot afford to miss, "he adds.Antiretroviraldrugs enable people hit by AIDSto live longer. The annual cost of treatment,which was about $ 10,000 when the drugs were first developed, has dropped to about $150.Treatment programs also help AIDS prevention effo

40、rts, the report said, citing great demands for testing and counseling where treatment has been made available.Good counselingin turn leads to more effective prevention in those who are uninfected, and significantly reduces the potential for HIV carriers to pass on the infection, the report said.Sinc

41、e its discovery in 1980s, more than 20 million have died of AIDS, mostly in poor countries.36. Which is true of many AIDS sufferers in developing countries?A. They put too little emphasis on treatment.B. They are not receiving any treatment.C. They refuse to be treated.D. They live longer than those

42、 in developed countries,37. The WHO publishes its World Health ReportA. once every two years.B. once a decade.C. once a year.D. twice a year.38. According to Lee, our response to AIDS disease isA. a matter of great significance.B. a matter of little significance.C. overemphasized.D. timely.39. AIDS

43、treatment programs may also result inA. better drugs.B. lower yearly cost.C. more effective prevention.D. greater emphasis on treatment.40. How many people have died of AIDS so far?A. 36 million.B. 46 million.C. around 440,000.D. more than 20 million.第三篇Adaptation of Living ThingsCertain animals and

44、 plants develop characteristics that help them cope with their environment better than others of their kind. This natural biologicalprocess is called adaptation. Among the superior characteristics developed through adaptation are those that may help in getting food or shelter, in providingprotection

45、, and in producing and protecting, the young. That results in the evolution of more and more organisms that are better fitted to their environments.Each living thing is adapted to its way of life in a general way, but each is adapted especially to its own distinct class. A plant, for example, depend

46、s upon its roots to fix itself firmly and to absorb water and inorganic chemicals. It depends upon its green leaves for using the sun's energy to make food from inorganic chemicals. These are general adaptations, common to most plants. In addition, there are special adaptations that only certain

47、 kinds of plants have.Many animals have adaptations that help them escape from their enemies, Some insects are hidden by their body color or shape, and many look like steal or a little branch. The coats of deerare colored to mix with the surroundings. Many animals have the ability to *pletely still

48、when anenemy is near.Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. 'They may adapt in their structure, function, and genetics; in their development and productionofthe young;and in other respects. An organism may create its own environment, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ,abili

49、tyto adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature' despite changing weather; Usually adaptations are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so welladapted to a particular, environment that, if conditions change, it finds it difficultor impossible to readapt to the new conditi

50、ons;41. Some plants and animals develop superior characteristics so that they mayA. help others of their kind get food, shelter and other things needed.:B. survive even in extremely severe condition.C. become better adapted to the' environments than' others of their kind.D. result in

51、 the evolution and production of more intelligent organisms,42. In the first paragraph, the word "environments" could best be replaced byA. "contexts".B. "surroundings .C. "neighbors".D. "enemies".43. It can be inferred from this passage that the feathers

52、 of. a bird can be colored?A. to frightened its enemies.B. to, attract its enemies.C. to adjust its body heat.D. to match its environment.44. Which of the following is not directly mentioned?A. A living thing may adapt in its structure.B. An organism may adapt in its function.C. A living creature ma

53、y adapt in its genetic makeup.D. A living organism may adapt in its sleeping habit.45. The author cites the behavior of warm-blooded mammals in order to illustratewhich of the fol- lowing?A. A living thing may have the ability to create an environment of its own.B. A living creature may have the abi

54、lity to remain still when an enemy is near.C. A living creature may have the ability to make food from its inorganic chemicals.D. A living creature may have the ability to change the color of its skin.第 5 部分：补全对话下面的短文有 5 处空白， 短文后有 6 个句子， 其中 5 个取自短文， 请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。Lowering the Risk of Hea

55、rt DiseaseLike millions of other Americans, I come from a family with a history of the heart disease. My father had his first three heart attacks when he was only thirty-one.(46)I grew up with heart disease. It was there, but I didn't take it seriously.When I was thirty-one, my blood cholesterol

56、 (胆固醇 ) level was measured for the first time. Itwas 311 mg/dl, the doctor told me, an extremely high level that put me at a very high risk of heart disease, especially with my family history. He sent me to the National Institutes of Health (NIH)to be screened for participation in a clinical trial.

57、(47)At NIH, physicians explained the degree of risk associated with my blood cholesterol level andthe nature of the experiment. This test involves putting a tube through a leg artery (动脉 ) up to the heart.(48)Learning about the risks of the experiment as well as the risk associated with my raised blood cholesterol level scared the life out of me. Although I was excluded from participating in the study,the experience may well have saved my life.For the firsttime,I began to realize the seriousness of high blood cholesterol.(49)But equally i