2020年高考英语完形填空专项复习(word含答案)

1、完形填空专项复习第 1 页 共 13 页2020年高考英语宀完形填空专项复习完形填空专项复习第 2 页 共 13 页、 复习思路1. 梳理完形填空的技巧方法2. 扩充词汇运用、复习要点完型填空题的特点完形填空设空以实词为主、虚词为辅，单词为主、短语为辅。上海高考完型主要考完形填空专项复习第3页共 13 页察动词、名词、形容词、副词。其他偶尔有过渡词、介词短语、连词。体裁上以议论文为主,说明文 为辅。题材上以思想、文化、商业、生活为主，同时涉及其他话题。完型填空解题步骤1 -通览-速度全文，把握大意快速阅读一下全文，通过通览全文、领会大意，概略地了解文章的体裁、背景、内容、结 构层次、情节、写作

2、风格等等。2 -试填-紧扣文意，瞻前顾后先易后难，逐层深入。紧扣全文内容，联系上下文和语境，展开逻辑推理，注意从上下文中寻 找线索，注意词汇的意义、搭配，惯用法，语法，常识等多个角度进行综合考虑。3 -复核-全面检查，确保语意连贯，用词准确试填后，要把全文再通读一遍，注意看所选答案填入空白处后能否做到文章意思通顺、前后连贯、逻辑严谨、结构完整、首尾呼应完型填空高频词汇动词convince; guara ntee; en sure; tran sfer; exist; strike; claim; dem on strate; charge; assemble; reveal; skip;var

3、y; mon itor; assess; isolate; classify; distract; embarrass; stretch; believe; make;con sume; dip; shut; replace, reduce, in crease, destroy; expa nd; n arrow; stre ngthe n;weake n; protect; puni sh; warn; con tribute; devote; decorate; drain; maintain; preserve;exhaust; exploit; impose; in spire; p

4、ion eer; overcome; resist; shift; switch; plun ge;acco unt for; postp one; access; remind; inform; amuse; assume; obta in; distribute;an ticipate（预期）;cultivate; recog ni ze; discomfort; threate n; dema nd; in dicate.名词in st inct; in gredie nt; evide nee; miracle; tendency; exposure; prin ciple; effi

5、cie ncy;con tributio n; con tact; infection; oppositi on; pronun ciati on; tran sformati on;principle; standards; measure; solution; crisis; innovation; material; resource; improvement; appearanee;stability; smoke; cost; barga in; miracle; existe nee; trend; delivery; mood; spirit;appetite; stomach;

6、 stre ngth; muscle; purpose; con cept; means; access; variety; alter native; comb in ati on;achieveme nt; opti on; in teractio n; affirmati on; expectati on; com muni cati on; ecotourism, backgro und,preve nti on形容词con siderate; aggressive; qualified; relucta nt; delicate; positive; n egative; ignor

7、ant; in formative; casual;curious; in curable; dema nding; reas on able; social; psychological; evide nt; vital;con sta nt; terrible; wasteful; won derful; useful; fashi on able; beautiful; historic;worthless; ordin ary; meanin gless; sen sitive; agreeable; graceful; finan cial; appropriate;defensiv

8、e; fateful （重大的，决疋性的）；fruitful （富有成效的，多产的）；sensitive;multiple; resista nt; accessible; critical; reas on able; in evitable; esse ntial; dramatic;fulfilling（令人满意的，能实现个人抱负的）；efficient; ideal; employable; available;respectful （恭敬的，有礼貌的）；negative; frequent; unskilled; compulsory完形填空专项复习第4页共 13 页agreeabl

9、y; slightly; accide ntally; occasi on ally; physically; psychologically; thoroughly;vaguely; orally; repeatedly; dramatically; subc on sciously; carelessly, regularly; while;recently ;nearly; rarely; mostly; least; oppositely; unfortunately; frankly; In addition.In short; otherwise; eventually neces

10、sarily flexibly;naturally; actually, nevertheless, fortunately,defi nitely, n arrowly, widely, practically完型填空解题技巧解题思路一：依据首句线索，紧扣主题选择。首句通常是文章的主题句，通常不设空，便于考 生对短文主题、内容或背景有个大概了解。它的目的是向考生提供时间、地点、人物、事 件、论点等有用的信息。把握了主题句，对于理解全文和解题很有帮助。1If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you

11、tried to determ ine their meaning, youwould n ot detect in terest in roma nee amongthe artists.51 ,you would see plenty of animals with people running after them.Life for ancient pe ople searned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.51. A. I nsteadB. ThereforeC. MoreoverD. Otherwis

12、e2Research has shown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussion of the cultural orpolitical problems of the day, not heated debates about films weve just watched or books weve just fini shed read ing,but pla in and simple _51_.51. A. claimB. descripti onC. gossipD. la ngua

13、ge解题思路二：顺应文意，定位选词。做题时，要充分利用上下文，找到有提示作用的词。这些 词可以是同义词、近义词或反义词，也可以是并列连词或转折连词等等。1Many people think that liste ning is a passive bus in ess. It is just the 51 one.Liste ning well is an active exercise of our atte nti on and hard work.51.A. positiveB. oppositeC. sameD. wrong2More than 2,400 years ago, the

14、 Greek historian Herodotus described the Egyptianpyramids and other monumen ts. He may have bee n the first writer to con sider that rema ins and52couldprovide in formatio n for later gen erati ons.52. A. booksB. historyC. ruinsD. scie nee3The continuous presentation of frightening stories about glo

15、bal warming in the popular media makes us unnecessarily frighte ned. Even worse, it _51_ our kids.51. A. exhaustsB. depressesC. terrifiesD. exploits解题思路三：注意固定搭配，常用句型。包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。 The departme nt for Educati on and Skills wants to 60 teachi ng of modem foreig n Ian

16、guages (MFT) at anearlier stage in the future. Primary school childre nwill getgreater_61 to foreig n Ian guage lear ning.解析：教育与技术部门将来打算在教育更早阶段提供外语教学，所以 60 选 D。61 题考查固定搭配 access to 的用法，学生需要总结相关 access 的搭配,have access to 或者 offer access to,to 是介词。60. A. permitB. en courageC. dema ndD. offer61. A. adm

17、issi onB. accessC. chaneeD. approach完形填空专项复习第 5 页 共 13 页 A traveler from a country_60_ in the VWP must obta in an Electr onic System for Travel Authorization(ESTA),an online travel authorization, established by DHS. ESTA determines, before the traveler boards a flight, whether thetraveler is_61_to t

18、ravel to the United States under the VWP and whether such travel poses any lawimplementation or security risks.60. A.perseveringB. previewingC. participatingD. promoting61. A.accessibleB. acceptableC. availableD. adaptable解题思路五：根据生活常识以及文化背景确定选项。 EFL teachers ofte n compla in that stude nts, despite

19、years of study ing En glish, simplywill not speak it. Theyre too _63_ making mistakes of the grammar or mispronouncingwords in a way that would _64_ them.63. A. confident in B. comfortable withC. keen onD. afraid of64. A. amuseB. informC. remindD. embarrass解题思路六 : 利用原词复现或同现 , 选择最佳选项。1. 在完形填空中 , 某一词语

20、通常重复出现 , 使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯 , 从而构 成一个完整的意义整体。 First of all he was a window-cleaner and in his first week he managed to _ sixwindows.A. rub B. drop C. break D. clean2. 同现指意义上相互联系的单词同时出现在同一语篇中。 一个语篇 ,一个话题 ,要求有与 之相连的词汇。1）名词同现：与一个话题或一个名词出现在同一个语境的另一个名词。如：school-primaryschoolmiddleschool collegeuniversitystu

21、dents pupilsgraduatespostgraduates2）动词同现：与一个话题或一个名词出现在同一个语境的另一个动词。如：schoolteachlearnattendfound drop outgraduatebe dismissed3） 形容词同现 ; 就某一语境而言所能出现的形容词也是有规律的。如： 在学校这个 语境中： That also explains why schoolsphysical activities to _62_ team spirit.62.A. build upB. put down3A _60_ of people now believecause

22、d by humans.60. A. mixtureB. majority解题思路四：注意同形词的辨析。 Digital fingerprinting, fluctuationsand companies organize challenging trips andC. take over D. make outin correctly that global warmi ng is not evenC. quantityD. crowd波动) in the dollar exchange rate, and a mass ofonline information are some of th

23、e ways making travel to the United Nations in 2010 adifferent_51_ for international visitors than it was earlier in the 21stcentury.51. A. experimentB. examinationC. experienceD. excursion完形填空专项复习第6页共 13 页(key) school (optional) course (compulsory ) course4)结构同现：结构同现批搭配之类的句型和成对出现的短语。如：1someothers; o

24、n one hand,on the other hand; former ,latter; sothat; notonly but also; hardly/scarcelywhen；no sooner than ；be about to do /be doing /haddone /be on the point of doing/be to do/be ready to do/be on the way when ；I put my head in, expecting the worst. But to my surprise, the room wasn empty at all.It

25、 had furniture, curtains, a TV, and even paintings on the wall. And then on the well-made be d sat Amy, my new ,dressed n eatly.A. roommate B. classmate C. n eighbor D. compa nion2The 60 Knows. .Smell, however, does seem to play a part in huma n attract ion.60. A. NoseB. EyeC. HeartD. Hand解题思路七：仔细分析

26、长难句。找出句子主干，主从句，定语状语等。In today American society, high school dropout has day by day grown into a big problem threate ning socialand econo mic stability, as many cases of family_ 51_or eventragedies, caused by youth dropout are grabb ing headli nes in media.51.A. object ionsB. con flictsC. establishme

27、 ntsD. happ in ess答案：B。长难句分析，第一层是 as 引导的原因状语从句，主句是 school dropout hasgrown into a big problem.后面紧跟 动名词做定语。As 从句中 caused 过去分词作后置定语。在进行句子分析时，一定注意把定语等找出来。 In many countries, the Ianguage of education is not the same as the Ianguage of thehome for 53 the majority of children . Furthermore, in many count

28、ries, young Ianguage learners comprise the mostrapidly growing segment of the elementary (primary) school population. 54 While in some schools there is no extrasupport to help young Ianguage lear ners acquire the Ian guage of in struct ion, in most coun tries where there are largenu mbers of young l

29、earners, there is a 55aware ness of their special n eeds.55. A. reduci ngB. watch ingC. grow ingD. slipp ing解析：55 题根据前文可以推断出选C. growing 表示提高的意识。可以对这个长句子进行长难句分析： 首先是 while 引导的让步状语从句。在 while 从句中运用了 help sbdo sth 的结构。在主句中,where 引导的定语从句，先行词是 countries.解题思路八：仔细推敲，注重逻辑。做完完形填空题后，要根据所选答案迅速地把文章完整地读一遍，看语法、惯用法

30、对不对；看是否符合上下文的逻辑；看是否符合故事情节的发展，以便更正可能的错误选择。一个完整的语篇应该是符合逻辑的，文章逻辑关系的取得主要靠过渡词的使用。作者利用转承语保证 文章的逻辑，学生在做完形填空时应通过自己对上下文的理解，找到适当的逻辑关系，然后选择正确的过渡词。学生必掌握常见的过渡词：1.递进in additi on, furthermore, aga in, also, besides, moreover, what matters worse, to make things worse , worse still2 上匕较in the same way, as with, simi

31、larly, equally, in comparis on, just as3 对照s more, what s worse, t(完形填空专项复习第7页共 13 页in con trast, on the other hand, in stead, however, n evertheless, un like, on the con trary, while4因果because, because of, for, since, due to, owing to, tha nks to, as a result (of), so, thus5强调certa inly, above all,

32、 in deed, of course, surely, actually, as a matter of fact, especially,i n particular, absolutely6让步although, though, after all, in spite of7 举例for example, for instanee, that is, namely, such as, in other words, in this case, by way of illustrati on.8. 时间和空间afterward, after, first, later, the n, so

33、on, fin ally, at lastoutside, near, beyond, above, below, on the right(left), in the middle, opposite, in front of9. 总结to sum up, to conclude, in a word, in short, in brief, all in all, in all, in summary表示转折关系：例 1:a survey of 99 green buildings in America found that on average, they use 30% less en

34、ergy than conventionalbuildings. . . The traditional approach of trying to minimizecon struct ion costs, _58_ , can lead to higher en ergy bills and wasted materials.58. A. in retur nB. for in sta neeC. by con trast D. in gen eral答案解析：绿色建筑比传统建筑少用30%的能源，与之形成对比的是，传统建筑会导致更高的能源成本及材料的浪费。所以选C,与上文形成转折对比。例

35、2:The followingnumbers would be 55for most of us to remember.1492178919931848. But look at them in“ chunks ” , and it becomes much a8r. 149219931848.55. A. convenientB. impossibleC. meanin gfulD. tech nical答案解析：两句之间的But 表明是转折关系，下文出现了“it becomes much easier，所以此空要填的词与 easier 形成对比，即选 B,impossible。表示因果关

36、系：例 1:_ 51_ its artful desig n and some fancy tech no logy, it is expected to con sume up to 50% less en ergy tha n aconven ti onal office buildi ng.51. A. In place ofB. Tha nks to C. In spite of D. In addition to完形填空专项复习第8页共 13 页答案解析：句意是 由于艺术性的设计及奇特的技术，环保建筑大楼比传统的办公大楼少 消耗 50%的能源”所以此空可得出答案为 B。a surve

37、y of 99 gree n buildi ngs in America found that on average, they use 30% less en ergy than conven ti onal buildings. So any additi onal buildi ng costs can be_ 57_quickly.57. A. recovered B. gainedC. coun tedD. valued答案解析：句意是绿色建筑比传统建筑少用30%能源,所以增加的建筑成本可以很快回收。”提示词 So,表明上下文为因果关系，所以选 A.表示并列关系:. improve

38、employee s health and productivity, reduce legal liability, and 56_ property values andren tal retur ns.例题及练习Every one in bus in ess has bee n told that success is all about attract ing and retaining （留住） customers. It soundssimple and achievable. But, 50, words of wisdom are soon forgotte n.Once co

39、mpa nies have attracted customers they ofte n51the sec ond half of the story .In theexcitement of beating off the competition, negotiating prices, securing orders, and delivering the product, managers tend tobecome carried away. They forget what they regard as the boring side of bus in ess 52 that t

40、he customer rema ins acustomer.53 to concen trate on retai ning as well as attracti ng customers costs bus in ess huge amounts of money annually.It has been estimated that the average company loses between 10 and 30 per cent of its customers every years. Inconstantly changing 54, this is not surpris

41、ing.What is surpris ing is the fact that few compa nies have any idea how many customers they have lost.Only now are orga ni zati ons begi nning to wake up to those lost opport un ities and calculate the 55_implicati ons. Cutting dow n the nu mber of customers a compa ny loses can make a big _56 in

42、its performanee. Research in the US found that56. A. i nvolveB.enhanceC. shareD.show答案解析：句意是绿色环保建筑能够改善员工的健康及生产力，并且增加建筑的价值及租金回报，根据 and 可看出此空是与前面的improve 构成并列。四个选项中，只有 B 表示 增强或提高”，所以答案为 B。表示条件关系:例 1:Life would be so much easier if we could remember things _5151. A. effortlesslyB.purposC. exactlyD. car

43、elessly答案解析：句意是生活将变的更容易，如果记忆不费力气。”所以选 A。表示解说关系:there is nothing61_times.about these methodsthey were aroundeven in ancient61. A. effectiveB. awfulC. valuableD. new答案解析：句意是折号表示解释说明这些方法没有什么新颖之处，所以选 D。-他们在古代就已经有了。句中的破完形填空专项复习第9页共 13 页a five per cent decrease in the number of defect ing （流失的）customers l

44、ed to 57in creases of betwee n 25 and 85per cent.In the US, Domi no s Pizza estimates that a regular customer is worth more tha n $5,000 over ten years. A customerwho receives a poor quality product or service on their first visit and_58n ever retur ns, is los ing the compa ny thousa nds of dollars

45、in 59 profits （more if you con sider how many people they arelikely to tell about their bad experie nee）.The logic behind cultivating customer 60 is impossible to deny. Inpractice most companies marketing effort is focusedon getting customers, with little attention paid to _61 them ” s ays Adria n P

46、ayne of Corn field Uni versity School of Manageme nt. “ Researclsuggests that there is a close relati on ship betwee n retai ning customers and mak ing profits.62customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to service tha n new customers. Furthermore, they tend tobe less price 6

47、3, and may provide free word-of-mouth advertising.Retai ning customers also makes it 64 for competitors to en ter a market or in crease their share of a market.50. A. in particularB. in realityC. at leastD. first of all51. A. emphasizeB. doubtC. overlookD. believe52. A. denyingB. en suri ngC. arguin

48、gD. prov ing53. A. MovingB. Hopi ngC. Starti ngD. Faili ng54. A. marketsB. tastesC. pricesD. expenses55. A. cultureB. socialC. finan cialD. Econo mical56. A. promiseB. pla nC. mistakeD. differe nee57. A. costB. opport unityC. profitD.budget58. as a resultB. on the wholeC. in con clusi onD. on the co

49、n trary59. A. hugeB. pote ntialC. extraD. reas on able60. A. beliefsB. loyaltyC. habitsD. in terest61. A. alteringB. un dersta ndingC. keep ingD. attract ing62. A. AssumedB. RespectedC. EstablishedD. Un expected63. A. agreeableB. flexibleC. frie ndlyD. sen sitive64. A. unfairB. difficultC. esse ntia

50、lD. convenientKeys : 5054. BCBDA55 59. CDCAB60 64. BCCDB词汇整理：in particular 尤其特另 Uon the whole 整体而言on the con trary 相反地regular customer 常客,老顾客（听力常考词）2. 高频动词： emphasize, overlook, en sure, deny, assume, alter3. 高频名词：taste（品味，审美）,expense, budget, profit, loyalty, share（股份）4. 高频形容词：financial, economical

51、（ 节俭的）,potential（n. 潜力）,agreeable, flexible, sensitive, un fair, esse ntial,特殊句型理解：1. Only now are orga ni zati ons beg inning to wake up to those lost opport un ities and calculate the 55 implicati ons.Only+时间状语，部分倒装。完形填空专项复习第10页共 13 页2. Retai ning customers also makes it 64 for competitors to en t

52、er a market or in crease their share of a market.it ” 做形式宾语 ,替代 “ to en ter a market or in crease their share of a market.强化练习Harvard LibraryIf we compare professors and students to the host of a university, then the library of a university can be compared to thehallway. The quality of a university,

53、 _51_, is in direct proportion to that of its library. At Harvard, the library is an essentialpart of everybody life. Both the qua ntity and the _52_ of the library make study a pleasa nt process.Harvard Library is not only the most ancient library in the United States, but the largest university li

54、brary with the largestscale. In 1638 John Harvard _53_ his whole library to the then Harvard College. After 300 years of developme nt, thelibrary now holds 10milli on booksand _54_ more than 100 branch libraries. In addition to the libraries owned by each school, there are some branchlibraries that

55、are _55_ in some aspects. While most of the branch libraries are on Harvard campus, some are as far as inWashington, D.C., or even in Florence of Italy. Yenching Library is famous for its _56_ of East Asian literature. LamontLibrary is the first library in the world that is _57_ for undergraduates.

56、Widener Library is the largest library in Harvard, onlysec ond to Library of Con gress.What _58_ to be men ti oned is the system or rather the service of the libraries. Usually the libraries are ope n from9 a.m. to 5 p.m. The main libraries are ope n un til 10 p.m. The libraries for undergraduates w

57、ill even be open all night duringthe _59_ period. The libraries also provide with students the service of _60_ reading materials for all courses. At thebeginning of a semester, each teacher will give a list of books to the libraria ns. The libraria ns are _61_ to find out thesebooks and put them at

58、the places where stude nts can easily find them.There is no limitati on for the nu mber of books that stude nts can borrow. As the space for the library is limited, manybooks are _62_ in suburban library. Despite this, students can go to fetch the book at the _63_ library with in 24 hoursafter they

59、submit request for that book. Even if there is only one book to be fetched from the suburban library, the libraries oncampus will send some one to do the job. This ki nd of _64_ which put readers in the first place is rare eve n in Ivyeague. Therefore, study at Harvard will be a(n) _65_ experie nee.

60、51.A.as a resultB. to some exte ntC. on the con traryD. at all times52.A.i nflue neeB. discipli neC. qualityD. prospect53.A. don atedB. assig nedC. adaptedD. distributed54.A.c ontainsB. composesC. in volvesD. in cludes55.A.i nformativeB. differe ntC.secureD. peculiar56.A.collectio nsB. docume ntsC.