医学博士英语真题及答案

1、2021医学博士英语统一入学测试试卷PaperOnePartIListeningComprehension(30%)SectionADirections:Inthissectionyouwillhearfifteenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearaquestionaboutwhatissaid.Thequestionwillbereadonlyonce.Afteryouhearthequestion,readthefourpossibleanswersmarkedA,B,Ca

2、ndD,ChoosethebestanswerandmarktheletterofyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.Listentothefollowingexample.Youwillhear:Woman:Ifeelfaint.Man:Nowonder.Youhaven'thadabiteallday.Question:What'sthematterwiththewomanYouwillread:A. Sheissick.B. Shewasbittenbyanant.C. Sheishungry.D. Shespilledherpaint.HereCist

3、herightanswer.SampleAnswerABCDNowlet'sbeginwithquestionNumber1.1. A.She'slookingforagirl.B. Sheneedsanewpurse.C. She'sgoingtogiveabirthdayparty.D. Shewantstogoshoppingwithhermom.2. A.Shebearsnoisesinherearsdayandnight.B. Shehasbeenoverworkingforalongtime.C. Herrightear,hurtinanaccident,i

4、stroublingher.D. Herearringsaregivinghertroubledayandnight.3. A.He'llgotoseeMr.Whiteat10:30.B. He'dliketomakeanearlierappointmentC. He'dliketocanceltheappointment.D. He'dliketoseeanotherdentist.4. A.8:00B.8:15C.8:40D.8:455. A.Inahotel.B.Atafastfoodbar.C.Inthesupermarket.D.Inthedepart

5、mentstore.6. A.Toresignrightaway.B. Toworkonemoredayaschairman.C. Tothinktwicebeforehemakesthedecision.D. Toreceivefurthertraininguponhisresignation.7. A.Shedidn'tdoanythinginparticular.B. ShesendawoundedpersontotheER.C. ShehadtoworkintheER.D. Shewenttskiing.8. A.Acustomsofficer.B.Theman'smo

6、ther.C.Aschoolheadmaster.D.Animmigrationofficer.9. A.Itfeelsasiftheroomisgoingaround.B. ItfeelslikeakindofunsteadinessC. Itfeelsasifsheisfallingdown.D. Itfeelsasifsheisgoingaround.10. A.Johnhashiddensomethinginthetree.B. JohnhimselfshouldbeblamedC. Johnhasadogthatbarksalot.D. Johnisunlucky.11. A.The

7、chemistryhomeworkisdifficult,B. Thechemistryhomeworkisfun.C. Themathhomeworkisdifficult.D. Themathhomeworkisfun.12. A.Hisbackache.B. Hisbrokenleg,C. Hisskinproblem.D. Hiseyecondition.13. A.Whoopingcough,smallpoxandmeasles.B. Whoopingcough,chickenpoxandmeasles.C. Whoopingcough,smallpoxandGermanmeasle

8、s.D.Whoopingcough,chickenpoxandGermanmeasles14. A.Saturdaymorning,B.Saturdaynight.C.Sundayafternoon.D.Nextweekend.15. A.He'slosthisnotebook.B. Hishandwritingismessy.C. He'llmissclasslaterthisweek.D. Hecannotmakeitforhisappointment.SectionBDirection:Inthissectionyouwillhearoneconversationandt

9、wopassages,aftereachofwhich,youwillhearfivequestions.Aftereachquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersmarkedA,B,CandD,ChoosethebestanswerandmarktheletterofyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.Conversation16. A.Heishavingaphysicalcheckup.B. Hehasjustundergoneanoperation.C. Hehasjustrecoveredfromanillness.D. Hewillb

10、edischargedfromthehospitalthisafternoon.17. A.Hegotaninfectioninthelungs.B. Hehadhisgallbladderinflamed.C. Hewassufferingfrominfluenza.D. Hehaddevelopedabigkidneystone.B.Terriblyawful.18. A.Alotbetter.C.Couldn'tbebetter.D.Okay,butabitweak.19. A.Tobeconfinedtoawheelchair.B. Tostayindoorsforacompl

11、eterecovery.C. Tostayinbedanddrinkalotofwater.D.Tomoveaboutandenjoythesunshine.20. A.From4pmto6pm.B.From5pmto7pm.C.From6pmto8pm.D.From7pmto9pm.PassageOne21. A.Thelinkbetweenweightlossandsleepdeprivation.B. Thelinkbetweenweightgainandsleepdeprivation.C. Thelinkbetweenweightlossandphysicalexercise.D.

12、Thelinkbetweenweightgainandphysicalexercise.22. A.Morethan68,000.B.Morethan60,800.C.Morethan60,080,D.Morethan60,008.23. A.Seven-hoursleepergainedmoreweightovertimethan5-hourones.B.Five-hoursleepersgainedmoteweightovert/methan7-hourones.C.Short-sleeperswere15%morelikelytobecomeobese.D.Short-sleepersc

13、onsumefewercaloriesthanlongsleepers:24. A.Overeatingamongthesleep-deprived.B. Littleexerciseamongthesleep-deprived.C. Lowermetabolicrateresultingfromlesssleep.D. Highermetabolicrateresultingfromlesssleep,25. A.Exerciseeveryday.B.Takedietpills.C.Goonadiet.D.Sleepmore.PassageTwo26. A.Sheistoohardonme.

14、B. Sheaskstoomanyquestions.C. Sheisalwaysconsiderateofmyfeelings.D. Sheisthemeanestmotherintheneighborhood.27. A.AuniversityinstructorB.Ateachingassistant.C.A.student.D.Apsychiatrist.28. A.Theyusuallysayno.B.Theyusuallysayyes.C.Theyusuallywaitandsee.D.Theyusuallyrefusetosayanything.29. A.Theyareover

15、confident.B.Theirbrainsgrowtoofast.C.Theyarepsychologicallydependent.D.Theirbrainsarestillimmatureinsomeareas.30. A.Beeasyonyourteen.B. Trytobemeantoyourteen.C. Saynotoyourteenwhennecessary.D. Don'tcareaboutyourteen'sfeelings.PartII.Vocabulary(10%)SectionADirections:Inthissectionallthestatem

16、entsareincomplete,beneatheachofwhicharefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethewordorphrasethatcanbestcompletethestatementandmarktheletterofyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.31. Anumberofblackyouthshavecomplainedofbeingbythepolice.A.harassedB.distractedC.sentencedD.released32. Herapidlybecame_withhisown

17、powerintheteam.A.irrigatedB.irradiatedC.inoculatedD.intoxicated33. Throughouthispoliticalcareerhehasalwaysbeeninthe.A.twilightB.spotlightC.streetlightD.torchlight34. We_thatdietisrelatedtomosttypesofcancerbutwedon'thavedefiniteproof.A.suspendB:superveneC.superviseD.suspect35. Apatientwhoisdyingo

18、fincurablecancerofthethroatisinterriblepain,whichcannolongerbesatisfactorily.A.alleviatedB.abolishedC.demolishedD.diminished36. Thetelevisionstationissupportedby_fromfoundationsandothersources.A.donationsB.pensionsC.advertisementsD.accounts37. Morelegislationisneededtoprotecttheproperlyrightsofthepa

19、tent.A.integrativeB.intellectualC.intelligentD,intelligible38. Officialsaresupposedtothemselvestothewelfareandhealthofthegeneralpublic.A.adaptB.confineC.commitD.assess39. Youshouldstopyourconditionanddosomethingaboutit.A.drawingonB.touchingonC.leaningonD.dwellingon40. Theauthorofthebookhasshownhisre

20、markablykeenintohumannature.A.perspectiveB.dimensionC.insightD.reflectionSectionBDirections:Inthissectioneachofthefollowingstatementshasawordor.phraseunderlined,beneathwhicharefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethewordorphrasewhichcanbestkeepthemeaningoftheoriginalsentenceifitissubstitutedforth

21、eunderlinedpart.Thenmark.theletterofyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET,41.Thechemicalwasfoundtobedetrimentaltohumanhealth.A.toxicB.immuneC.sensitiveD.allergic42. Itwillbeadevastatingblowforthepatient,ifthecliniccloses.A.permanentB.desperateC.destructiveD.sudden43. Hekepttellingusabouthisoperationinthemostgr

22、aphicdetail.A.verifiableB.explicitC.preciseD.ambiguous44. Thedifficultcasetestedtheingenuityofeventhemostskillfulphysician.A.credibilityB.commitmentC;honestyD.talent45. Heleftimmediatelyonthepretextthathahadtocatchtrain.A.claimB.clueC.excuseD.circumstance46.A.anguishB.regretC.apologyD.griefThenursew

23、asfilledwithremorsefornotbelievingher.47.48.A.delicateB.communicativeWhetherapersonlikesaroutineC.skillfulofficejobornotD.consideratedependslargelyonThedoctortriedtofindatactfulwayoftellingherthetruth.temperament.A.dispositionB.qualificationC.temptationD.endorsement49.ThedoctorruledoutFriday'ssu

24、rgeryforthepatient'sunexpectedcomplications.A,confirmedB.facilitatedC.postponedD.cancelled50.Itisnoteasytoremaintranquilwheneventssuddenlychangeyourlife.'A.cautiousB.motionlessC:calmD.alertPart III Cloze(10%)Directions:Inthissectionthereisapassagewithtennumberedblanks.Foreachblank,therearefo

25、urchoicesmarkedA,B,CandDlistedbelowthepassage,ChoosethebestanswerandmarktheletterofyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.Expertssayabout1%ofyoungwomenintheUnitedStatesarealmoststarvingthemselvestoday.Theyaresufferingfromasicknesscalledanorexia.Theseyoungwomenhaveanabnormalfearofgettingfat.They51starvethemselve

26、ssotheyweighatleast15%lessthantheirnormalweight.TheNationalInstituteofMentalHealthsaysone52tencasesofanorexialeadstoseriousmedicalproblems.Thesepatientscandiefromheartfailureorhediseasecanleadyoungwomento53themselves.Forexample,formergymnastChristyHenrichdiedatage22.Sheweighedonly6lpounds.Apersonwit

27、hanorexiafirstdevelopjointandmuscleproblems.Thereisalackofironintheblood.54thesicknessprogresses,ayoungwoman'sbreathing,heartbeat,and.bloodpressureratesslowdown.Theimportantsubstancecalciumis55fromthebones,sometimescausingbonestobreak.Sometimesthebraingetssmaller,causingchangesin56apersonthinksa

28、ndacts.Scientistssaymanypatientshavefurthermentalandemotionalproblems.Theyhave57opinionsaboutthemselves.Theyfeelhelpless.Theirattemptstobecomeextremelythinmay5_8effortstotakecontroloftheirlives.Theymaysufferfromfearfulnessorcontinueddeepsadness.Calleddepression.Theymaybecomedependentonillegaldrugs.S

29、omepeoplealsofeeltheneedtocontinuallyrepeata(n)59.Forexample,theymayrepeatedlywashtheirhandsalthoughtheirhandsareclean.Anorexiaisaseriouseating60.lfitisnottreatedontime,itcanbefatal.51.A,specificallyB.purposelyC.particularlyD.passionately52.A.fromB.ofC.atD.in53.A.killB.starveC.abuseD.worsen54,A.When

30、B.WhileC.AsD.Since55.A.lostB.derivedC.generatedD.synthesized56.A.whatB.whyC.howD.which57.A,goodB.highC.lowerD.poor58.A.representB.makeC.presentD.exert59.A.medicationB.illusionCmotionD.action:60.A.habitB.behaviorC.disorderD.patternPart IV ReadingComprehension(30%)Directions:Inthissectiontherearesixpa

31、ssages,eachofwhichisfollowedbyfivequestions.ForeachquestiontherearefourpossibleanswersmarkedA,13,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandmarktheletterofyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.PassageOneChildrenshouldavoidusingmobilephonesforallbutessentialcallsbecauseofpossiblehealtheffectsonyoungbrains.Thisisoneoftheexpect

32、edconclusionsofanofficialgovernmentreporttobepublishedthisweek.Thereportisexpectedtocallforthemobilephoneindustrytorefrainfrompromotingphoneusebychildren,andstartlabelingphoneswithdataontheamountofradiationtheyemitTheindependentExpertGrouponMobilePhones,chairedbyformergovernmentchiefscientistWilliam

33、Stewart,hasspenteightmonthsreviewingexistingscientificevidenceonallaspectsofthehealtheffectsofusingmobilephones.Itsreportisbelievedtoconcludethatbecausewedon'tfullyunderstandthenonthermaleffectsofradiationonhumantissue,thegovernmentshouldadoptaprecautionaryapproach,particularlyinrelationtochildr

34、en.Thereiscurrentlynoevidencethatmobilephonesharmusersorpeoplelivingneartransmittermasts.Butsomestudiesshowthatcell-phonesoperatingatradiationlevelswithincurrentsafetylimitsdohavesortofbiologicaleffectonthebrain.JohnTattersall,aresearcheronthehealtheffectsofradiationattheDefenseEvaluationandResearch

35、Agency'ssiteatPortanDown,agreesthatitmightbewisetolimitphoneusebychildren."Ifyouhaveadevelopingnervoussystem,it'sknowntobemoresusceptibletoenvironmentalinsults,"hesays."Soifphonesdidprovetobehazardous-whichtheyhaven'tyet-itwouldbesensible."In1998,Tattersallshowedthatr

36、adiationlevelssimilartothoseemittedbymobilephonescouldaltersignalsfrombraincellsinslicesofratbrain."Whatwe'vefoundisaneffect,butwedon'tknowifit'shazardous,"hesays.AlanPreeceoftheUniversityofBristol,whofoundlastyearthatmicrowavesincreasereactiontimesintestsubjects,agreedthatchil

37、dren'sexposurewouldbegreater."There'salotlesstissueintheway,andtheskullisthinner,sochildren'sheadsareconsiderablycloser,"hesays.Stewart'sreportislikelytorecommendthatthecurrentBritishsafetystandardsonenergyemissionsfromcell-phonesshouldbecuttothelevelrecommendedbytheInterna

38、tionalCommissiononNon-IonizingRadiationProtection,whichisone-fifthofthecurrentBritishlimit."Theextrasafetyfactoroffiveissomewhatarbitrary,"saysMichaelClarkoftheNationalRadiologicalProtectionBoard."Butweacceptthatit'sdifficultfortheUKtohavedifferentstandardsfromaninternationalbody.

39、"61. Justbecauseithasnotbeenconfirmedyetwhethermobilephoneemissionscanharmhumantissue,accordingtothegovernmentreport,itdoesnotmeanthat.A. thegovernmentshouldprohibitchildrenfromusingcellphonesB. weshouldputdownthephoneforthesakeofsafetyC.theindustrycanhavearighttopromotephoneuseD.childrenaresaf

40、eusingcellphones62. TattersallarguesthatitiswisetorefrainmobilephoneusebychildrenintermofA. theirneuraldevelopmentB. theirill-designedcellphonesC. thefrequencyoftheirirrationaluseD. theirignoranceofitspossiblehealtheffects63. Ontheissueinquestion,Preece.A. doesnotagreewithTattersallB. triestoremovet

41、heobstaclesinthewayC. asksforfurtherinvestigationD. wouldstandbyStewart64. WhatisworrisomeatpresentisthattheUKA. isgoingtoturndeafearstothevoiceofStewart'splanB. findsitdifficulttocutthecurrentsafetystandardsonphoneuseC. maintainsdifferentstandardsonsafetylimitfromtheinternationalonesD. doesnote

42、venimposesafetylimitonthemobilephones'energyemissions65. WhichofthefollowingcanbethebestcandidateforthetitleofthepassageA. BrainWave.B. ForAdultsOnly.C. CatchThemYoung.D. TheAnswerintheAir.PassageTwoAdvancesincosmeticsdentistryandplasticsurgeryhavemadeitpossibletocorrectfacialbirthdefects,repair

43、damagedteethandtissue,andpreventorgreatlydelaytheonsetoftoothdecayandgumdisease.Asaresult,morepeoplesmilemoreoftenandmomopenlytodaythaneveninthepast,andwecanexpectmoresmilesinthefuture.Evidenceofthesmile'sascentmaybeseeninfamouspaintingsinmuseumsandgalleriesthroughouttheworld.Thevastmajorityofpr

44、osperousbigwigs,voluptuousnudes,ormiddle-classfamilymembersinformalportraitsanddomesticscenesappeartohavetheirmouthsfirmlyclosed.Soldiersinbattle,childrenatplay,beggars,oldpeople,andespeciallyvillains(likethetorturersinmartyrdomandcrucifixionscenes)mayhavetheirmouthsopen;buttheirsmilesareseldomattra

45、ctive,andmoreoftensuggeststrainorviolencethanjoy.Smilesconveyawiderangeofmeaningsindifferenterasandcultures,saysarthistorianAngusTrumble,currentlycuratorofYaleUniversity'sCenterforBritishArt,inhisbookABriefHistoryoftheSmile.Compare,forinstance,thevaryingimpressionsmadebytheshydimplesofLeonardo&#

46、39;sMonaLisa;therosy-cheeked,mustachioedLaughingCavalierofFransHals;andthe"SmileyFace"logoperfected(thoughnotinvented)in1963byAmericangraphicartistHarveyR.Ball.Insomenon-Westerncultures,Trumblenotes,evenawarm,opensmiledoesnotnecessarilyindicatepleasureoragreement.Itcansimplybeapolitemaskto

47、coveremotionsconsideredtoorudeorshockingtobeopenlydisplayed.Subtledifferencesinmusclemovementcanconveyenormousdifferencesinemotion,fromthetranquilityofbronzeBuddhas,totheeroticblissofcouplesentwinedinstoneonHindutemples,tothefiercesmirkofaguardiandemonattheentrancetoaChinesetomb.Trumbleexpectstheimp

48、actofWesternmedicineandmassmediatofurtherincreasethepressureonpeopletogrinbroadlyandlaughopenlyinpublic."Faintsmilesareincreasinglythoughtofinscientificandpsychologicalcirclesassomethingthatfallsshortofthe'true'smile,"and.thereforesuggestinsincerityorlackofenthusiasm,hesays.Withtat

49、tooing,bodypiercing,andpermanentcosmeticsalreadywellestablishedasfashiontrends,onecanimaginetomorrow'sbeautyshopsaddingplasticsurgeonsanddentiststotheirstaffs.Thesecorner-storecosmeticianswouldofferstylemakeoverstoreshapeourlips,teeth,andjawlinestomimicthesignaturesmileofone'sfavoritecelebri

50、ty.Whatcanyousaytothatexcept"Haveaniceday"66. Haditnotbeenforcosmeticadvances,asinferredfromthepassage,.A. peoplewouldnothavebeenashappyastheyaretoday.B. therateoffacialbirthdefectswouldnothavedeclinedC. therewouldnothavebeenmanymoreopensmilesD. wewouldnothaveseensmilingfacesinpublic67. Ac

51、cordingtothepassage,itseemsthatwhetherthereisasmileetnotintheportraitsorpicturesisdecidedby_A. one'sinternalsenseoftheexternalworldB. one'sidentityorsocialpositionC. one'stimesofexistenceD. alloftheabove68. Trumble'sstudyonsmilesshowsthat.A. anopensmilecanserveasacover-upB. thefamous

52、portraitsradiatevaryingsmilesC. eventhehumanmusclescanarousevaryingemotionsD. smilescanrepresentmisinterpretationsofdifferenterasandcultures69.WhatTrumbleexpectstoseeis.A. theincreasingtendencyofbroadgrinsandopensmilesinpublicB. furtherimpactofWesternmedicineuponnon-WesternculturesC. awiderrangeofme

53、aningstobeconveyedbysmilesD. moreofsincerityandenthusiasminpublic70. Attheendofthepassage,theauthorimplicates.A. afortunetocomewithcosmeticadvancesB. anidenticalsmileforeverybodyC. futurechangesinlifestyleD. thefutureofsmilesPassageThreeAdolfHitlersurvivedanassassinationattemptin1944withthehelpofpen

54、icillinmadebytheAllies,amicrobiologistintheUKclaims.IftheNazileaderhaddiedfrom-bacterialinfectionofhismanywounds,theSecondWorldWarmighthavebeenoverayearearlier,savingmillionsoflives,saysMiltonWainwrightoftheUniversityofSheffiel,anotedhistorianofmicrobiology.InapapertobepublishedsooninPerspectivesinB

55、iologyandMedicine,Wainwrightrevealsfirst-handevidencethatHitlerwastreatedwithpenicillinbyhispersonaldoctor,TheeMorrell,followinganassassinationattemptinwhichabombinasuitcaseexplodednexttoHitler'sdesk,Hitlerwasbadlyhurt,fleeingthescenewithhishairandtrousersonfire,abadlybleedingarmandcountlesswood

56、ensplinterwoundsfromtheoaktablethatprobablysavedhislife.WainwrightfoundconfirmationthatMorrellgaveHitlerantibioticsasaprecautioninarecenttranslationofMorrell'sowndiary.Ihappenedtobereadingitforinterestwhenthewordpenicillinjumpedoutatme,"hesays.HethensetabouttryingtoestablishwhereMorrellmigh

57、thavegotthedrug.Atthetime,penicillinwasavailableonlytotheAllies;GermanandCzechoslovakian:teamshadtriedwithoutmuchsuccesstomakeit,Wainwrightsays,butthesmallquantitiesthatwereavailablewereweakandimpure."It'sgenerallyacceptedthatitwasnogood,"saysWainwright.HereasonsthatMorrellwouldonlyhav

58、eriskedgivingHitlerpenicillintopreventinfectiousifhewereconfidentthattheantibioticwouldcure,notkilltheGermanpremier."MyresearchshowsthatMorrell,inaverydodgypositionasHitler'sdoctor,wouldonlyhaveusedpurestuff."AndtheonlyreliablepenicillinwasthatmadebytheAllies.SowheredidMorrellgetitWainwright'sinvestigationsrevealedthatAlliedairmencarriedpenicillin,sotheGermansmayhaveconfiscatedsomefromprisonersofwar.TheothermorelikelysourceisfromneutralcountriessuchasSpain,whichreceivedpenicillinfromAl