英语四级重点纲要

1、、语法局部考查重点1虚拟语气的考点为：would rather + that 从句 +般过去时；It is vital / n ecessary/ importa nt / urge nt/ imperative / desirable / advisable / n atural / essential+ that + should 丨动词原形；proposal/suggesti on+ that+动词原形；It is time / about time / high time + that+ 般过去时；lest+ that + should + 动词原形；if only + that+ w

2、ould +动词原形。2、状语从句的考点为：非if引导的条件状语从句，此类句子多用at times, provided , so long as, in case, once等来替代if ；由even if/so, now that, for all等引导的让步状语从句；just/hardly.when 弓丨导的时间状语从句；more than, as.as, not so much as , the same as,as much as等引导的比拟状语从句。3、独立主格结构多以逻辑主语+分词的形式出现。4、情态动词多与完成时形式连用。5、 定语从句重点考查介词+关系代词which丨和as作为

3、关系代词。二、词汇局部考查重点1 动词、名词与介词的搭配如：popular/patient + with ； yield/ solution/adapt/transfer/access to； accuse/require + of； charge+ for ； under+ discussion 等等。2、 习惯用法如： confess to/set about/be used to+ doing ； be supposed tc/ have/make sb. + do等。3、 由同一动词构成的短语如：come, go, set, break等构成的短语。4、单个的动词，抽象名词，形容词和副

4、词多以近义词、同义词的形式出现。5、介词短语在句中作状语如：in terms of ; with the exception of ; in vain等，另外还应注意rather than, other than, such as, none/nothing + but 等词在考题中的出现。三、专四重要词组1. abide by(=be faithful to ; obey)忠于；遵守。2. be abse nt from缺席，不在3. absenee of mind(=being absent-minded) 心不在焉4. absorb(=take up the attention of)吸

5、引的注意力(被动语态)be absorbed i n全神贯注于 近 be en grossed in ; be lost in ; be rapt in ;be concen trated on ; be focused on ; be cen tered on5. (be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with)富于，富有 6. access(to)(不可数名词 ) 能接近，进入，了解7. by accident(=by chanee, accidentally)偶然地，意外.Without accident(=safely) 平安地，8

6、. of one ' s own accord(=without being asked; wiliygfreely)自愿地 ，主 动地9. in accord with 与 一致 .out of one ' s accorc同with.不一致10. with one accord (=with everybody agree ing) 致地11. in accordanee with (=in agreement with) 依照，根据12. on one' own account 1)为了某人的缘故，为了某人自己的利益 2) (=at one' own ri

7、sk) 自行负责 3) (=by on eself)依靠自己 on acco unt 赊账;on acco unt of 因为;on no acco unt 不管 什么原因也不;ofaccount有.重要性.13. take into acco un t(=c on side把考虑进去14. give sb. an account of 说明，解释(理由)15. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释，说明.16. on account of (=because of) 由于，因为.17. on no account(=in no

8、 case，for no reason)绝不要，无论如何不要(放句首时句 子要倒装)18. accuse of (=charge with; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain aboi控，控 告19. be accustomed to (=be in the habit of，be used to)习惯于.20. be acqua in ted with(=to have kno wledge of) 了解;(=to have met socially ) 熟悉21. act on奉行，按照行动；act as扮演；act for

9、代理22. adapt on eself to(=adjust on eself to) 使自己适应于23. adapt (for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need改编，改写(以适应新的需要)24. in addition (=besides)此外，又，加之25. in addition to(=as well as，besides，other than)除夕卜26. adhere to (=abide by，conform to, comply with，cli ng to, in sist on，pe rsist in，observe，opinion

10、， belief )粘附；坚持，遵循27. adjacent(=next to, close to)毗邻的，临近的28. adjust.(to) (=change slightly)调节；适应；29. admit of (=be capable of, leave room for) 的可能，留有的余地.30. in advanee (before in time) 预告, 事先.31. to advantage有利的，使优点更加突出地.32. have an advantage over 胜过.have the advantage of 由于 处于有利条件have theadva ntage

11、 of sb.知道某人所不知道的事33. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness) 利用 .34. agree with 赞同 (某人意见 ) agree to 同意35. in agreement (with) 同意 , 一致36. ahead of 在之前,超过； .ahead of time提前.37. in the air 1)不肯定 , 不具体 . 2)在谣传中 .38. above all (=especially, most important of all)

12、 尤其是 , 最重要的 .39. in all (=counting everyone or everything, altogether) 总共 , 总计40. after all 毕竟,到底； (not) at all 一点也不 ； all at once(=suddenly) 突然； once and for all 只此 一次； above all 最重要的 ； first of all 首先； all in all 大体上说 ； be all in 累极了 ； all but 几乎.41. allow for (=take into consideration, take into

13、account) 考虑到 , 估计到 .42. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计 , 等于 .43. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 对负责 .44. answer to (=conform to) 适合,符合 .45. be anxious about 为焦急不安 ； 或 anxious for46. apologize to sb. for sth. 为向抱歉47. appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁 . appeal

14、to sb. 对某人有吸引力48. apply to sb. for sth. 为向申请 ； apply for 申请 ； apply to 适用.49. apply to与有关;适用50. approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right) 赞成 , approve vt. 批准51. arise from(=be caused by) 由引起.52. arrange for sb.sth. to do sth. 安排做53. arrive on 到达; arrive at 到达某地

15、(小地方);得出,作出; arrive in 到达某地 (大地方);54. be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth. done) 以 为羞耻55. assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.) 向保证, 使确信.56. attach(to) (=to fix, fasten; join) 缚, 系 ,结57. make an attempt at doing sth. (to do sth.) 试图做58. attend to (=giv

16、e one' attention, care and thought)注意，照顾；attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after) 侍候,照料59. attitude to toward 对的态度 .看法60. attribute to (=to believe sth. to be the result 把f.归因于.,认为是.的结果61. on the average (=on average, on an average) 平均62. (be) aware of (=be conscious of , having knowledge

17、or consciousness) 意识到 ,知道.63. at the back of (=behind) 在后面64. in the back of 在后部(里面);on the back of 在后部(外面);be on one ' s back(=be ill in bed) 卧病不起 .65. at one' bsack(=supporting or favoring sb.) 支持,维护; have sb. at one 'sback 有支持, 有作后台66. turn one ' s back on sb. (=turn away from sb.

18、 in an impolite w不理睬(某人),背弃，抛弃67. behind one ' s ba着某人(说坏话)68. be based on upon 基于69. on the basis of 根据, 在根底上70. beat 在运动工程上打赢71. begin with 以开始. to begin with (=first of all) 首先, 第一(经常用于开始语 )72. on behalf of (=as the representative of) 以 名义73. believe in(=have faith or trust in; consider sth.s

19、b. to be true) 相信,依赖,信仰 .74. benefit (from) 受益,得到好处 .75. for the benefit of 为了的利益 (好处)76. for the better 好转77. get the better of (=defeat sb.) 打败, 胜过.78. by birth 在出生上 ,论出身 ,按血统 at birth 在出生时 ; give birth to 出生79. blame sb. for sth. 因责备某人 . blame sth. on sb. 把推在某人身上80. in blossom 开花 (指树木 ) be in blo

20、ssom 开花(强调状态 ) come into blossom 开花(强调动作 )81. on board 到船上 , 在船上 , 上火车或飞机82. boast of (or about) 吹嘘83. out of breath 喘不过气来84. in brief(=in as few words as possible) 简言之85. in bulk 成批地 ,不散装的86. take the floor 起立发言87. on business 出差办事 .88. be busy with sth.于某事。be busy doing sth.忙于做某事89. last but one 倒

21、数第二 .90. but for (=without) 要不是 . 表示假设91. buy sth. for m用h多少钱买92. be capable of 能够, 有能力 be capable of being +过去分词是能够被 的93. in any case(=for love or money, at any rate, at any price, at any cost , whatever happens; an yhow)无论如何94. in case (=for fear that) 万一 ;95. in case of (=in the event of) 如果发生万一

22、in the case of 至于, 就而言96. in no case在任何情况下都不(放句首倒装句)97. be cautious of 谨防98. center one' s attention on(=focus one'扌把某人的注n意力集中在 上99. be certain of (=be sure of) 有把握 , 一定.100. for certain of (=for sure ) 肯定地 ,有扌握地101. by chance(=accidentally, by accident) 偶然102. for a change 换换环境 (扌戏等 )103. c

23、harge sb. with控告某人犯有 104. in charge of (=responsible for) 负责 (某事 ) in the charge of 由管105. take charge of (=to be or become responsible for) 负责管理 (照顾)106. charge fo因索取(费用),charge sb. with sth.控告某人犯有 107. round the clock(=all day and all night, usually without stopping) 昼夜不停地108. comment on 评论109. co

24、mmit oneself to 使自己承当 commit sb. to prison 扌某人送进监狱 ; commit one'deas ito writing 扌某人的想法写下来 ; commit a matter to a committee 扌某事交给委员会讨论110. in common (和)有共同之处，共用.be common to sb.是与某人所共有的111. keep company with (=be friendly and go out together) 和要好.112. compare with 把与比拟113. compare to把 比作114. by

25、comparison 比拟起来115. in comparison with (=in contrast to) 禾口 比起来116. compensate for (=give sth. to make up for)补偿 , 赔偿 ,弥补 compensate sb. for sth. 赔偿 ,弥补117. complain of (or about)抱怨;诉苦;控告;complain about 抱怨某人或事情 ;complain to sb. about sth. (or sb.) 向某人抱怨; complain (抱怨 ); complement (补充); compliment (

26、 恭维 )118. comply with (=act in accordance with a demand, order, rule etc.) 遵守 , 依从119. conceive of (think of, imagine, consider)想象,设想120. concentrate on (or upon) 集中 ,专心121. be concerned with (=about) 与有关122. concern oneself about with 关心123. in conclusion(=as the last thing) 最后一点 ; at the conclusio

27、n of 当结束时 ;124. condemn sb. to 判决125. on con dition that (=if)以为条件，假设.in that = because 因为；now that = since 既然 for all that = although 尽管126. in out of condition (=thoroughly healthy or fit not fit) 健康状况好不好 . in good (bad) condition 处于良好 (坏)状态127. confess(to)(=admit a fault， crime， or sth. wrong) 成认

28、 ， 供认; confess to a crime 成认罪行 .128. con fide in (=to talk freely to sb. about o ne对讲真心ssecret 赖129. in confidence 推心置腹地 ; with confidence 满怀信心地 ; have confidence in 对有信心130. confidence in sb. sth. 对的信赖131. be confident of 有信心 ; confidential 机密的132. confineto把限制在某范围内133. confirm sb. in 使某人更坚决 (信念等 )

29、134. conform to (=be in agreement with, comply with) 符合,遵照，遵守;1)obey 服从；2) observe;3)comply with 照办；4)keep to 遵循；5)abide by 服从;6)stick to 按.做135. be confronted with(=be brought face to face with) 面对, 面临136. congratulate sb. on 祝贺137. in connection with(=with regard to) 关于 ,138. be conscious of(=be a

30、ware of)觉察，知道139. consent to(=give agreement to permission) 同意140. in consequence (=as a result) 结果141. in consequenee of (=as a consequenee of)由于 的结果142. under consideration 在考虑中143. in consideration of (=in return for, on account of, because of ) 由于144. on no consideration(in no case)无论如何也不145. ta

31、ke into consideration (=take account of, take考虑到o, ajccoun考虑进去146. con siderate (=thoughtful of the needs)体贴的，考虑他人需要的，con siderable 相当大的，值 得考虑的147. consist of(=be composed of)由 组成的.consist in 主要在于.consist with 符合，与一致148. be consistent with(=be in agreement with) 与一致 . be consistent in 一贯的 ，149. cons

32、ult sb. on about sth. 向征求方面的意见 ， 就向请教150. to one ' s heart '尽情地巳痛痛快快151. be content with(=be satisfied with) 满足于 be content to do sth. 愿意做某事152. con trary to (=in oppositi on to)与相反153. on the contrary 相反154. contrast w把h与相对(对照)155. in contrast towith 和形成比照 by contrast 比照之下156. contribute to

33、 有助于157. under control (被)控制住 out of control 无法控制158. at one 's convenei(e=nwchere and when it suits one) 在方便的时间或地点 .be convenient to for 对方便159. convince sb. of (=cause sb. to believe or feel certain; to persuade sb.) 使某人确信 ,try to persuade sb. to do sth.劝说某人做 160. cope with(=deal with, try to

34、find a solution to) 应付, 处理161. in the corner(of) 在角落里 ;on(at) the comer of a street 在街道拐弯处 ;round the comer 拐过 弯; be in a tight corner 陷入困境162. correspond (with) ( =exchange letters regularly) 通信163. correspond to 相当于 . correspond with 符合 ,一致164. at all costs 不惜任何代价 . at the cost of 以为代价165. a matte

35、r of course 理所当然的事166. as a matter of course 当然地 , 自然地167. in (during) the course 在过程中168. in due course (=without too much delay) 没经过太久 , 到一定时候169. on credit赊购；with credit以优异成绩；to one ' s c使某人感到荣耀；do sb. credit使 感到荣耀170be critical of 爱挑毛病的，批评的171. cure sb. of+某种疾病 治好某人的疾病172. a dan ger to对的危险；b

36、e in dan ger(of)处于 危险中；be out of dan ger脱离危险173. to date(=so far, until now) 到目前为止174. out of date过时的；up to date新式的，时兴的；date back to可追溯到；date from从某时期 开始(有)175. deal with (=concern) 论及176. be in debt to sb. 欠的债177. on the decline 在衰退中 ， 在减少中 in decline 下降 ； on the increase 在增加178. to one ' s del

37、i令某人感到快乐 to one ' s regret 憾；sorrow 悲哀；relief 安心；distress 苦恼;shame 羞愧;surprise 惊奇;astonishment 惊奇;179. delight in(=take great pleasure in doing sth.) 喜欢， 取乐180. take (a) delight in 喜欢干， 以为乐181. demand sth. of sb. 向某人要求 (非物质的 )东西. demand sth. from sb. 向某人要求 (物质的 ) 东西182.in dema nd有需求；on dema nd受到

38、要求时183. be dependent on 依靠184. deprive sb. of sth. 剥夺某人某物185. derive from(=obtain从'om取得，由 来的.derive from(=come from) 起源于186. despair of (=lose all hope of) 绝望187. in despair 绝望188. despite (=in spite of) 不管, 尽管189. in detail 详细地190. deviate from 偏离,不按 办191. on a diet 吃某种特殊饮食 , 节食192. differ from

39、 与的区别在于 193. in difficulties 有困难 ,处境困难 ,194. discharge sb. (from)for (=dismiss sb. from a jc因 for解雇 ,开除195. fall back (=retreat, turn back) 撤退 ; in disorder 慌乱地 , 狼狈不堪196. on display(=being shown publicly) 陈列197. dispose of (=get rid of ,throw away) 处理掉198. beyond dispute 不容争议的 ,无可争议199. in dispute

40、在争议中200. in the distance 在远处 . make out 辩认出201. (be) distinct from ( = be different from) 与截然不同202. distinguish between (=make or recognize differences) 区分203. distinguishfrom与区别开204. do away with(=get rid of; abolish; discard eliminate) 除去,废除,取消; do away with (=kill) 杀掉 , 镇压205. have to do witi与有关系

41、206. without doubt (=undoubtedly) 无可置疑地207. in doubt(=in a condition of uncertainty) 对表示疑惑208. be due to 是由于209. come off duty 下班210. go on duty 上班211. be on duty 值班, 值日, 在上班时212. be in duty bound to (do) (=be required by one' s job or es有义务o(nsc)enee)213. be eager for 想得到 , 盼望214. by ear (=play

42、 music from memory without having seen it printed) 凭记忆 ,不看乐谱215. have an ear for (=have keen recognition of sounds esp. in music and language) 对.有鉴赏力216. a word in one'私房话,秘密话217. on earth 究竟, 到底, 全然218. with ease ( = easily) 容易 , 不费力219. at (one' s) ease ( = without worry or nervousnes在，不拘束

43、220. put sb. at his her ease (=free sb. from worry or nervousness) 使某人感到无拘束221. economize on (=save sth. instead of being wasteful) 节省222. have an effect on 对有影响223. be in effect (=be in operation) 有效224. go into effect 生效 . ( 近 come into effect; take effect; be brought into effect)225. in effect (=

44、in fact, really) 实际上226. give effect to (=earry out) 实行,使生效227. to no effect 不起作用 ,没有取得任何效果228. (be) of no effect (=useless) 无效229. to the effect that大意是，主要内容是 230. to that effect 是那个意思的231. emerge from ( =appear, become known ) 出现 , 暴露(问题 . 意见等 )232. place(or put, lay) an emphasis on 强调,把重点放在 上233.

45、 encourage sb. in 鼓励; encourage sb. in hisher work 鼓励某人工作 ; encourage sb. in hisher idleness 怂恿某人游手好闲234. en courage sb. inwi用 st!鼓励某人做某事235. on end (=continuously) 连续地236. (be) at an end (=finished) 结束了237. no end of (=very manymuch) 很多,大量238. in the end (=finally, eventually) 最终239. at one ' s

46、 wit ' s end (=not knowing what to do or 无法0可想,智穷计尽240. end up with 以而结束241. come to and end (=finish) 结束242. end in 以为结束243. engage in 或 be engaged in 忙于 ,从事244. enter for (=put the name on a list for) 报名参加245. enter into (=begin) 开始 (谈话 , 谈判等 )246. enter on upon (=begin) 开始 (一个时代 . 一种生涯 . 一段任期

47、等 )247. be entitled to (=be given the right to do sth.)有权 ,有资格 248. be equal to 等于249. be feel equal to (=have enough strength, ability etc.) (某人 )能胜任 ,能应付 on equal terms(=on and equal footing) 平等地250. be equipped with 装备有 ,装有251. (be) equivalent to(=equal in value, amount, meaning) 相等于 , 相当于252. in

48、 esse nee (=in its one ' s n atu本质上253. at all events (=in spite of everything, in any case) 不管怎样 , 无论如何254. in any event (=whatever happens in the future) 无论如何 , 不管(将来)怎么样255. in the event that(=if) 假设 , 如果 . in the event 结果, 实际情况是 (常与 but 连用)256. in the event of(=in case of) 万一 ,即使发生 .时257. ex

49、cept 除以外 ; besides 除以外还有 .258. except (=but) 除了。259. except for (=apart from) 除以外260. (an) exception to 的例外261. with the exception of (=except, apart from) 除去., 除以外262. in excess of (=more than) 超过263. exchange for 以交换264. exclusive of (=not taking into account; without) 不包括265. in excuse of 作为的借口26

50、6. exert s. on对施加267. exert oneself to do sth. 努力,使劲268. come into existence (=begin to exist) 开始存在 ; come into use 开始使用 ; come into effect 开 始运转 ; come into fashion 开始时新 ; come into action 开始行动 ; come into power 开始执政 ; come into sight 进入视野 ;come into blossom 开花;269. (be) in existence 存在 come into e

51、xistence 出现270. expect 在期望271. at the expense of在损害 情况下，以为牺牲272. exposeto使暴露于 ,使受(危险，风险)273. be exposed to 面临， 受到.274. beyond expression (=in a manner that cannot be expressed) 无法形容 , 说不出的275. give expression to 表达, 表现 find expression in 表现276. to exte在程度上277. in the extreme (= extremely) 极其278. loo

52、k sb. in the eye 正视, 打量 (某人 )279. close (shut) one ' s eyes 不理会，视而不见280. in one ' s mi nd在心目中,在想象中281. in the twinkling of an eye 一眨眼 ，转眼间282. keep an eye on(=keep a watch on)照看，监视283. in the eyes of in one' s eyes ( = in the judgm某n人看来 ,在某人眼里284. on the face of it (=judging by what one

53、can see) 外表看来285. in the face of 面对着 (困难等情况 )286. in one ' s当a着謀人的面；face to faced面对面；face up to大胆面向287. fail in (=be unsuccessful in) 失败288. in good faith(=honestly， sincerely) 真诚地289. keep faith with 对守信用290. lose faith in 对失去信心291. on faith 毫无疑心地 ， 依赖地292. faithful to (=loyal to) 对忠诚293. fall

54、into the habit (of) 养成习惯294. fall short of (=fail to reach a desired result， standard， etc.) 没到达 ， 低于295. familiar with 熟悉，了解296. have a fancy for ( =like sth. without the help of reason) ( 没有道理地 )喜欢， 想要297. take a fancy to (=become fond of) 喜欢298. by far 远， 非常 (与比拟级或最高级连用)299. far from 远远不是300. far

55、 from 非但不(而且)301. in fashion(=stylish， most modern) 时兴，流行302. after the fashion (of)依照303. find fault with(=complain about; criticize) 找毛病，对 吹毛求疵304. at fault (=in the wrong， blamable) 有错305. in favour of 赞成306. be in favour with 受宠 ， 受偏爱 ；out of favour with 失宠， 不受宠307. in one ' s favour(=to one

56、 ' Miad有利tage)308. (be) favourable to(=adva ntageous)有利的309. fear for (=be afraid for the safety of sb. or sth.) 为担忧310. for fear of (=in case of； because of anxiety about) 以防， 由于怕311. in fear of (=afraid for the safety of) 担忧312. feed (sb.) on sth. 靠吃， 用喂养313. be fed up with(=be unhappy, tired

57、about sth. dull) 厌烦 , 腻了314. feel like (=have a desire for) 想要315. fill in 填写316. fill out ( =fill in ) 填写317. set the world on fire=set the flames on fire(=do sth. remarkable) 有突出成就318. play with fire (=take great risks) 干冒险事319. set sth. on fire(=set fire to sth.) 使.着火 ,放火320. at first sight(=when first seen) 乍一看 ,一见321. for the first time 第一次 (作状语 )322.