高考必考语法改错之被动语态十大经典错误

1、被动语态被动语态错中学错中学 易掌握易掌握印象深印象深 永不忘永不忘歌诀：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。 被动语态的构成。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：1am/is/are +done 一般现在时2has /have been done 现在完成时3am/is /are being done 现在进行时4was/were done 一般过去时5had been done 过去完成时6.was/were being done 过去进行时.7shall/will be done 一般将来时例8should/would be done 过去将来时例9shall/will have bee

2、n done 将来完成时（少用）10should/would have been done过去将来完成时（少用）被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式,被动语态由be过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而上变化。【改错改错】 1. The book got written by him. 1. The book got written by him. 特点特点1 通常不接by sb. ，但有时接by sth. 。特点特点2 用用get的地方，一般可用的地方，一般可用be代替，但代替，但用用be的地方不一定能用的地方不一定能用get代替。代替。特点特点3 get多用于一般过去时。多用于一般过去时。特点特点4

3、 这种结构大多是表示状态的系表结构。这种结构大多是表示状态的系表结构。如：如：He got drunk. 他喝醉了。他喝醉了。被动语态十大经典错误例析被动语态十大经典错误例析waswas_“get+过去分词过去分词”的四个特点的四个特点 get + pp(过去分词) 的用法(get done结构) get是系动词，后接过去分词或形容词作表语，表示状语的改变，意为“被，变得”。它不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。l get dressed/changedl get marriedl get burnt/ burnedl get drunkl get startedl get lostl get

4、caught in the rainl get damaged l get excitedl get killedl get paidl get hurt穿衣服/换衣服结婚烧伤,晒黑喝醉开始迷路被雨淋湿遭到破坏激动丧命得到报酬受伤【考点】“get过去分词”结构。【考例】 1. Sarah, hurry up. Im afraid you wont have time to _ before the party.(NMET04-28) 2. Be careful when you cross this very busy street If not, you may_ by a car(北京20

5、02)3. How are the team playing Theyre playing well, but one of them _ (北京2002春)4. As we joined the big crowd，I _ _from my friends.(NMET2001)5. Cleaning women in big cities usually _ by the hour. get changed “换衣服” get run over， got hurt， got separated， get paidget changed get run overgot hurtgot sepa

6、ratedget paid【改错改错】 2. A library with five thousand books 2. A library with five thousand books are offered to the nation as a gift. are offered to the nation as a gift. 解析：a library是offer的承受者，要用被动语态，又因主语(library) 是单数。注意：with five thousand books是a library是定语。被动语态十大经典错误例析被动语态十大经典错误例析isis_将语态与主谓一致结合起来

7、命题将语态与主谓一致结合起来命题1. All the employees except the 1. All the employees except the manager _(encourage) manager _(encourage) to work online at home.to work online at home.2. With more forests being destroyed, 2. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth huge quantities of good ea

8、rth _(wash) each _(wash) each year. year. are encouragedare encouragedare being washed awayare being washed away语法填空：语法填空：3. Great changes have been 3. Great changes have been taken place in our city since taken place in our city since 2000. 2000. 【改错改错】take place和和happen都是不及物动词或短都是不及物动词或短语，不能用于被动语态

9、。语，不能用于被动语态。break out ,break in， belong to, lose heart, consist of, add up to , rise, happen, succeed, remain, lie ,occur等都等都属于不及物动词（词组）不能用于被动语态。属于不及物动词（词组）不能用于被动语态。被动语态十大经典错误例析被动语态十大经典错误例析不及物动词或短语不及物动词或短语The traffic accident was happened The traffic accident was happened yesterday.yesterday.Ill com

10、e after the meeting if Ill come after the meeting if time_(permit).time_(permit).The fire was broke out in the capital The fire was broke out in the capital building. building. After the earthquake, few houses After the earthquake, few houses were remained.were remained.When we got to the top of the

11、 When we got to the top of the mountain, the sun had already been mountain, the sun had already been risen.risen.permitspermits我练、我练、我练练！我练、我练、我练练！【改错改错】 4. 4. 被动语态十大经典错误例析被动语态十大经典错误例析toto1. The doctor has been sent_. (1. The doctor has been sent_. (介词介词) ) 2. Your homework should be handed 2. Your

12、homework should be handed _after class(_after class(副词副词) )3. Women were looked down _ in 3. Women were looked down _ in the old days.the old days.4. His house was broke _ by a 4. His house was broke _ by a thief last night. thief last night. 5. Newly-born babies are taken good 5. Newly-born babies

13、are taken good care _ in hospital.care _ in hospital.forforinin语法填空：语法填空：upon/on intointoofof6. The patient is being operated_. 6. The patient is being operated_. onon短语动词常见的有：短语动词常见的有：catch sight of, catch sight of, make use of, make use of, pay attention to, pay attention to, set fire to, set fire

14、 to, take care of, take care of, take hold of, take hold of, take notice of, take notice of, keep an eye on keep an eye on 7. Good care must 7. Good care must _babies, _babies, particularly while particularly while they are ill. they are ill. be taken of be taken ofbe taken of解析：由固定短语take good care

15、of(好好照看) 是可知，good care与take是被动关系【改错改错】 5. 5. 被动语态十大经典错误例析被动语态十大经典错误例析toto1. The boy was made _ cry by his 1. The boy was made _ cry by his sister.sister.语法填空：语法填空：totoBut :But :The strange was let go.The strange was let go.【改错改错】 6 61 1. . 被动语态十大经典错误例析被动语态十大经典错误例析byby62. French is also taught by our

16、 school. 【改错改错】by引出动作发出者引出动作发出者;我们学校也教法语。翻译成我们学校也教法语。翻译成Our school also teaches French. 是错误的。是错误的。 当动作的执行者没有必要指明或为大家所知当动作的执行者没有必要指明或为大家所知时，通常用被动语态。时，通常用被动语态。French is also taught in our school. in_被动语态十大经典错误例析被动语态十大经典错误例析 1. People should be stopped _ 1. People should be stopped _cutting more trees.

17、 cutting more trees. 语法填空：语法填空：fromstop/prevent/ keep sb/sth (from) doing sthstop/prevent/ keep sb/sth (from) doing sth阻止阻止干某事。在主动语态中干某事。在主动语态中fromfrom可以省去，变可以省去，变成被动句成被动句sb/sth be stopped / prevented sb/sth be stopped / prevented from doing sth. fromfrom doing sth. from不可省。不可省。Keep sb/sth Keep sb/s

18、th from doing sthfrom doing sth意思也是意思也是“阻止阻止干（做）干（做）事事”无论在主动语态或被动语态中，无论在主动语态或被动语态中，fromfrom不能省去不能省去, ,若省去若省去fromfrom就变成就变成keep sb/sth doing sthkeep sb/sth doing sth使某使某人一直干某事。人一直干某事。2. _was the new bridge built?2. _was the new bridge built?3. The doctor is known _ us all.3. The doctor is known _ us

19、all.4.The medical team is made up _ two 4.The medical team is made up _ two doctors and ten nurses.doctors and ten nurses.By whom totoofof【改错改错】 5. 5. 被动语态十大经典错误例析被动语态十大经典错误例析bebe_【改错改错】 7. 7. 被动语态十大经典错误例析被动语态十大经典错误例析beingbeing-Have you moved into your new -Have you moved into your new house? house?

20、 -No, it _ (paint) now.-No, it _ (paint) now.语法填空：语法填空：is being painted 【改错改错】 8. An interesting story was told me 8. An interesting story was told me last nightlast night. 被动语态十大经典错误例析被动语态十大经典错误例析toto The cup with mixture was showed The cup with mixture was showed _ the class. _ the class. 2. Some

21、country music was played 2. Some country music was played _ us. _ us. 3. A question was asked _ me by 3. A question was asked _ me by him. him. totoforforofofbring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get,

22、keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等。【改错改错】 9. They have married for 2 years.9. They have married for 2 years.被动语态十大经典错误例析被动语态十大经典错误例析beenbeen10. This book is sold well here. 【改错改错】有些动词，如有些动词，如act, add, brush, burn, clean, cook, count, cut, draw, drive, keep, lock, look, open, read, sell, smell, s

23、moke, strike, wash, wear, write等，其主动形式在一些具体场合表示被动意等，其主动形式在一些具体场合表示被动意义。这类句子的特点是：主语往往是义。这类句子的特点是：主语往往是“物物”而不是而不是“人人”。另外，后面往往带有。另外，后面往往带有well这一类副词或者这一类副词或者修饰主语的形容词。修饰主语的形容词。selling_被动语态十大经典错误例析被动语态十大经典错误例析主动表被动 This kind of cloth _(wash) well.This kind of cloth _(wash) well. The soup _(taste) wonderfu

24、l. The soup _(taste) wonderful. 语法填空：语法填空：washestastestaste , feel, look, sound, smell, taste , feel, look, sound, smell, appearappear等，后接形容词作表语，不可用等，后接形容词作表语，不可用于被动语态。于被动语态。 主动表被动3. The patient needs_.3. The patient needs_. (take care of) (take care of)taking care oftaking care ofto be taken care o

25、fto be taken care ofneed ,want ,require三个词的主语是后面跟的动词的承受者时，动名词用主动形式，表示被动意思.不定式用被动形式，句型为： sb/sth needs/wants/requires doing/to be done4. Eggs wont _(keep) long in 4. Eggs wont _(keep) long in summer.summer.5. English is not easy_(learn).5. English is not easy_(learn).6. Please lend me a pen _(write).6

26、. Please lend me a pen _(write).keepto learnto write withThe meat didnt cook well. (主动句) The meat was cooked for a long time over low heat. (被动句) 非谓语动词用主动形式表被动意义的6种场合（详见非谓语动词）在作表语或补语的形容词后作状语的不定式，用主动表被动。在have， with， there be后的名词后的不定式，表示“有要”时，用主动表示被动。在This / That / These / Those be后的名词后的不定式，用主动表被动。不定式

27、to blame， to let等作表语时，用主动表示被动。在表示“（某物）需要”的need， want， require等后的动名词用主动形式表示被动含义。在be worth后的动名词用主动表示被动【改错改错】 11. The Peoples Republic of China 11. The Peoples Republic of China was found on October 1, 1949. was found on October 1, 1949. 被动语态十大经典错误例析被动语态十大经典错误例析foundedfounded【改错改错】 12. Wet clothes are

28、often hanged up 12. Wet clothes are often hanged up near a fire in rainy weather. near a fire in rainy weather. 被动语态十大经典错误例析被动语态十大经典错误例析hunghung【改错改错】 13. Only after my friend camedid 13. Only after my friend camedid the computer repaired. the computer repaired. （NMET2005NMET2005福建卷）福建卷）将语态与倒装结合起来命题

29、将语态与倒装结合起来命题被动语态十大经典错误例析被动语态十大经典错误例析waswas I cant see any coffee in this cupboard.Has it all been finished? (NMET2005春)1 1 - So what is the procedure?【2013北京】 - All the applicants_ (interview) before a final decision _(make) by the authority. 【填空填空】are interviewed被动语态被动语态第一题第一题 【解析】考查动词的语态和时态。句中appl

30、icants与interview之间为被动关系，应使用被动语态；且句子所描述的为一般情况，故用一般现在时态的被动语态。 核心指数核心指数 难度指数难度指数No.1is made一般现在时1. I need one more stamp before my collection _(complete) . (NMET1994) 2. We wont start the work until all the preparations _(make).（2014天津卷）3. Hundreds of jobs _ (lose)if the factory closes. is completedhav

31、e been madewill be lost 【解析】通常说来。在时间状语从句中使用一般现在时代替将来时，前面的主句中使用将来时。在高中英语中也使用现在完成时代替将来时，表示到将来某个时间已经完成的事情。句义：直到所有的准备工作都做好以后，我们才开始工作。复合句中，从句用一般时表将来语法填空：语法填空：2. It is said that the early European 2. It is said that the early European playing-cards _(design) for playing-cards _(design) for entertainment a

32、nd education . (entertainment and education . (辽宁卷辽宁卷06-06-31)31)【填空填空】were designed 被动语态被动语态第二题第二题 表示过去某个时候发生的表示过去某个时候发生的被动动作，用一般过去时的被动语态；被动动作，用一般过去时的被动语态； 核心指数核心指数 难度指数难度指数No.2一般过去时3.3. More patients _(treat) in hospital this year than last year.(NMET2004，江苏，26) 【填空填空】have been treated被动语态被动语态第三题第

33、三题 根据this year确定为现在完成时。 核心指数核心指数 难度指数难度指数No.3现在完成时4. 4. Although the causes of cancer _(uncover), we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it . (山东卷06-28) 【填空填空】are being uncovered被动语态被动语态第四题第四题 表示现阶段正在发生的被动动作，用现在进行时的被动语态 。 核心指数核心指数 难度指数难度指数No.4现在进行时5. 5. By the end of last year, another new

34、gymnasium _(complete) in Beijing. (上海2003 春)【填空填空】had been completed被动语态被动语态第五题第五题 由由短语By the end of last year可知完成这一动作发生在过去的过去.表示过去某个时候之前发生的被动动作，用过去完成时的被动语态。 核心指数核心指数 难度指数难度指数No.5过去完成时6. The mayor of Beijing says that all 6. The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing construction work for the Beijing Olympics _ Olympics _ (complete) by 2006. (2004(complete) by 2006. (2004高考北京卷高考北京卷-27)-27)【填空填空】will have been completed被动语态被动语态第六题第六题 表示从现