不定式和动词-ing形式的被动语态

1、不定式和动词-ing形式的被动语态请看两道试题：1. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it.   A. to see   B. to be seen    C. seeing   D. seen  分析：remain 后接to do sth.作表语， see 与主语从句是动宾关系，所以要用to be seen，故答案为B。2. T

2、he discovery of new evidence led to _. A. the thief having caught  B. catch the thief   C. the thief being caught      D. the thief to be caught分析：lead to 中的to 是介词，后接动词-ing形式作宾语。“小偷被抓”应用动词-ing的被动形式being caught，所以选C。不定式和动词-ing形式的被动语态是历年高考考查的重点和难点。下面就这两点做一简

3、要介绍。一、不定式的被动语态    1. 当不定式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者时，这个不定式要用被动语态。如：    The meeting to be held tomorrow afternoon is of great importance.     明天下午要开的会议非常重要。 再如两道选择题：(1) Little Tom would love _ to the theater this evening.A. to be taken  B. to take  &

4、#160;  C. being taken  D. taking 分析：本题考查不定式在固定结构中的谓语形式。would love后一般只用动词不定式作宾语。句中主语little Tom是take的逻辑宾语，用被动形式，所以选A。(2) To go shopping on Sundays seems to my mother a rule _.A. to never break B. never to be breakingC. never to be broken D. never to have broken分析：动词不定式和前面的a ru

5、le有逻辑上的动宾关系，所以要用它的被动语态作定语，故选C。2. 如果句子的主语是动词不定式所表示动作的施动者，则大都采用动词不定式的主动形式来作名词的后置修饰语。如：I have a letter to write. (不用to be written)我有一封信要写。You need something to eat. （不用to be eaten）你需要吃些东西。但是，在there be 结构中，虽然常用主动语态，但是用被动语态也可以。如：There is a meeting to attend. (可用to be attended)要参加个会议。    3.

6、 当征求对方是否有事需说话人做时，不定式作定语用被动语态。如：“Would you have a letter to be typed, manager?” asked his secretary. “经理，你有信要打吗？”秘书问道。二、动词-ing形式的被动语态    当动词-ing 形式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者时，就要用动词-ing 形式的被动语态。    1. 动词-ing形式的被动语态和它的主动语态一样，在句中可以作主语和宾语。如：     He was afraid of being

7、scolded by the teacher.      他害怕被老师责骂。（宾语）     再如下面的高考题：     _ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one's skin.       A. Exposed  B. Having exposed        &#

8、160; C. Being exposed  D. After being exposed       分析：本句中expose与one's skin是动宾关系，根据句意，应该是皮肤被暴露在阳光下，所以要用动词-ing形式的被动形式作主语，故答案为C。      2. 一些动词如need, want, require等作“需要”讲时，其后的动词-ing形式 的主动语态表示被动意义,也可以用不定式的被动形式来替换。如：     

9、The blackboard needs cleaning. = The blackboard needs to be cleaned. 黑板需要擦干净。      The broken window wants repairing. = The broken window wants to be repaired.  那个破窗户需要修理。       另外注意be worth及be worthy 的用法：      The problem is worth discussing.        The problem is worthy of bein