高中英语 Unit1 getting along with others-grammer and usage课件 牛津译林版必修5

1、Module 5 Unit 1Grammar & usageReading Read the contents on P8 and try to get more about the infinitive.Active VoicePassive VoiceBase formto doto be donePerfect formto have doneto have been doneContinuous formto be doingTenses of the infinitiveTwo main kinds of infinitives The to-infinitive &

2、 The bare infinitivePS: Here please pay attention to the usage of “to”. It can both function as a preposition and the symbol of an infinitive. be used to doing sth used to do sthFunctions of the infinitive in the sentences Subject of a sentence Object Object complement Attribute Predicative Adverbia

3、lThe infinitive functions as the subject of the sentence.E.G.E.G.1. To decorate the Christmas tree is my task.2. To talk with your mouth full is rude.3. To become a lawyer was his childhood dream.当不定式作主语时当不定式作主语时, ,常用常用it it作形式主语作形式主语, ,而将真正的主而将真正的主语放在句子后面保持句子的平衡语放在句子后面保持句子的平衡.a. It is my task to de

4、corate the Christmas tree.b. It is rude to talk with your mouth full.c. It is his childhood dream to become a lawyer.The infinitive functions as the object. He managed to solve the problem by himself. I like to read newspaper articles about sports.PS:PS:动词不定式在句中作宾语时动词不定式在句中作宾语时, ,如果带有宾语如果带有宾语补足语补足语,

5、 ,要用要用it it 作形式宾语作形式宾语I dont think it right to do it in that way.I find it hard to get along with him. The infinitive functions as the object. “ “疑问代词疑问代词/ /疑问副词疑问副词+ +不定式不定式”常常用作动常常用作动词或是介词的宾语词或是介词的宾语I dont know where to spend my holiday.Have you decided when to marry?The infinitive functions as th

6、e object complement. 1 常需要不定式作宾补的动词有常需要不定式作宾补的动词有: allow, ask, advise, beg, cause, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, would like, love, hate, order, permit, persuade, teach, tell, want, warn, wish, etc通常这样的动词接这样的结构通常这样的动词接这样的结构Verb +sb/sth + to do sthThe infinitive functions as the object comple

7、ment. 1E.G.E.G.1. The teachers dont allow us to use E-dictionary while doing reading comprehension.2. I want you to read the whole passage again.The infinitive functions as the object complement. 2动词后接不定式动词后接不定式+ to be+ to be的结构的动词有的结构的动词有: : Believe, consider, discover, find, judge, prove, think, e

8、tc (有时候可以省略有时候可以省略to be)E.G.E.G.1. We all believe Jordan to be the top basketball player in all time.2. I consider him to be one of the best teachers in our school.The infinitive functions As the attribute. 通常情况下不定式做定语通常情况下不定式做定语, ,放在所修饰放在所修饰中心词的后面做后置定语中心词的后面做后置定语. .不定式和定不定式和定语从句之间实现互换语从句之间实现互换. .E.

9、G.E.G. 1. I have a lot of homework to do. =I have a lot of homework that I have to do.2. I have no one to talk to. =I have no one that I can talk to.The infinitive functions as the predicative. 当不定式充当表语的时候当不定式充当表语的时候, ,表示具体动作或是将表示具体动作或是将来要发生的动作来要发生的动作E.G.E.G. 1. My wish is to be a doctor.2. What she

10、 wants to do is to tell you a secret.3. His plan is to go abroad and continue his studies.The infinitive functions as the predicative.PS: 动名词和不定式同样都可以充当表语动名词和不定式同样都可以充当表语, ,两者的区两者的区别在于不定式表达是具体或是将来发生动作，别在于不定式表达是具体或是将来发生动作，而动名词则表示抽象的一般行为而动名词则表示抽象的一般行为. .1.His job is delivering the letters to their des

11、tinations.2.My job is to look after the sister when Mom is cooking.The infinitive functions as the adverbial.不定式常常作目的状语、原因状语、结果状语不定式常常作目的状语、原因状语、结果状语等。在这样的语法功能下要注意不定式的逻辑等。在这样的语法功能下要注意不定式的逻辑主语和句子主语一致的情况。主语和句子主语一致的情况。作为目的状语时，为了强调在不定式前可以加作为目的状语时，为了强调在不定式前可以加in order和和so as, in order to 可放在句首，可放在句首，so a

12、s to 则不可以则不可以作结果状语，常有下列的一些结构作结果状语，常有下列的一些结构so as to; such as to; enough to; too to; etcThe infinitive functions as the adverbial.E.G.E.G. 1. To get there on time, I got up early.2. That day they were separated, never to see each other again.3. Sam was lucky to catch the first bus that morning.Bare i

13、nfinitive 1Bare infinitive 11.使役动词使役动词 let, have, make后后E.G.E.G.a. The boss made the employees work ten hours a day.b. I will let you see my computer tomorrow.c. The teacher had her students finish the work within five minutes.Bare infinitive 1Bare infinitive 12. 感官动词感官动词 see, watch, notice , observ

14、e, hear, listen to, smell, feel等后等后.注意：被动语态中注意：被动语态中不能省去不能省去to。a. I saw him dance. =He was seen to dance.b. The boss made them work the whole night.=They were made to work the whole night.Bare infinitive 2Bare infinitive 2 would rather，had better句型后句型后E.G.E.G. I dont like the film. Id rather stay at

15、 home. Why / why not句型后句型后 help 后可带后可带to，也可不带，也可不带to, help sb (to) do sth： 当有当有and, or, except, but, than, rather than连接两连接两个动词不定式的时候个动词不定式的时候,第二个动词不定式常第二个动词不定式常使用成不带使用成不带to的动词不定式的动词不定式Bare infinitive 2Bare infinitive 2E.G.E.G. I forgot to turn off the lights and close the door when I left. Sandy do

16、es not want to stay at home but go to the cinema. We decided to stay at home rather than go to the cinema.A Letter(P9) 1. to thank 2.to talk 3.to have 4.e-mail 5.to receive 6.to go 7.watch 8.borrow 9.visit 10.spend 11.wrote 12.tell 13.to see 14.make eVerb-ing as a nounVerb-ing as a nounGerundGerundR

17、eading(10) Read the text and try to get more information about v-ing.Verb-ing forms can be used as nouns in a sentence and function:1.as a subject2.as an object3.after prepositions4.after possessive pronouns5.in compound nounsWe use Verb-ing after the following words:admit; appreciate; avoid; comple

18、te; admit; appreciate; avoid; complete; consider; delay; deny; endure; enjoy; consider; delay; deny; endure; enjoy; escape; fancy; finish; imagine; mind; escape; fancy; finish; imagine; mind; miss; postpone; practice; recall; miss; postpone; practice; recall; resume; resist; risk; suggest; face; res

19、ume; resist; risk; suggest; face; include; stand; understand; forgive; include; stand; understand; forgive; keep; etckeep; etcphrases used with Verb-ing forms: admit to; preferto; be used to; lead to; devote oneself to; object to; stick to; no good; no use; be fond of; look forward to; be proud of;

20、be busy; cant help; be tired of; be capable of; be afraid of; think of; burst out; keep on; insist on; count on; set about; put off; be good at; take up; give up; be successful in; etcFour kinds of verbs 后接不定式作宾语的动词后接不定式作宾语的动词want, hope, wish, plan, manage, refuse, learn, etc 后接后接V-ing形式作宾语的动词形式作宾语的

21、动词enjoy, mind, suggest, practise, imagine, avoid, etcFour kinds of verbs 后接不定式或是后接不定式或是V-ing为宾语的动为宾语的动词词,但两者差别不大但两者差别不大start, begin, etc 后接不定式或是后接不定式或是V-ing为宾语的动为宾语的动词词,但意思不同但意思不同try, remember, forget, regret, stop, go on, etcFinish the e-mail(P11) 1.visiting/to visit 2.chatting 3.visiting 4.pretend

22、ing 5.chatting/to chat 6.stop 7.chatting 8.to do 9.pass1. _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A. There B. This C. That D. It2. The final examination is coming up soon. Its time for us to _ our studies.A. get down to B. get out B. C. get back for D. get overDA3. Th

23、e chairman thought _ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.A. That B. it C. this D. him4. Last summer I took a course on _.A. how to make dresses B. how dresses be madeC. how to be made dresses D. how dresses to be madeBA5. It is said that in Australia there is more land than t

24、he government knows _.A. It what to do with B. what to do it withC. What to do with it D. to do what with itC6. Sarah, hurry up. Im afraid you wont have time to _ before the party.A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change7. It seems that he has no pen _.A. To write B. to write wi

25、th C. Writing D. writing withAB8. She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role _ in making the earth a better place to live.A. To have played B. to playC. To be played D. to be playing9. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _ the film stars had left.A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. toldBB10. All these gifts