新概念英语第二册第一课 NCE U1L1

1、KEY WORDS ANDEXPRESSIONSprivately a.私人地conversation n. 谈话go to the theatre 去看戏play n.戏talk loudly大声讲话angry a.生气的angrily adv.生气地turn round转过身去pay attention注意，理会bear v.容忍none of your business不关你的事rudelyadv.无礼地，粗鲁地Questions:Where did the writer go last week? Why didnt he enjoy the play?What did the you

2、ng man say to the writer?.Where did the writer go last week? .Why didnt he enjoy the play?.Whatdid the young man say to the writer?.Where did the writer go last week?He went to the theatre.Why didnt he enjoy the play?Because he could not hear the actors. A young man and a young woman behind him were

3、 talking loudly.Whatdid the young man say to the writer?He said, “Its none of your business. This is a private conversation.” enjoy vt. .欣赏；享受的乐趣（与fullygreatlyquitevery much 连用） -How did you enjoy the movie? -I enjoyed it very much. She fully enjoyed an elegant life.她十分喜欢优雅的生活。.enjoy+doing享受之乐I have

4、 enjoyed talking with you, but I must be going now. He doesnt enjoy going to school. 3. 享有（有益的事物） He enjoyed good healththe wealth.他拥有健康的身体财富。 Today it is natural for us to enjoy the basic human rights. You still enjoy a chance of being elected president.private adj.私人的 privacy n.隐私 Its my private l

5、etter. Its my private house. private life 私生活 =Its privacy.这是 我的隐私!(不愿让别人知道的) private school私立学校 public school公立学校; public letter 公开信; public place 公共场所 private普通的. 如 : private citizen 普通公民:Im a private citizen. private soldier 大兵; 我们熟悉的拯救大兵瑞恩就是Private Ryanconversation n.谈话 subject of conversation :

6、 话题(天气是英国人最喜爱的话题) 几种谈话 : 1、talk 内容可正式可不正式, 也可以私人 : Lets have a talk. 2、conversation 一般用于正式文体中, 内容上往往不正式: They are having a conversation. 3、dialogue 对话, 可以指正式国家与国家会谈 : China and Korea are having a dialogue. 4、chat 闲聊, 就是北京人说的 “侃” , 说的是无关紧要的事. 5、gossip 嚼舌头, 说长道短 have a + talk/chat/dialogue/conversatio

7、n/gossip 名词变动词bear (bore, borne) v. 容忍=standendureput up withI cant bear/stand you. I cant bear such a boring job.bear+doing to do I cant bear his being always late. 我受不了他总是迟到。 I cant bear to leave you behind. 我不忍心把你丢下。 bear n.熊 white bear bear hug :热情(热烈)的拥抱 give sb a bear hugbusiness n. 事, 生意busin

8、ess man :生意人 do business: 做生意 go to some place on business:因公出差 I went to Tianjin on business. thing 可以指事情,也可以指东西 business:某人自己的私人的事情 Its my business (指私人的事, 自己处理的事) its none of your business get vi. 变成，成为（某种状态）形容词过去分词用 I got angryupsetsad. It got hot here around the beginning of July. 被The door got

9、 broken. She got scolded by the teacher. pay attention to 注意重视to是介词pay greatnolittle attention to 注重无视轻视You must pay attention to your pronunciation. Great attention must be paid to your handwriting. So long as our physical health is good, many of us pay little attention to our health. look forward

10、to get used to stick to turn to belong to 语法 Last week I went to the theatre. I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting. I did not enjoy it. A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the actors. I turned round. I lo

11、oked at the man and the woman angrily. They did not pay any attention. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned round again. “I cant hear a word!” I said angrily. “Its none of your business,” the young man said rudely, “This is a private conversation!” Last week I went to the theatre. I had a very

12、good seat. The play was very interesting. I did not enjoy it. A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the actors. I turned round. I looked at the man and the woman angrily. They did not pay any attention. In the end, I could

13、not bear it. I turned round again. “I cant hear a word!” I said angrily. “Its none of your business,” the young man said rudely, “This is a private conversation!” Last week I went to the theatre. I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting. I did not enjoy it. A young man and a young woman

14、 were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the actors. I turned round. I looked at the man and the woman angrily. They did not pay any attention. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned round again. “I cant hear a word!” I said angrily. “Its none of your

15、business,” the young man said rudely, “This is a private conversation!” Last week I went to the theatre. I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting. I did not enjoy it. A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the a

16、ctors. I turned round. I looked at the man and the woman angrily. They did not pay any attention. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned round again. “I cant hear a word!” I said angrily. “Its none of your business,” the young man said rudely, “This is a private conversation!” Why did the young m

17、an say “this is a private conversation” to the writer? Because he misunderstood what the writer said to him. He thought the writer was eavesdropping.misunderstand v.误解 eavesdrop v.窃听 ，偷听 一般过去时(simple past tense)形式：did were(was)表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为；过去主语所具备的能力和性格。 过去进行时(waswere +doing)可以表

18、示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。如：1.What was she doing at nine oclock yesterday? 2. When I saw him he was decorating his room. 作代词用。 1. 作不定代词，有“任何人”，“谁都”的意思。 One must love ones (his) country谁都必须爱国。 One for all and all for one.个人为集体，集体为个人。 2. 代表人称代词，“个人”，“某人”之意。 run as fast as one can尽量跑得快马 do one

19、s best 竭尽所能，尽力 3. 作“一个”，“一本”，“一件”等解，用来代替上文提到过的某个可数名词，以避免重复，其前不加任何限定词。 My pen is broken. I must buy one. Have an apple, please. No, thanks. Ive just had one. 注意：one与it都可替代上文出现的某个名词，但用法不同。one用来指代上文出现的某类物中的一个，it指代上文中出现的同一个物。 1) A: Do you have a knife? B:Yes, I have one. A: Give it to me ,please. B: OK.

20、 Here it is. 2) A: Do you have any pencils? B: Yes, I have one. 3) A: Would you like the watch? B: Yes, Id like it. one 的用法4. one与形容词连用时，其前常有a, the, this, that, next,last, my, her等限定词。如： a small one;the blue one,my new one, his big one, your old one（one前有形容词修饰时，才可以与形容词性物主代词或名词所有格连用。如：Jims new one) 冠

21、词的用法：冠词定冠词不定冠词(Definite Article)(Indefinite Article)(Article)1.定冠词的基本用法1）定冠词的特指用法定冠词的特指用法通常都是确定的特指，比如 重提上文提到过的人或物时，要用定冠词：eg.I saw a girl and an old man in the house. The old man must be the girls grand-father.eg.He ordered some books last month. The books have now arrived.2)在名词词组中，如果名词之后带有限制性定语或其前带有

22、最高级形容词，要用定冠词：eg.Is this the train for Shanghai?eg.The flowers in her garden smell fragrant.eg.Here the letter to be posted.eg.This is the most interesting book I have ever read.3)当讲到说话人和听话人都知道的人或物时，要用定冠词：eg.Im just back from the market.eg.Has the postman been here?4)当名词前带有first, next, last, same, on

23、ly 等表示独特含义的词语时，要用定冠词：eg.When is the next flight to Beijing.eg.He is always the first to come and the last to leave.eg.This is the only copy I have ever collected.2.定冠词的类指用法1）用“定冠词+单数名词” 可泛指同一类的人和物：eg.The tiger and the cat belong to the same family of mammals.eg.The book is used for the teacher, not

24、for the student.2)“用定冠+表示国籍的形容 词”可泛指整个民族或国人。eg.The Chinese are a great, hardworking, and bravery people.eg.The English have long had trade relations with China.4）“定冠词+某些复数名词”可泛指一定的阶级，阶层或外国人。eg.The Germans are a musical people.eg.He says he keeps away from the lawyers and the doctors.3.定冠词的其他用法1）在表示某

25、些独一无二的事物时，要用定冠词：eg.the sun, the moon, the earth, the northern pole,the equator2）在表示海洋，江河，湖泊，群岛，山脉，沙漠，海峡等的专有名词前，要用定冠词 。eg. The Sahara, the Atlantic, the Changjiang river3)在乐器名称前，要用定冠词eg.Tom played the piano and I played the violin.4)在表示某一家人的专有名词前，要用定冠词。eg.The Browns have arrived.5)用在人体部位名词前。 He seize

26、d me by the arm.(hit/strike/beat) + sb. +in /on + the +部位I hit Tom on the nose / shoulder /head.He struck the thief in the eyes/face. (pull/seize/lead/catch) + sb. + by + the + 部位She led the cow by the nose.I seized her by the hand/hair.2.不定冠词的基本用法 不定冠词 a, an 也可用于特指和类指。1）不定冠词的特指用法 2）不定冠词的类指用法不定冠词与单数

27、名词搭配可泛指一类的任何物，即指同类的人或物中的任何一个。eg.A car must be insured. eg.A child needs love.eg.He will become an actor, not a painter.3)不定冠词的指量用法不定冠词在下列结构中有“一个”的含义，属于指量用法：eg.I will be back in a day or two.eg.It is a foot long, an inch thick.eg. A car runs 80 kilometers an hour.3.零冠词的用法“零冠词+复数名词或不可数名词” 。eg.There ar

28、e people waiting to come in.eg.He brought us information about the accident.eg.This morning I only had milk for breakfast.eg.Pencils, pens, and pieces of paper were spread all over the table.2)零冠词的类指用法：“零冠词+复数名词，抽象名词或物质名词”可泛指一类的人或事物。eg.Practice makes perfect.eg.Life is hard for every one of useg.Tra

29、ctors have taken the place of horses.3）零冠词的其他用法：*在表示餐食，交通工具 ，通讯工具的名词之前，通常用零冠词。eg.After lunch I usually take a nap.eg.I usually travel by train, not by aireg.He sent the message not by post, but by radio.*在表示四季，年月，周日，时间的名词之前，通常用零冠词。1. Spring has come around again. 2. On Sunday I usually take my child

30、ren to the park. 3. In February, it is already very warm in Hainan. 4. He worked by day and studied by night.5.She practised on the piano at noon, not at night.*零冠词还用于以下场合：go to school go to hospital, go to work, go to church, go to town, play football, play bridge, play chess, in hospital, at work,

31、in prison, in town称呼语，职务前不用冠词。Lincoln was made President of the United States again.学科，球类和棋类名词前不用冠词。Do you have Chinese? I like playing basketball/chess.turn/go作“变”，后面的名词前不用冠词。He was a teacher before he turned writer.在某些独立结构中，不用冠词。He entered the forest, gun in hand.在有些短语中，不用冠词。 in bed in danger of o

32、n board1. in front of 在（外）的前面 in the front of 在（内）的前面 Theres a garden in front of the classroom. Theres a blackboard in the front of the classroom. 2. in charge of 掌管；负责 in the charge of 在负责之下 An experienced worker is in charge of the project. The project is in the charge of an experienced worker. 3

33、. at table 在用饭；吃饭时 at the table 在桌旁 He seldom talks at table. They sat at the table, talking and laughing. 4. by day 白天；日间 by the day 按日计 He works in an office by day. Cleaning women in big cities get paid by the day. 5. take place 发生；举行 take the place 代替；接替 When did this conversation take place? El

34、ectric train has now taken the place of steam trains in England. 6. in words 用言语 in a word 总之 Please express your thought in words. In a word, I dont trust you. 7. at times 有时；不时 at a time 一次 I do feel a little nervous at times. Pass me the bricks two at a time. 8. little 少；不多的 a little 一些；一点点 Hurry

35、 up, theres little time left. Dont hurry, you still have a little time. 9. few 很少；几乎没有的 a few 有些；几个 He is a man of few words. Only a few of the children can read. 10. a most interesting 非常有趣的 the most interesting 最有趣的（形容词的最高级） This is a most interesting story. This is the most interesting story of t

36、he three. 11. a doctor and nurse 一位医生兼护士 a doctor and a nurse 一位医生和一位护士 A doctor and nurse is standing there. A doctor and a nurse are standing there. 12. a number of 许多；好些 the number of （的）数目 A number of students are in the classroom.The number of students in the classroom is forty. 五. 特殊用法 （考试重点）1

37、.三餐饭前有形容词修饰时可接a/an。We just had a big supper.我们刚刚吃了一顿丰盛的晚餐。2.季节，月份若有定语修饰，要加“the”。The story happed in the spring of 1945.故事发生在1945年的春天。3.在不可数名词前加a/an 表“一阵”，“一场”，“一种”等。Physics is a science. 物理是一门科学。A knock of the door was heard. 听到一阵敲门声。It is a very good cheese. 这是一种很好的奶酪。a strong wind （一阵大风） a slight

38、rain （一场小雨）4. 某些抽象名词前加 a/an 表“一件具体的事”。 What a pleasant surprise it is! 这是一件多么令人惊呀的事！ The meeting is a failuresuccess. He is a success as a teacher.5.职务前用定冠词表特指 。The President of the United States, Bush, signed the agreement.6.在抽象名词前加a/an表某种程度； 加the（有修饰词)表特指。A knowledge of a foreign language is neces

39、sary.一定程度的外语知识是必要的。China has a long history. 中国有着悠久的历史。He studies the science of sound. 他从事声学研究。7.在序数词加a/an 表”又,再”.If we have time, we will try a second time.8.在比较级前加 不定冠词a/an表泛指 :一个更为 .This is a more interesting story than what I have read.9.在比较级前加 定冠词表特指 . the +比较级+of the two. He is the taller of

40、the two boys.3）零冠词的其他用法：*在表示餐食，交通工具 ，通讯工具的名词之前，通常用零冠词。eg.After lunch I usually take a nap.eg.I usually travel by train, not by aireg.He sent the message not by post, but by radio.*在表示四季，年月，周日，时间的名词之前，通常用零冠词。eg.Spring has come around again.eg.On Sunday I usually take my children to the park.eg.In Feb

41、ruary, it is already very warm in Hainan.eg.He worked by day and studied by night.eg.She practised on the piano at noon, not at night.*零冠词还用于以下场合：Go to school, go to hospital, go to work, go to church, go to town, play football, play bridge, play chess, in hospital, at work,in prison, in town称呼语，职务前

42、不用冠词。Lincoln was made President of the United States again.学科，球类和棋类名词前不用冠词。Do you have Chinese? I like playing basketball/chess.turn/go作“变”，后面的名词前不用冠词。He was a teacher before he turned writer.在某些独立结构中，不用冠词。He entered the forest, gun in hand.在有些短语中，不用冠词。 in bed in danger of on board有无a/an和the的差异1. in

43、 front of 在（外）的前面 in the front of 在（内）的前面 Theres a garden in front of the classroom. Theres a blackboard in the front of the classroom. 2. in charge of 掌管；负责 in the charge of 在负责之下 An experienced worker is in charge of the project. The project is in the charge of an experienced worker. 3. at table 在

44、用饭；吃饭时 at the table 在桌旁 He seldom talks at table. They sat at the table, talking and laughing. 4. by day 白天；日间 by the day 按日计 He works in an office by day. Cleaning women in big cities get paid by the day. 5. take place 发生；举行 take the place 代替；接替 When did this conversation take place? Electric train

45、 has now taken the place of steam trains in England. 6. in words 用言语 in a word 总之 Please express your thought in words. In a word, I dont trust you. 7. at times 有时；不时 at a time 一次 I do feel a little nervous at times. Pass me the bricks two at a time. 8. little 少；不多的 a little 一些；一点点 Hurry up, theres

46、little time left. Dont hurry, you still have a little time. 9. few 很少；几乎没有的 a few 有些；几个 He is a man of few words. Only a few of the children can read. 10. a most interesting 非常有趣的 the most interesting 最有趣的（形容词的最高级） This is a most interesting story. This is the most interesting story of the three. 11

47、. a doctor and nurse 一位医生兼护士 a doctor and a nurse 一位医生和一位护士 A doctor and nurse is standing there. A doctor and a nurse are standing there. 12. a number of 许多；好些 the number of （的）数目 A number of students are in the classroom.The number of students in the classroom is forty. 五. 特殊用法 （考试重点）1.三餐饭前有形容词修饰时

48、可接a/an。We just had a big supper.我们刚刚吃了一顿丰盛的晚餐。2.季节，月份若有定语修饰，要加“the”。The story happed in the spring of 1945.故事发生在1945年的春天。3.在不可数名词前加a/an 表“一阵”，“一场”，“一种”等。Physics is a science. 物理是一门科学。A knock of the door was heard. 听到一阵敲门声。It is a very good cheese. 这是一种很好的奶酪。a strong wind （一阵大风） a slight rain （一场小雨）4

49、. 某些抽象名词前加 a/an 表“一件具体的事”。 What a pleasant surprise it is! 这是一件多么令人惊呀的事！ The meeting is a failuresuccess. He is a success as a teacher.5.职务前用定冠词表特指 。The President of the United States, Bush, signed the agreement.6.在抽象名词前加a/an表某种程度； 加the（有修饰词)表特指。A knowledge of a foreign language is necessary.一定程度的外语

50、知识是必要的。China has a long history. 中国有着悠久的历史。He studies the science of sound. 他从事声学研究。7.在序数词加a/an 表”又,再”.If we have time, we will try a second time.8.在比较级前加 不定冠词a/an表泛指 :一个更为 .This is a more interesting story than what I have read.9.在比较级前加 定冠词表特指 . the +比较级+of the two. He is the taller of the two boys

51、.1.定冠词的基本用法1）定冠词的特指用法定冠词的特指用法通常都是确定的特指，比如 重提上文提到过的人或物时，要用定冠词：eg.I saw a girl and an old man in the house. The old man must be the girls grand-father.eg.He ordered some books last month. The books have now arrived.2)在名词词组中，如果名词之后带有限制性定语或其前带有最高级形容词，要用定冠词：eg.Is this the train for Shanghai?eg.The flower

52、s in her garden smell fragrant.eg.Here the letter to be posted.eg.This is the most interesting book I have ever read.3)当讲到说话人和听话人都知道的人或物时，要用定冠词：eg.Im just back from the market.eg.Has the postman been here?4)当名词前带有first, next, last, same, only 等表示独特含义的词语时，要用定冠词：eg.When is the next flight to Beijing.e

53、g.He is always the first to come and the last to leave.eg.This is the only copy I have ever collected.2.定冠词的类指用法1）用“定冠词+单数名词” 可泛指同一类的人和物：eg.The tiger and the cat belong to the same family of mammals.eg.The book is used for the teacher, not for the student.2)“用定冠+表示国籍的形容 词”可泛指整个民族或国人。eg.The Chinese a

54、re a great, hardworking, and bravery people.eg.The English have long had trade relations with China.4）“定冠词+某些复数名词”可泛指一定的阶级，阶层或外国人。eg.The Germans are a musical people.eg.He says he keeps away from the lawyers and the doctors.3.定冠词的其他用法1）在表示某些独一无二的事物时，要用定冠词：eg.the sun, the moon, the earth, the norther

55、n pole,the equator2）在表示海洋，江河，湖泊，群岛，山脉，沙漠，海峡等的专有名词前，要用定冠词 。eg. The Sahara, the Atlantic, the Changjiang river3)在乐器名称前，要用定冠词eg.Tom played the piano and I played the violin.4)在表示某一家人的专有名词前，要用定冠词。eg.The Browns have arrived.5)用在人体部位名词前。 He seized me by the arm.(hit/strike/beat) + sb. +in /on + the +部位I h

56、it Tom on the nose / shoulder /head.He struck the thief in the eyes/face. (pull/seize/lead/catch) + sb. + by + the + 部位She led the cow by the nose.I seized her by the hand/hair.5)用在人体部位名词前。 He seized me by the arm.6)在发明物的单数名词前。The power was invented in China 2000 ago. Who invented the telephone?2.不定

57、冠词的基本用法 不定冠词 a, an 也可用于特指和类指。1）不定冠词的特指用法 不定冠词的特指用法属于非确定特指，即指特定的人和物，但不是很明确，因此不同于定冠词所表示的确定特指 。比较：They live in a house. The house was built last year.（前者仅指一幢房子，至于什么样的房子没说明，因而是非确定特指；在后一句中，The house 则指他们所住的房子。eg.I have got a headache.eg.There is a postman at the door.2）不定冠词的类指用法不定冠词与单数名词搭配可泛指一类的任何物，即指同类的

58、人或物中的任何一个。eg.A car must be insured.eg.A child needs love.eg.He will become an actor, not a painter.eg.A child came to my room.eg.A child must be educated in some way.3)不定冠词的指量用法不定冠词在下列结构中有“一个”的含义，属于指量用法：eg.I will be back in a day or two.eg.It is a foot long, an inch thick.eg. A car runs 80 kilometer

59、s an hour.3.零冠词的用法“零冠词+复数名词或不可数名词” 。eg.There are people waiting to come in.eg.He brought us information about the accident.eg.This morning I only had milk for breakfast.eg.Pencils, pens, and pieces of paper were spread all over the table.2)零冠词的类指用法：“零冠词+复数名词，抽象名词或物质名词”可泛指一类的人或事物。*零冠词也可与表示家庭成员的单数名词搭配

60、作确定特指。eg.Mary asked “Why is Father out of work?eg.Teacher was pleased with our work.eg.Practice makes perfect.eg.Life is hard for every one of useg.Tractors have taken the place of horses.3）零冠词的其他用法：*在表示餐食，交通工具 ，通讯工具的名词之前，通常用零冠词。eg.After lunch I usually take a nap.eg.I usually travel by train, not b