必修5unit1reading

1、Unit 1 Great scientistsThere are some great scientific achievements that have changed the world. Can you name some of them? What kind of role do they play in the field of science ? Do these achievements have anything in common? Match the inventions with their inventors below before you answer all th

2、ese questions. Warming Up:Alexander Bell electricity Thomas Edison the First telephoneLaite Brothers the electric LampMadame Curie black holes in UniverseFranklin Theory of GravitySteven Hawking the First PlaneElbert Einstein RadiumIsaac Newton the Theory of RelativityI put forward the theory about

3、black holes.Im the father of super hybrid riceWhat do they have in common?They are scientistsWho are they?Guessing gameDo you know? Who discovered that objects in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float? Who wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the environment cha

4、nged?ArchimedesCharles DarwinP 1 exerciseArchimedes“Give me a place to stand on, and I can move the earth.”“给我一个支点，我就可以翘起整个地球.”Charles DarwinOrigin of Species物种起源 Who invented the first steam engine?Thomas Newcomen Who used peas to show how physical characteristics are passed form parents to their c

5、hildren?Gregor Mendel Who discovered radium? Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities? Who was the painter that studied dead bodies to improve his painting of people?Maries CurieThomas EdisonLeonardo da VinciLeonardo da VinciMona Lisa Who invented a lamp to keep miner

6、safe underground? Who invented the earliest instrument to tell people where earthquakes happened? Who put forward a theory about black holes?Sir Humphrey DavyZhang HengStephen Hawkingthe Safety Lamp Zhang Heng (78-139)Seismograph地动仪地动仪Stephen Hawking (1942-) British, a physicistBlack hole Do you kno

7、w? 发明蒸汽机的并不是瓦特，他是改进纽可门的蒸气机并发明出双动作，使世界进入“蒸气时代”的，使他成为第一次工业革命中的名气最大的发明家。 1865年，修士孟德尔在一个会议上报告了他通过长达八年的实验研究和他所统计的多达两万一千多件样本的实验结果，利用豌豆实验发现了植物的遗传规律，但是孟道尔的理论超出了当时人们能够接受的水平。35年后，三国科学家几乎是同时发现了植物遗传的规律。而当他们准备发表论文，去查阅文献时，又不约而同地发现，早在35年前孟德尔就发现这样的规律了。他们三个人在发表论文时，都提到了孟德尔的文章，称自己的工作是证实了孟德尔的定律。这就是生物学史上的有名的“孟德尔定律的再发现”。

8、 英国化学家、诗人汉弗莱戴维。1778年出生。他小时聪明、淘气，不喜欢读书，喜欢玩乐。他不到20岁时，父亲去世。为了养家糊口，他到当地一位医生那当学徒，从此接触并喜欢上化学，因为觉得自己知识浅薄，他就自订计划发奋用功，凭着他的天资和勤奋，很快掌握了七种语言和不少科学知识，并最终成为了英国皇家学会的主席。1798年戴维的名声随着他对笑气的发现而传遍了整个英国。他还带病专门研究火焰，发明了矿用安全灯（1816），这种灯一直到今天仍叫戴维灯，曾挽救了成千上万名矿工的生命。Who is he?He has made a famous kite experiment.He learned a lot f

9、rom it and invented lightningrod(避雷针避雷针).He is Benjamin FranklinNever leave that until tomorrow, which you can do today.今日事,今日毕.Who is he?He is called the greatest scientist in the 20th century.He is famous for the Theory of Relativity.He is Albert EinsteinImagination is more important than knowledg

10、eimaginativeWho is he?He invented electric bulbs.He made more than 1,000 inventions duringhis life.He is Thomas Alva EdisonThomas Alva EdisonGenius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.Who is she?She is a woman scientist.She discovered radium(镭镭)and polonium(钋钋).In her lif

11、e, she won the Nobel Prize twice.She is Marie CurieNothing in life is to be feared. It is only to be understood.Who is he?He made the first telescope in the world.His observations show that the earth movesaround the sun.He is Galileo GalileiYou cannot teach a man anything. You can only help him find

12、 it within himself.你不可能把一切都教给一个人， 你只能帮助他从内心去发现（和了解）事物。 common characteristicscautiouspersuasivestrictpositiveCo-operativecreativebrightenthusiasticBrainstorming What good qualities do they have?ReadingWhen diseases break out, what should people do?John Snow defeats “King cholera”ReadingSkimming:Who

13、was the great scientist in the passage and what was the deadly disease of its day?John Snow choleraJohn Snow 约翰约翰.斯诺斯诺(1813 1858), 英国麻醉学家、英国麻醉学家、流行病专家。他首次提出了流行病专家。他首次提出了预防霍乱的措施。预防霍乱的措施。1854年年, 伦敦霍乱流行伦敦霍乱流行, 斯诺通过研究斯诺通过研究霍乱病死者的日常生活情况霍乱病死者的日常生活情况, 寻找到他们的共同行为模式寻找到他们的共同行为模式,发现了霍乱与饮用不洁水的发现了霍乱与饮用不洁水的关系关系,

14、由于及时切断了二者由于及时切断了二者的联系的联系, 有效制止了霍乱的有效制止了霍乱的流行。流行。Four outbreaks of cholera in the 1830s and 1840s killed many people in England. In 1854, “the most terrible outbreak of cholera which ever occurred in the kingdom” began. It was so violent and sudden that 127 people died in the first three days.The ter

15、rible choleraBacteria/germs of choleraCholera: It begins in the stomach and a severe case can lead to death without immediate treatment. And the victims died very quickly from a loss of liquid after severe vomiting(呕吐呕吐) and diarrhoea(腹泻腹泻). It infects peoples intestines(肠道肠道), causing diarrhoea(腹泻腹

16、泻), vomiting(呕吐呕吐) and dehydration(脱水脱水) What is the main idea of the passage? A. John Snow was a well-known doctor in London. B. The case of cholera was polluted water. C. The source of all drinking water should be examined. D. How John Snow collected, analysed data and found the cause of the disea

17、se and solved it.Careful Reading:John Snow was an doctor in London who Queen Victoria as her personal . He thought about helping ordinary people to cholera. Though the cause and the of it were unknown, he wanted to face the and solve the problem. expertattendedphysicianexposedcurechallengeCareful Re

18、ading:1.What were the two theories about the cause of cholera? 2.Which did John Snow want to prove?3.What was his method of doing the research?multiplied victimsabsorb The second one.To gather information in two particular streets.Careful Reading:1.What did he do with the results of his enquiry?2.Wh

19、at valuable clue did he get about the cause of the disease?3.What might be the cause?Marked on a mapMany of the deathshad no deaths.It seemed that the water was to blame for cholera.Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street.deathPart of Snows Cholera MapCareful Reading:1.Why did he

20、 tell people to remove the handle from the pump?2.What happened after the handle was removed?So that slowed downCareful Reading:1.Where did the woman live and what did she had delivered to her house every day?2.What did their deaths suggest?3.What measures did John Snow take to prevent the disease f

21、rom spreading?Away from Broad StreetWater from the pumpThe polluted water carried the virus.suggested thatbe examinedwere instructed not to exposetoRead the passage and number these events in the order that they happened.John Snow began to test two theories.An outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854.

22、He announced that the water carried the disease.John Snow marked the deaths on a map. 2147Carefulreading:King Cholera was defeated.He found that most of the deaths were near a water pump.He had the handle removed from the water pump.John Snow investigated two streets where the outbreak was very severe.3856Find the main idea of each paragraph:1. The causes of cholera2. The correct or possible theory3. Collect data on those where people were ill and died and where they got their water4. Plot(绘图）绘图） information on a