外文翻译MBA教务管理系统的设计与开发_图文

1、毕业设计(论文外文翻译题目MBA教务管理系统的设计与开发专业信息管理与信息系统班级学号学生指导教师 2013 年教师助理:一个基于Web的应用程序使用Java Server Pages,Java数据库连通性计算机科学系加利福尼亚州立大学,富勒顿摘要本文讨论了一种基于网络的应用程序,是联系教育者对社会的主导资源。本网站提供的是个别教师和学校组织的一种简单而有效的沟通手段的学校/课程相关信息社会对教育也提供了有关各方的课堂互动和反馈给教师的在线工具。本文使用Java 2企业版的一些新的应用工具开发基于Web的应用程序的可行性和演示了这一新技术的特点。1、简介一切都是“dot com”的这些天,有很

2、好的理由。在没有这样一个强大的机制来交换信息之前。过去,你会派遣一个使者。然后是电力,允许代码高速传输。莫里斯代码的发明和信息可以在很短的时间内传输很长的距离,接下来来电话,收音机和电视等。这些都是非常强大的通信机制,但缺乏一种或另一种方式。互联网使人们找到特定的信息,他们有比以往任何时候都更快,更大量的信息。这个项目的特定领域的目标是建立一个应用程序,将协助教师交流信息的一个特定的学生的父母或监护人。教师助手会成为家长和教师之间的必要的通信路径。这个技能现在是可能和可行的因特网的出现和个人电脑的。本文还阐述了有效的使用面向对象的方法设计和编程。面向对象分析(OOA,该项目使用的“用例”。用例

3、已经成为在需求收集和了解,需要解决的问题的标准方法。面向对象设计(OOD,该项目采用统一建模语言(UML 1 。面向对象编程(OOP 2 ,该项目使用Java编程语言。2、系统设计教师助理的设计分为三层,最低层是数据层,数据层包含持久性数据存储。下一层是业务逻辑,业务逻辑层包含业务具体的信息,决定如何将数据格式化。上面一层是表示层。数据是使用一个小客户端解决方案使用Web浏览器和标准的HTML文件格式。这将允许最大的在客户端系统规格的灵活性。图1给出了物理打破关闭系统。 图2描述了每个被确定为教师助理需要的集成对象。此图确定了其中的每个对象的外部接口。虽然这个图不显示这些对象的基数,这个图是非

4、常有用的在决定哪些类需要建立与数据接口创建。此图是最有用的一个开发者。移民从用例的顺序图,然后以这类关系图有助于把用户的需求直接应用。数据服务器层采用典型的关系型数据库。在该应用程序中我们选择了两个不同的数据库显示,包括该系统的灵活性和可扩展性。从业务逻辑层对数据库的连接是通过Java数据库连接(JDBC驱动程序。这些允许的业务逻辑被写在选择的存储依赖小。数据传输是通过这些司机一个透明的连接。两个数据库选择微软Access 97对微软的Windows NT系统和IBM的DB2在Linux操作系统。 要访问数据库的连接是通过JDBC ODBC驱动程序,此驱动程序能够连接到任何ODBC兼容的数据库

5、的能力和约束的体积,ODBC是有限的可扩展性。这是申请的第一发展良好,但不宜用于部署应用程序。基于Linux的DB2数据库更灵活的和可扩展的。IBM DB2可以放在一个小的服务器如Linux或Windows NT所有的方式到IBM 0S390主机。这个范围内的增长具有可扩展的能力。教师的信息存储数据库结构是最能代表使用实体关系图。此图显示表,域,域类型,主键,外键,备用钥匙等。图3显示了用于捕获的教师助理所需数据的数据库结构。数据结构的定义和使用简单的SQL语句生成,这些陈述遵循SQL92标准。一个建议是不要把业务逻辑到数据库。这将限制未来的应用可能想利用相同的数据范围,数据是业务逻辑层转化为

6、信息。业务逻辑层负责转换成有用的信息,数据存储,改造应在要求提交的单据的具体领域的要求,这一层可以分解成小元件彼此分离。再次,一个面向对象的设计来帮助建立可复用的目的,灵活的和可维护的代码。对象的依赖关系示于图4。信息的展示是成功应用的关键。如果该应用程序的用户界面是很难使用的,需要一个大的学习曲线,该产品成功的概率是很低的。Java Server Pages(JSP的使用允许开发人员构建基本的HTML结构和插入JSP标签后添加动态内容 3 。这是使用太阳StarOffice 5.1的网页开发。JSP标签是后来加用jbuilder。目前缺乏的是这个复杂建筑JSP开发过程的IDE。图5给出的是“

7、用户”的画面。 3、结论与本文相关两个主要的工作目标的是建立教师助理的应用,引入了两个新的技术:JSP和JDBC。这些目标已在本文中完成。此外,研究表明这些新技术是非常强大和生产为基础的应用构建Web方法。Java Server Pages (JSP在CGI、ASP或改进,建立动态Web页面的Java餐巾。JSP允许开发人员将传统的HTML标签的JSP标签。Java数据库连接(JDBC被连接到任何关系数据库 4 一个非常强大的接口 5 。教师助手程序可以作为教育系统有用的工具。教师和家长之间的沟通是很有限的。网络和互联网的力量消除这种限制。这种通信机制已经改变了世界的面貌,将继续允许传递信息,

8、对所有的人有益的新的和令人兴奋的方式。 4、参考文献1G. J. Booch,Rumbaugh,雅各布森,统一建模语言的用户指南,艾迪生卫斯理1999。3 JSP开发指南,Sun Microsystems,http:/原文:Teachers Assistant: A Web-based Application using Java Server Pages and Java DatabaseConnectivitySusamma BaruaDepartment of Computer ScienceCalifornia State University, FullertonABSTRACT T

9、he paper presented here discusses a Web-based application that serves as a leading resource for linking educators to the community. This Website provides individual teachers and school organizations a simple and effective means to communicate school/course-related information to the education commun

10、ity and also provides a means for interested parties to interact with the classroom and give feedback to the instructor online. The paper shows the feasibility of developing Web-based applications using several new application tools from the Java 2 Enterprise Edition and demonstrates some of the fea

11、tures of this new technology.1. INTRODUCTIONEverything is going "dot com" these days and with good reason. There has never been such a powerful mechanism to exchange information before. It used to be that you would send a messenger by foot. Then came electricity that allowed for high-speed

12、 transfer of codes. Morris code was invented and messages could be sent long distances in a very short period of time. Next came the telephone, radio and of course television. These all are very powerful communication mechanisms but fall short in one way or another. The Internet allows people to pin

13、point the specific information that they need faster than everbefore and has vast amount of information that could never be tapped before. The domain specific goal of this project is to build an application that will assist teachers in communicating information to parents or guardians of a particula

14、r student. The Teachers Assistant will provide a necessary communication path between parents and teachers. This ability is now possible and feasible with the advent of the Internet and the usage of personal PC's. This paper also demonstrates the effectiveness of using an object oriented approac

15、h to analyze, design and programming. For object oriented analysis (OOA, the project uses "Use Cases". Use Cases have become a standard approach in requirements gathering and understanding the problem that needs to be solved. For object oriented design (OOD, the project uses Universal Mode

16、ling Language (UML 1. For object oriented programming (OOP 2, the project uses the Java programming language.2. SYSTEM DESIGNThe design of the Teachers Assistant is broken into three layers. The lowest layer is the data layer. The data layer contains the persistent data that is stored for extended p

17、eriods of time. The next layer is the business logic. The business logic layer contains business specific information that determines how the data will be formatted. The top layer is the presentation layer. Data is presented using a thin client solution using a Web browser and the HTML standard file

18、 format. This will allow for the most flexibility in client system specifications. Fig. 1 gives the physical break down of the system. Fig. 2 depicts the integration of each of the objects that were determined as needed for the Teachers Assistant. This diagram determines the external interfaces to e

19、ach of these objects. Although this diagram does not show the cardinality of these objects, this diagram is very useful in determining what classes need to be built and the data and interfaces that need to be created. This diagram is the most useful to a developer. The migration from the use cases t

20、o the sequence diagrams and then to this class diagram helps tie the user requirements directly to the application. The data server layer uses a typical relational database. In this application we have chosen two different databases to show that the system is flexible and scalable. The connectivity

21、to the database from the business logic layer is through the Java DataBase Connectivity (JDBC drivers. These allow for the business logic to be written with little dependencieson the storage of choice. The transfer of data occurs through these drivers atransparent connection. The two databases chose

22、n are Microsoft Access 97 on Microsoft Windows NT system and IBM's DB2 on Linux OS. The connection to the Access database is done via the JDBC/ODBC driver. This driver has the ability to connect to any ODBC compliant database. The constraint is the volume. ODBC is limited in scalability. This is

23、 good for first development of the application but should not be used for deploying an application. The IBM DB2 on Linux database is more flexible and scalable. IBM DB2 can be put on a small server like Linux or Windows NT all the way to an IBM OS390 Mainframe. This range of growth gives it the most

24、 scalable capabilities. The database structure to store the Teachers Assistant information is best represented using an Entity Relationship Diagram. This diagram will show tables, fields, field types, primary keys, alternate keys, foreign keys, etc. Fig. 3 shows the database structure used to captur

25、e the data required for the Teachers Assistant. The data structure is defined and generated using simple SQL statements. These statements follow the SQL92 standard. One recommendation is not to put business logic into the database. This will limit the scope of future applications that may want to ta

26、ke advantage of the same data. The data is transformed into information at the business logic layer. The business logic layer is responsible for converting the data stored into useful information. The transformation should be specific to the domain requirements presented in the requirement document.

27、 This layer can be broken into small components that are isolated from each other. Again, the goal of an Object Oriented Design to help build reusable, flexible and maintainable code. The object dependencies are shown in Fig. 4. The presentation of the information is the key to a successful applicat

28、ion. If the user interface of the application is difficult to use and requires a large learning curve then the probability that the product will be successful is low. The use of Java Server Pages (JSP's allows the developer to build the basic HTML structures and insert the JSP tags later to add

29、the dynamic content 3. This was developed using StarOffice 5.1 from Sun for the Web Pages. The JSP tags were added later using Jbuilder. There currently is a lack of IDE's for building JSP's. This complicated the development process. A screen shot of the "Subscriber view" is given in Fig. 5. 3. CONCLUSION The two main goals of the work related to this paper were to build the Teachers Assist