必修二unit2语法

1、Welcome师傅师傅被被妖怪抓走妖怪抓走了了 He was caught by a monster.Passive Voice被动语态被动语态 How to describe the picturesThe river was seriously polluted. Some trees have been cut down. What is the Passive Voice? 被动语态被动语态一、什么是语态？一、什么是语态？ 语态是英语动词的一种表现形式，用来说明主语和语态是英语动词的一种表现形式，用来说明主语和谓语动词之间的关系。谓语动词之间的关系。二、语态的种类：二、语态的种类：（1

2、）主动语态）主动语态 （2）被动语态）被动语态三、什么是主动语态？什么是被动语态？三、什么是主动语态？什么是被动语态？四、被动语态的构成：四、被动语态的构成：(八种时态和情态动词的被八种时态和情态动词的被动语态）动语态） 英语动词有两种语态： 主动语态 (the Active Voice) 被动语态(the Passive Voice)A. 主动语态表示主语是动作的主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者执行者。B. 被动语态表示主语是动作的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者承受者。We planted the tree.The tree was planted by us.1.He took good c

3、are of his little brother yesterday.2.We cleaned our classroom just now.3.They used this room for resting.4.We were asked to help them .5.He was given some books.6.The door was locked by monitor.Lead inRockets _ (use) to send up satellitesare usedThe man _(call) “ Good husband”.is called火箭发射图The roc

4、ket _ (send up) into spaceis being sent up砍伐图Trees _ (cut) down. Few places _ (leave) for the tigers to live.are being cut will be left拳击图A boxer _(beat) downhas been beatenRockets are used to send up satellitesThe man is called “ Good husband”.The rocket is being sent up into spaceA boxer has been

5、beaten downFew places will be left for the tigers to live. the Structure isbe+及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词 (be+V.P.P) 被动语态的结构：被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成，助动词be有人称、数的变有人称、数的变化化,其变化规则与be作为连系动词时一样。如：The desk is made of wood. The desks are made of wood.He is asked a question by the teacher.I was given a nice present

6、 by my friend yesterday.1.1.规则动词的过去分词：规则动词的过去分词：1)1)一般情况在动词原形后一般情况在动词原形后加加-ed-edwatch-watched2)2)以不发音以不发音e e结尾的加结尾的加-d-dpractice-practiced3)3)以辅音加以辅音加y y结尾的，去结尾的，去y y变变i i加加-ed-edstudy-studied4)4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母， 先双写该辅音字母，再加先双写该辅音字母，再加-ed-edstop-stopped2.2.不规则动词的过去分词不规则动词的过去分

7、词：amisarebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogone一一. 何时使用被动语态何时使用被动语态 1. 不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要 Paper is made from wood. He was wounded in the fight. 2. 2. 需要强调动作的承受者时需要强调动作的承受者时 Books and newspapers in the reading room mustnt be taken away. He was awarded first prize in that contest. 3 3为了使

8、语气婉转，避免提及自己或对方而使为了使语气婉转，避免提及自己或对方而使用被动语用被动语 态，或由于修饰的需要，使用被动态，或由于修饰的需要，使用被动语态，使句子得以更好的安排。语态，使句子得以更好的安排。 The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month. Electricity is used to run machines. . Present A computer is used in our class every day. computer, use, classA frog _ (

9、catch) by a big bird just now.was caughtPast bank, rob yesterdayman-made satellite, send up, space, last yearA man-made satellite was sent up into space last year.The bank was robbed yesterday.Future send to, hospital, right now a talk, give , soonThey will be sent to the hospital right now.A talk w

10、ill be given soon.The streets_(light) by electricity. I _(not invite)to tomorrows wedding. will not be done 否定结构否定结构Dogs will not be allowed to enter your classroom. allowsmokingstadiumallowSmoking will not be allowed in the stadium.The pet dog _(treat) by veterinary. is being treatedvetrinri n. a.兽

11、医(的)Summary: 现在进行时的现在进行时的被动语态被动语态e.g.1. A new library is being built now.2. Some animals are not being protected well enough.3. Is the bridge being repaired now?1. 1. 构成构成： ： am/is/aream/is/are (not)(not) + + beingbeing + + V-V-过过去分去分词词2. 2. 意义意义： ： 正在被做正在被做. .一座新图书馆正在被修建。一座新图书馆正在被修建。有些动物没有受到很好的保护。有

12、些动物没有受到很好的保护。现在那座桥在修吗？现在那座桥在修吗？is being builtare not beingIsbeing repairedprotectedAn argument _ already _ (put forward) has been put forwardThe houses have been destroyed by the storm.How many Harry Porter books has J.K.Rowling written?She has written seven Harry Porter books .Seven Harry Porter bo

13、oks have been written by J.K.Rowling.电影电影画皮画皮是由陈是由陈嘉上最近导演的。嘉上最近导演的。Painted Skin has recently been directed by Chen Jiashang。Shenzhou _ (send up) on 25, September. And six Chinese astronauts _(send) into space so far.was sent uphave been sentMany old buildings _ (pull down) and new fences_ (build) in

14、 Shijiazhuang.have been pulled downhave been builtFill in the blanks1. We have been taught never to abandon or give up anything by Xu Sanduo.Xu Sanduo has taught us never to abandon or give up anything.2.Wang Baoqiang has been achieved a great success. (true or false)be+ done am/is/are 一般现在时一般现在时 am

15、/is/are+being现在进行时现在进行时shall/will+be一般将来时have/has+been现在完成时现在完成时be+ done was/were 一般过去时一般过去时 was/were+being过去进行时过去进行时would+be过去将来时had+been过去完成时过去完成时be表格：被动态基本结构am/is/are +donewas/were+ doneam/is/are being +donewas/were being +doneshall/will be +donewould be+ donehave/has been +donehad been +done“We

16、must put them in the fridge.”The dogs thought .practice Fill in the blanks with the right form of the words given: I _(give) a new book by my father on my birthday. English _(find) very useful.3.The work _(finish) tomorrow.4. The flowers _(water) by them now.was given is foundwill be finished are be

17、ing watered5.The railway _ (build) this time last year.6. The new way _ already _ (build).7. The new railway _ (build) by the end of last year.8. He told me the sports meeting _(hold) the next month.9. Rice _(grow) in the south of the States.was being builthas been builthad been builtwould be held i

18、s grownPractice:Practice:10. The viewer can touch the objects in the film.11. The viewer may feel a real sense of achievement and happiness.12. RealCine might not impress some viewers.The objects in the film can be touched.A real sense of achievement and happiness may be felt.Some viewers might not

19、be impressed by RealCine.Feedback:Choose the best answers: Is Bob still performing ? Im afraid not. He is said _ the stage already as he has became an official. to have left B. to leaveC. to have been left D. to be left 2. Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York ? I agree, but

20、 the problem is _ he has refused to. will not be sent; that not be sent; thatC.should not be sent; what D.should not send; what3. Millions of pounds worth of damage _ by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.A. has been caused B. had been causedC. will be caused D. will have bee

21、n caused4. Much attention should _ the rapid increase in the number of cars on the roads, which may_ traffic jams and more accidents.A. pay to;result in B. be paid;result fromC.be paid to;result in D. be paid;result from5. She is very shy and she is not used to _ in front of others.A. praise B. prai

22、singC. being praised D. be praised6. What did the students think of the speech made by the lecturer yesterday ? To tell you the truth, the students were all _ with the _speech.A. boring; boring B. boring; boredC. bored; bored D. bored; boring7. My sister _ a good chance to go abroad for further educ

23、ation.A. offered B. was offeringC. has offered D. was offered8. Today many young people enjoy chatting on the net, but their sentences _. never read B. are never readC. werent read D. didnt read9. Every possible means _ to prevent the air pollution, but sky is still not clear.A.is used B. are usedC.

24、 Have used D. has been used10. George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding ?No. I _ . Did they have a big wedding ? Was not invited B. have not been invitedC. hadnt been invited D. didnt invitePractice:1. All the employees except the manager _to work online at home. （04广东）广东）

25、A. encourages B. encourage C. is encouraged D. are encouraged2. The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people _to eat more fruit and vegetables. （2004上海）上海） A. persuade B. will persuade C. be persuaded D. are persuaded3. The mayor of Beijing says that all construction wor

26、k for the Beijing Olympics _by 2008. （2004 北京北京) A. has been completed B. has complete C. will have been completed D. will have completed4. More patients _in hospital this year than last year. （2004江苏）江苏） A. treated B. have treatedC. had been treated D. have been treated5. I dont know the restaurant

27、, but its _to be quite a good one . (1995NMET) A. said B. told C. spoken D. talked.6. _the sports meet might be put off. Yes, it all depends on the weather. (1995NMET) A. Ive been told B. Ive told C. Im told D. I told7. Cleaning women in big cities usually get _by the hour. (1998NMET)A. pay B. payin

28、g C. paid D. to pay8. The heros story _ differently in the newspaper. (2005全国全国II)A. was reported B. was reporting C. reports D. reported9. Sarah, hurry up. Im afraid you cant have time to _ before the party.（2004全国全国II） A. get changedB. get change C. get changing D. get to change10. The policemans attention was suddenly caught by a small box which _ placed under the Ministers car. (2005广东广东) A. has been B. was being C. had been D. would beThe Olympic Game