高中英语语法篇——定语从句(试讲)

1、2021/3/91高中英语语法篇高中英语语法篇 定语从句定语从句The attributive clause授课教师：姜洋授课教师：姜洋2021/3/92考点直击考点直击u定语从句是英语学习的重点和难点，也是高考的重点和热点。重点注意以下几个方面： 定语从句的种类和常见关系词的用法。 that引导的定语从句和同位语从句等名词性从句的区别。 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句的用法。 which，as引导的非限制性定于从句的的用法及区别。 关系副词引导的定语从句与状语从句的区别。 定语从句与强调句式和名词性从句的辨析。2021/3/93A Short Story I will tell you a

2、 story that is very interesting. It is about a young man who was called Tom.Tom married a girl whose name was Jane. Jane was the girl whom Tom loved. They lived in a house which was built by Toms father. It was an old house where Tom was born. Tom liked to write stories and Jane loved all the storie

3、s that Tom wrote. They had 5 children, of whom 3 were boys. The children were very clever, which made Tom very happy. All the children went to college, as their parents expected. 2021/3/94知识网络构建知识网络构建一.基本概念1. 定语从句 在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。2. 先行词 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。3. 关系代词和关系副词 定语从句的引导词。并在句子中充当句子成分。2021/

4、3/95关系词的使用情况先行词先行词引导词引导词/ /关系词关系词引导词在从句中担任的成分引导词在从句中担任的成分物that,which主语、宾语、表语whose定语when,where,why状语人who,that主语、宾语、表语whose定语whom宾语、表语人、物that主语、宾语、表语注意：关系代词which ,as可以指代整个句子，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。定语从句中关系词的选择依据有两个：一是看先行词是人还是物，二是看关系词在句子中担当什么成分。2021/3/96二.关系词的用法 1. 关系代词的用法 （1）由whowho引导的定语从句 关系代词whowho只能指人，在从句中作主

5、语和宾语。例如： It is about a young man who was called Tom. The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 2021/3/97（2）由whomwhom引导的定语从句 关系代词whomwhom只能指人，是whowho的宾格，在句中作宾语，口语中常省略。例如： Jane was the girl whom Tom loved. Mrs Smith (whom) you met yesterday is a friend of mine.2021/3/98（3）由thatthat引导

6、的定语从句。 关系代词thatthat在定语从句中既能作主语，又可作宾语；即可指人，又可指物。例如： I will tell you a story that is very interesting. The book that is on the desk was written by my grandfatrher.2021/3/99 （4）由whichwhich引导的定语从句。 关系代词whichwhich一般指物，在从句中作主语，也可作宾语。例如： They lived in a house which was built by Toms father. That is the pen

7、 (which) I lost yesterday.2021/3/910 （5）由whosewhose引导的定语从句。 关系代词whosewhose是whowho的所有格，在从句中作主语，既可指人，又可指物。例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. Nobody wants the house whose roof has fallen in.2021/3/911提示：“whosewhose+名词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语，又能宾语，whosewhose的先行词常用来指人，但有时也用来指具体事物和抽象概念，这时可以与of whichof which结构互换，次序是“名词+of whichof which”。例如： Tom married