牛津高中英语模块五单元语言点

1、牛津高中英语模块五语言点Unit1Gettingalongwithothers一、Reading1.betray:vt.背叛,出卖,泄露betraysthtosb:向某人出卖/泄露betrayoneself:露出原形betrayal:bitre?h.背叛 Hewouldratherdiethanbetraythedocumenttotheenemy. Shesaidshewassorry,buthereyesbetrayedhersecretdelight.她说她很难过，但她的眼神里却露出她内心的喜悦。 anactofbetrayal:背叛的行为2. (Page2,Lines8-9)Imust

2、havesoundedquiz,sayinghoweasyitwas.musthavedone:一定做过sayinghoweasyitwas”为现在分词作状语，表示伴随状态。3.Jfailsth:未能通过Lfailtodosth:未能做 IfailedmydrivingtestthefirsttimeItookit. Heneverfailstowritetohismothereveryweek.4.rpretendsth:假装，扮作pretendtodosth:假装做Ipretendthat:假装 Hepretendedillnessasanexcuse. Tompretendedtober

3、eadingabookwhentheteachercamein. Shepretendedthatshewasnotathomewhenwerangthebell.5.admit(admitted;admitting):vt.(1)承认fadmit(doing)sth:承认做，admitthat:承认admitsbtobe+n/adj:承认某人是 Headmittedhavingstolenthatcar./Headmittedthathehadstolenthecar. Wealladmithimtobeafool.(2)允许进入，接受，录取admitsbto/intosth:允许进入 Ea

4、chticketadmitstwopeopletotheparty. TomhasbeenadmittedintoPekingUniversity.6.beg(sb)todosth:恳请(某人)做jbeg(sb)forsth:恳请(某人)beg(for)sth:乞讨 Ibegyounottakeanyrisks. Hebeggedherforforgiveness. Johnwassopoorthathehadtobegmoneyfrompassers-by.7. keeponessecret:保守秘密keeponesword/promise:遵守诺言-breakonesword/promis

5、e:违背诺言8. (Page2,Line18)paperthatsaidsay:vt.写到，表明；显示read:vt.写着；指示，显示 Theclocksaiditwas7:30. Inoticedasignreading/sayingNoParking!”.9. swear(swore,sworn):vt.&vi.(1) 发誓，宣誓Jsweartodosth:发誓做Wwearthat:发誓 Monasworenevertoreturntohome. Victorsworethathewouldgethisrevenge(复仇).(2) 咒骂，诅咒swearatsb:咒骂Rich(里奇)tri

6、ppedoveradogandsworeatit.10. spyonsth:监视/窥探ThesedaysIhavebeenspyingontheenemysmovements.11. focus:vt.&vi.集中注意力于；(使)聚焦n.焦点，重点ffocussthonsth:集中于Lfocusonsth:集中注意 Therecentwaveofbombinghasfocusedpublicattentiononthearea. Iwassotiredtofocusonanything. Thefocusoftheconferenceisonenvironmentalissues.12. ma

7、nner:n.方式；举止，态度Cmanners:n.(1)礼貌，礼仪(2)风俗，习惯inthismanner:用这种方式jtablemanners:餐桌礼仪tsgood/badmannerstodosth:做有/无*L貌 Heobjectedinaforcefulmanner.他坚决反对。 Itsbadmannerstotalkwithyourmouthfull.满嘴都是食物说话不礼貌。13. guilty:adj.内疚的，有罪的_Tbe/feelguiltyabout(doing)sth:因为而内疚beguiltyofsth:犯罪 Ifeelguiltyaboutnotvisitinghim

8、often. Hewasfoundguilty.他被判有罪。 Theboyswereguiltyoftheft.这些男孩犯盗窃罪。14. remark:n.&v.谈论，评论，谈到makearemarkaboutsb:议论Jmakenoremark:不加评论remarkonsth:谈论remarkthat:谈到，说起 Shecouldhearothersweremakingruderemarksabouther. Icouldnthelpremarkingonheryouth.我脱口而出说她那么年轻。 Theboyswereguiltyoftheft.这些男孩犯盗窃罪。 Criticsremar

9、kedthattheplaywasnotoriginal.评论家指出该剧缺乏创意。15. arguewithsbabout/oversth:因为与某人争吵arguethat:认为arguesbinto/outofdoingsth:说服某人(不)做argument:n.争论；争吵；争议；论点；论据 Wearearguingwitheachotherovertheholidayexpenses. Hearguedthatmoreimportanceshouldbeattachedtothereformofthecriminals. Theyarguedhimintowithdrawinghisco

10、mplaint.他们说服他撤回了投诉。16. (apologizetosbforsth:因为向某人道歉makeanapologytosbforsth:Weapologizeforthelatedepartureofthisflight.17. besensitivetosb:(1)对体贴(2)对敏感 Shehasbeensensitivetohishusbandsincetheygotmarried. Awritermustntbetoosensitivetocriticism.作家不可对批评意见反映过激。18. blame:vt.责备，指责n.责任，责备，指责Ublamesbfor(doin

11、g)sth:因为责备某人Vblamesthonsb:把归咎于sbbetoblameforsth:某人因为应受责备taketheblame:承担责任 Abadworkmanblameshistools.拙匠埋怨工具差。 Teachersalwaysblamethestudentsfortheirrudebehaviors. Youshouldnotblameyourfailureonthedifficultyofthepaper. ItisIwhoamtoblameforthemistake. YoucantexpectJerrytotakealltheblame.佳句背诵：1. Notunti

12、lthendidIrealizethevalueoffriends.2. Iwillappreciateitifyoucangivemeahandtosolvethisproblem.3. Beingpoliteisthemostimportantsteptodeveloprelationshipamongfriends.4. WhatIwanttostressisthateachofusshouldobeythetrafficrules.典型句式：1.When+分词省略结构Whenasked,theyusuallyhesitatebeforeresponding-2.So引导的倒装Footb

13、allisveryimportanttome,butsoisourfriendship.3.Musthavedonesth.表示对过去发生某事情的肯定推测Imusthavesoundedveryproudofmyselfafterthequiz.二、Project1. theattitudetowardssth:对于的态度Whatisyourattitudetowardsyourschoolwork?2. anchor:v.（1）扎根于；（2）抛锚，停船；（3）固定n.锚，支柱rdrop/castanchor:抛锚Lbeanchoredinsth:扎根于 Theybroughttheboati

14、ntotheharboranddroppedanchor.他们把船开进海港下锚停泊。 Weanchoredthetentwithpegs.我们用桩子固定帐篷。 Literaturemustbeanchoredonourlife. Homeishisanchorwhenheisawayonbusiness.3. becautiousaboutsth:对小心/谨慎cautiousness:n.小心/谨慎UThesepeoplearecautiousaboutspendingmoney.这些人用钱仔田。4. beeagertodosth:急于做Ibeeagerforsth:急于/渴望 Clara（克

15、莱拉）waseagertotellhersideofthestory.克莱拉急于讲述她对那件事的看法。 Shewaseagerforsuccess.5. respond:vi.作出反应；回答respondtosth/respondthat:对.作出反应；回答 Sherespondedtomyletterwithaphonecall. Thedoctorrespondedthathecouldnttellthenameofthedisease.6. response:n.反应；回应；答复inresponsetosth:以回应makeresponsetosth:回应makenoresponse:不

16、作回答 Thelawswerepassedinresponsetopublicpressure. Hemadenoresponsetomyquestion.7. regardless:adv.（1）不管怎样；无论如何（用在句末）（2）regardlessofsth:不管，不顾 Yougetalotofcriticism,butyouhavetocarryonregardless. Allourproposalswererejectedregardlessoftheirmerits（价值，优点）.8. endup:结果为；以.结束endup+介词短语/adj/doing Ifyoucontinu

17、etosteal,youwillendupinprison.你要是继续行窃，终归得进监狱。 Ifhecarriesondrivinglikethat,hellendupdead.他照那样开车，早晚得丢命。 Becausehehadmadefullpreparationsfortheinterview,heendedupworkinginthecompany.9.becommittedtosth/sb:;忠于 Thisdevelopmentareaiscommittedtocreatingaperfectinvestmentenvironment.这个开发区致力于创造一个完美的投资环境。 She

18、wasstronglycommittedtoherjob,apolicewomanbyeminence.10.quarrelwithsbaboutsth:她非常忠于职守，一个卓越的女警。因为与某人吵架haveaquarrelwithsbaboutsth:Wearentgoingtoquarrelwitheachotheraboutafewdollars.11. inconclusion/toconclude:总之Inconclusion,Idliketothankyouforallyouvedoneforme.最后，我要感谢你们为我所做的一切。12.mercy:n.仁慈，怜悯，宽容atthem

19、ercyofsb:任由摆布怜悯某人Cmercytosb:mercyonsb:leavesbtothemercy/merciesofsb:任凭某人受摆布 Theywerelostatsea,atthemercyofwindandweather. Theterroristsshowednomercytherefugees(难民). Hewontleavethecattothemercyoftheboy.13.getthrough:vt.完成；通过；批准通过getthroughtosb/sth:到达；接通的电话 getthroughatask/anexam. Millionsofrefugeeswi

20、lldieifthesesuppliesdontgetthroughtothem. Withgreatefforts,Ifinallygotthroughtothemanager.14.acquaintance:n.(1)熟人；泛泛之交C(2)认识，了解U,Cmakeone怎acquaintance:幺士识Lmaketheacquaintanceofsb:ofonesacquaintance:所认识/理解的onfirstacquaintance:初次相见时 Iamdelightedtomakeyouracquaintance. acertainlawyerofmyacquaintance. E

21、venonfirstacquaintance,wecouldseehewasnttherighttype.初次见面就看出他不是对路子的人。佳句背诵1. Asweallknow,environmentalprotectionhasbecomeoneofthecurrenthottopics.2. Itishightimeforustotakemeasurestopreventtheearthfromgettingwarm.3. Thestudentshaveformedthehabitofpickingupthelitterthattheyseeintheschool.典型句式1.现在分词短语做

22、结果状语Othertypesofwasteflowintoourwater,killingriverandsealife.2. 倍数+what引导的名词性从句Theworldspopulationhasgrownbysixtimeswhatiswasin1800.3. Itsclearthat-Itsclearthatyouareveryconcernedaboutthepresentsituationofourenvironment.4. Nor位于句首引导部分倒装ThisisnotgoodnewsforthepeoplewhorelyontheYangtzeRiverforwater.No

23、risitgoodnewsforthewiderangeoffishandwildlifethatliveinoralongtheriver.Unit2Theenvironment一、Reading1. debate:vt.&n.辩论，争论，讨论Cdebatesthwithsb:与争论/讨论openadebate:展开讨论underdebate:在讨论/辩论中debater:辩论者 Weopenedaheateddebateaboutthebill（议案）withthem. Thewholequestionofcompensation（赔偿）isstillunderdebate.2. floo

24、r:发言权openthefloor:自由发言takethefloor:开始发言havethefloor:有发言权 Thepresidentthentookthefloorandansweredthejournalistsquestions. Thesenator（参议员）havenofloorinthedebate.3.Atimes+what从句：几倍于Thecompanycanproduce10timeswhatitdidlastyear.4. cutbackonsth:减少,削减Wemustcutbackonthewastetosavetheenvironment.5. ；haveadut

25、ytodosth:有义务/责任做Jbeonduty/offduty:值班/下班Localcouncilorshaveadutytoservethecommunity.地方议员有义务为社区服务。6. begreedyforsth:贪图Asweknow,thecorruptofficialsarealwaysgreedyformoneyandfame.7. credit:n.（1）赞扬，认可（2）信用（3）学分C（4）存款U;借款Ccreditable:/kredit?bladj.值得赞扬的，可信的acreditableattemptgivesbcredittosb:赞扬/认可Lbeincredi

26、t:有存款Youshouldgivehimsomecreditforalltheeffortshehasputin.Therearenobankchargesifyoustayindebt. Thedramacourseshouldgivemeenoughcreditstofinishmydegree.8.alargequantityof+nU,C:许多的（作主语，谓语动词根据该结构中的名词形式变化）Largequantitiesof+nU,C:许多的(作主语，谓语动词用复数形式) Alargequantityofmoneyhasbeenspentontheresearch. Alargequ

27、antityofbooksweredonatedtothesechildren. Largequantitiesoftime/carswerewasted.9. askaround:四处打听Iwillaskaroundandseeifanyonecanhelp.10.pump:vt.(1)用泵输送；(2)给打气；(3)倾注，灌注(into)vi.涌出；涌流n.泵，抽水机，打气筒pumpsth+介词+n Theheartpumpsbloodaroundthebody. Pumpairintoatyre. Hepumpedplentyoffundsintothenewproject.他向新工程倾注

28、了大量的资金。 Bloodwaspumpingoutofhisbellylikeafountain.血像喷泉似的从他腹部涌出。11.sthrunout:用光runoutofsth:用光usesthup:用光 Letshurry,ourtimeisrunningout. Wehaveranoutofwhatwehadathand.12. responsibility:n.(1)责任U(2)义务Cftakeresponsibilityforsth:对负责Lhavearesponsibilitytodosth:有义务做 Hetookfullresponsibilityfororganizingsuc

29、hanactivity. Everyonehasaresponsibilitytotryoutmoremethodsinhisstudy.二、Grammar1. 动词+it+when/if从句：enjoy,like,dislike,love,hate,prefer,appreciate等动词后接if从句或when从句，通常应先在动词后接it作形式宾语。It指代if从句或when从句所叙述的内容。例如： Shewontlikeitifyouarrivelate.她不喜欢你退到。 Hehatesitwhenpeopleusehisbike.他讨厌别人用他的自行车。 Idislikeitwhenyo

30、uwhistle.我不爱听你吹口哨。 IpreferitifIdidnthavedosomuch我桥必做那么多工作，那就太好了。 Iwouldappreciateitverymuchifyouwouldhelpmewithit.如果你能帮助我做这事，我会十分感激。2. impress:vt.(1)使印象深刻，打动_Timpresssbwithsth:用打动某人/给某人留下印象Lbeimpressedby/withsth:因为被打动/而留下印象 Heimpressedherwithhissincerity(真诚). Iwasdeeplyimpressedbyhisstory.(2)使铭记，铭刻i

31、mpresssthonsb/impressonsbsth:使某人铭记；铭亥V在上 Themanagerimpressedonhisofficestafftheimportanceofkeepingaccuraterecords.经理让办公室职员铭记做精确记录的重要性。 Hiswordsimpressthemselvesonmymemory.他的话铭亥V在我的记忆里。3. impression:n.印象，感想firstimpression:第一印象makeanimpressiononsb:给留下印象beundertheimpressionthat:原以为，误认为Firstimpressionca

32、nbedeceptive（骗人的）.Itwastheirdeterminationthatmadeadeepimpressiononme. Iwasundertheimpressionthatyouwerecomingtomorrow.我原以为你明天才来。4. conflict:vi.冲突，抵触n.冲突，矛盾conflictwithsth:与抵触/冲突-beinconflictwithsth:与抵触/冲突Theiraccount（才苗述）oftheeventconflictedwithours.Armedconflictislikelytobreakoutbetweenthetwocountr

33、ies. Theydonthavereligiousbeliefs（宗教信彳印）thatwouldbeinconflictwithLinaschoice.5. opening:n.开口，孑L,洞开始，开端theopeningofabook/aspeech开张，开业theopeningofthenewsportscenter6.drill:v.钻孔，打眼n.训练，练习drillforoil:钻井探油TheyaredrillinganewtunnelundertheThames.他们正在泰晤士河底下钻一条新隧道。fire-drill:消防演习 pronunciationdrills:发音练习7.

34、atanationlevel:从国家方面Atthenationallevel,JamaicasdisastermanagementprogramismanagedbytheNationalDisasterCommittee（NDC）anditssixsub-committees.8.inflames:在烈焰中，燃烧着Thewholebuildingwentupinflames.整栋建筑物在大火中烧毁。Theairplaneswereshotdowninflames.飞机被击中起火坠落。佳句背诵1. SointerestingisthisbookthatIwouldliketoreaditaga

35、in.2. Collectingstampsnotonlygivesmesatisfaction,butalsohelpsmerelaxmyselfunderthegreatpressurefromstudies.3. Myparentsthinkthatplayingbasketballtakestoomuchtimeandenergy,whicharesupposedtobespentonstudy.典型句式1. while引导让步状语从句Whilecloninghumanembryosisnotlegalinmanycountries,somescientistsarealreadypu

36、shingaheadwithresearchinordertoproduceaclonedhumanbaby.2. ratherthan平行结构Manydevelopedcountriesarenowconcernedaboutsavingnatureratherthandevelopingordestroyingit.3. 否定词+比较级的形式表示最高级Nowhereisthistruerthanwithgeneticallymodified(GM)foodHehasneverspentamoreworryingday.三、Project1. raiseconcern:弓I起关注在国内外2.

37、 |nationallyandinternationally-athomeandabroadThegreatfireraisedgreatconcernnationallyandinternationally.3.range:n.范围；一系列；山脉；靶场，射击场vi.(在范围内)变化(2)包括(3)排列rarangeofsth:一系歹U-.awide/broad/wholerangeofsth:各种各样的rangefromsthtosth/rangebetweensthandsth:在与之间变化in/withinrange(ofsth):在(的)范围内outofrange(ofsth):超出(

38、的)范围；在(的)范围以外 Wehavestudentsfromawiderangeofbackground.我们的学生来自各种不同的背景。 Shehaddifferentplentyofjobs,rangingfromcheftoswimminginstructor. ThegreatmountainrangeoftheAlps:雄伟的阿尔卑斯山脉。 ariflerange:步枪靶场 Thecatstayedwelloutofrangeofthechildren.这只猫离孩子们远远的。4. putsthindanger:使危险Corruptionwillmakethedamindangerw

39、henheavyfloodoccurs.5.in/withregardtosthregardingconcerning Ihavenothingtosaywithregardtoyourcomplaints. Shesaidnothingregardingyourrequest. Wereadstoriesconcerningvisitorsfromouterspace.6. beunderway:进行中Theplanisnowwellunderway.7. appreciate:vt.欣赏；感激；理解Iwouldappreciateit+if从句：如果,我将不胜感激。appreciation

40、:?pri:?i?ei?nn.欣赏，感激appreciative:?pri:?i?eitivadj.有欣赏力的，感激的beappreciativeofsth:感激 Hisabilitywasfullyappreciatedbyhisemployer. Iwouldappreciateitifyouwouldturnthemusicdown. Toshowourappreciationforyourwork,wedliketogiveyouabonus. Immostappreciativeofyourgenerosity.8. letoff:vt.(1)宽恕，不惩罚(2)放(枪等)，使爆炸 T

41、heyletusoff. Theboyswerelettingofffireworks.9. publictransport:公共交通10. (Page39,Line20)Youshouldfindwaystousethemagainwithoutthrowingthemaway.without=insteadof11. absorb:vt.吸收，理解，使全神贯注beabsorbedinsth:专心于 Plantsabsorbnutrientsfromsoil. Cleverchildrenabsorbknowledgeeasily. Absorbedinhisstudy,hedidntnot

42、iceIcamein.12. doonespart:尽的职责Everyoneshoulddohisparttomakecontributionsforhismotherland.Unit3Scienceandnature一、Reading1. (Page42,Line3)pointoutthatifyoucloneanembryo,youcanproduce当宾语从句是主从复合句，而且从句在前时，that不可以省略；当宾语从句后的主从复合句中的从句在后时，that可以省略。例如：FatherpromisedthatifIstudiedharderhewouldtakemetoBeijing.F

43、atherpromised(that)hetakemetoBeijingifIstudiedharder.2. beononeswaytodoingsth:就快Heiswellonhiswaytobecominganofficerofthecompany.他就快当上公司的高官了。3. intention:n.意图，目的，打算withtheintentionofsth:怀着的意图有意做havetheintentionofdoingsth:Lhavetheintentiontodosth: Hewenttothelibrarywiththeintentionoffindingsomevaluabl

44、ebooks. Wehavenointentionofdesertingthelandwehaveoccupied.4. adopt:vt.领养，收养采用，采纳adopted:adj.领养的，过继的adoption:n.领养，收养采用，采纳Havingnochildrenoftheirown,theydecidedtoadoptanorphan(孤JL). adoptedson:养子 adoptonesadvice.5. (Page42,Line24)IfIhadthechance,Iwouldhave虚拟条件句:从句主句与现在事实相反If+主语+过去式主语+would/should/coul

45、d/might+do与过去事实相反If+主语+haddone主语+would/should/could/might+havedone与将来事实相反If+主语+过去式If+主语+should(万一)doIf+主语+weretodo主语+would/should/could/might+do IfIwereyou,Ishouldtellhimthetruth. IfIhadmoneylasttime,Iwould/should/could/mighthaveboughtacar. Ifitshouldrain,thecropswouldbesaved. Ifheweretoleavetoday,h

46、eshouldgettherebyFriday.6. pushaheadwithsth:努力推进Aftercarefulconsideration,theydecidedtopushaheadwiththeconstructionofthetrainstation.7. consequence:n.后果Casaconsequenceofsth:由于Thesealevelhasrisenalotasaconsequenceofglobalwarming.8. beinagreementwithsb:同意Areweinagreementwiththeprice?9. onapersonalnote

47、:个人认为-ona+adj+note:以的语气/论调 Heendedhisspeechtohisemployeesonahumorousnote. Onamoreserousnote,themanagermentionedtheaccidentlastmonth.二、Grammar1. makeabreakthrough:取得突破Theyhavemadeagreatbreakthroughinscientificresearch.2. burnout:(1)vt.烧光，烧坏；使累垮 Thehotelwascompletelyburntout. Ifhedoesnstopworkingsohar

48、d,hellburnhimselfout.(2)vi.燃尽,烧坏 Thefireburntoutbeforethefiremenarrived. Theclutch(离合器)hasburntoutduetoexcessiveheat.离合器因为过热而失灵。三、Task1. withreferencetosth:关于Withreferencetoyourrecentadvertisement,Imwritingtorequestfurtherdetails.关于贵方最近的广告，现特函查询详情。2. inreplytosth:答复ImwritinginreplytoyourletterofJuly

49、,1.如果你能，我方感激不尽3. _TIwouldbegratefulifyoucouldLIwouldappreciateitifyoucouldWewouldbemostgratefulifyoucouldconfirmthesearrangementsimmediately.如果贵方能立即确认这些安排，我方将感激不尽。4. followinonesfootsteps:效仿某人Myfatherwasajazzplayer,andIwantedtofollowinhisfootsteps.5. conduct:vt.（1）进行（2）指挥（3）传导（4）行为表现conductoneselfwe

50、ll/badly:行为表现好/坏conductor:n.乐队指挥；售票员；列车长；导体 asurveyconductedbyProfessorJohnson:由约翰逊教授进行的调查 conductaband:指挥一个乐队 Copperconductselectricitybetterthanothermaterialsdo. Heconductedhimselffarbetterthanexpected.6. majority:n.多数，大多数amajorityof+n（复数）:大多数（作主语，谓语动词用复数形式）Aclearmajorityofvoterswereinfavorofthemo

51、tion（动议）.绝大多数选民都赞成这一动议。themajority:大多数。它作主语时，如果强调整体，谓语动词用单数；如果强调个体其中成员，谓语动词用复数。Themajorityagree（s）withme.Themajorityof+nC/U:大多数。作主语时，谓语动词根据该结构中的名词形式变化。 Themajorityofpeoplehaverealizedtheimportanceoflimitingpopulationgrowth. Themajorityofthedamageiseasytorepair.Themajorityof+集合名词：大多数。它作主语时，如果强调整体，谓语动词用单数；如果强调个体/其中成员，谓语动词用复数。 Themajorityofthepopulationlive（s）inthecity. Themajorityofthecommitteehave/hasarrived.beinthemajority:占多数Menareinthemajor