铁路术语(中英文)

1、一、一般名词术语 General 1、车辆的种类 铁道车辆 rolling stock, railway vehicle, railway car 客车 carriage, passenger car 货车 wagon, freight car 特种车 special car 钢木车 steel-wood car 全金属车 all metal car 全钢车 all steel car 二轴车 two-axle car 四轴车 four-axle car 六轴车 six-axle car 转向架式车 bogie car 关节式车 articulated car 动车 motor-car 拖车

2、trailer 控制车 controlling car 动车组 powered car train-set 合造车 combined car 简易客车 simply equipped coach 代用客车 substitute passenger car 双层客车 double-deck coach 母车 car with axle generator 子车 car without axle generator 座车 seat coach 硬座车 semi-cushioned seat coach 软座车 cushioned seat coach, soft seat coach 卧车 sle

3、eping car 硬卧车 semi-cushioned berth sleeping car 软卧车 cushioned berth sleeping car 餐车 dining car 行李车 luggage van,baggage car 邮政车 mail van,postal car 了望车 observation car 公务车 service car,private car 文教车 culture and education car 医疗车 hospital car 卫生车 ambulance car 试验车 test car 维修车 maintenance car 宿营车 dor

4、mitory van,train crew car 轨道检查车 track inspection car 轨道探伤车 rail faults detection car 隧道摄影车 tunnel-photographing car限界检查车 structure gauge detection car 检衡车 track scale test car 发电车 generator car 锅炉车 boiler car 救援车 relief car 敞车 open-top car,gondola car 棚车 covered wagon,box car 平车 flat car 罐车 tank car

5、 守车 caboose, brake van 煤车 coal car 砂石车 gravel car 矿石车 ore car 漏斗车 hopper car 水泥车 cement car 保温车 thermal car 隔热车 insulated-cover wagon,insulated box car 加冰冷藏车 ice-cooled refrigerator car 冷冻板冷藏车 eutectic-ice-cooled refrigerator car 加温车 heater car冷藏加温车 refrigerator and heater car 机械冷藏车 mechanical refri

6、gerator car 单节机械冷藏车 mono-unit mechanical refrigerator car 机冷货物车 mechanical refrigerator freight car 机冷发电车 mechanical refrigerator generating car 机械冷藏车组 mechanical refrigerator car train-set 通风车 ventilated car 家畜车 live stock car, stock car 活鱼车 fish car零担办公车 office car for peddler train 毒品车 posion car

7、 集装箱车 container car长大货物车 heavy-duty car,high capacity car 凹底平车 depressed center flat car 落下孔车 well car, well-hole car 双联平车 twinned flat car 钳夹车 schnabel car 自动倾翻车 side dump car 除雪车 sweeper, snow plow 长钢轨车组 long rail car train-set 电站车组 power station car train set 车辆纵向 longitudinal direction of car 车辆

8、横向 transverse direction of car 车端 end of car一位端 “ B” end of car 二位端 “A ” end of car 一位侧 No.1 position side 二位侧 No. 2 position side 轴位 position of axle 轮位 position of wheel 梁位 position of sill 车钩中心线高 hright fron top of rail to coupler center 车辆长度 length of car 车辆宽度 width of car 车辆最大宽度 max. width of c

9、ar 车辆高度 height of car 车辆最大高度 max. height of car 车体长度 length over ends of car body 底架长度 length of underframe 罐体长度 length of tank barrek 车体宽度 width over sides of car body 底架长度 underframe width 车体内长 inside length of car body 车体内宽 inside width of car body 车体内侧面高 inside height of car body 车体内中心高 inside h

10、eight from floor to roof centre 地板面高 height of floor from rail top 车辆定距（心盘中心距）length between bogie pivot centers车辆全轴距 total wheel base of car 车辆定距比 ratio of car body length to length between bogie centres 换长 equivalent length 旁承间隙 side bearing clearance 自重 tare weight 载重 loading capacity 整备品重 servic

11、ing weight 总重 gross weight 自重系数 coefficient of tare weight, tare-to-load capacity 每延米重 load per meter of track 簧上重量 suspended weight, weight above spring 簧下重量 non-suspended weight, weight under spring 构造速度 design speed 通过最小曲线半径 min. radius of curvature negotiated 动力系数 coefficient of kinetic force 振动

12、舒适度 comfortable quality of vibration 平稳性指标（振动舒适度指标） index of running stability 倾复稳定性 security of over turing from track 脱轨稳定性 security of derailment6、其他 空车 empty car 轴数 number of axle 车辆标记 lettering and marking of car 车辆型号 model of car 车辆号码 serial number of car 定员 seating capacity 技术履历簿 technical an

13、cestry book 吊 hanger 卡 clamp,clip 吊卡 anchor,suspension 座 seat,rest,bracket 吊座 hanger bracket 托 carrier,support,bearer 环 ring 链 chain 连接板 connecting plate 补强板 reinforcing plate 筋板 rib 隔板 partion plate 撑板 staying plate 托板 supporting plate 固定板 fastening plate 压板 pressing plate 吊板 hanging plate 支承板 bear

14、ing plate 垫板 shim,pad 调整板 adjusting plate 限制板 locating plate 挡板 baffle plate 防跳板 anticreep plate 护板 shield plate 防尘板 dust guard plate 磨耗板 wear plate 防火板 fireproof plate 盖板 cover plate 腹板 web plate 翼板 flange plate 地板 floor plate 顶板 roof plate 墙板 side plate 装饰板 decorating plate 饰带板 lining 根据位置不同所用板 pl

15、ate used in other place 节流板 moderating plate,limiting plate 垫 shim,pad,liner,washer 盖 cap,cover,lid 阀 valve 体 body梁 girder， sill， beam， stringer 柱 post 斜撑 diagonal brace 压条 cornice，molding ， treadle bar 承木 wooden parting stringer， nailing strip 隔热材料 heat-insulating material二 走行装置 running gear1 一般 走行

16、装置 running gear 转向架 bogie， truck 二轴转向架 two-axle bogie 三轴转向架 three-axle bogie 组合转向架 combination bogie 导框式转向架 pedestal bogie 导框式转向架 non-pedestal bogie 导框式转向架 pedestal bogie 整体侧架转向架 bogie with integral box side frame 构架 frame， bogie structure 侧架 bogie side frame 轮对 wheel set 有箍车轮 tyred wheel 整体车轮 solid

17、 wheel 碾钢车轮 wrought steel wheel， rolled steel wheel 轴箱 journal box 承载鞍 adapter 轴箱定位装置 box guidance弹簧减振装置 spring and vibration absorber device 弹簧悬挂装置 suspension damper 弹簧装置 spring device轴箱弹簧装置 journal spring device 摇枕弹簧装置 bolster spring device 轴箱弹簧 journal spring 摇枕弹簧 bolster spring 均衡弹簧 equalizer sp

18、ring 空气弹簧 air spring 橡胶弹簧 rubber spring 第一系弹簧装置 primary suspension 第二系弹簧装置 secondary suspension 一系弹簧装置 single-stage suspension 二系弹簧装置 two-stage suspension 自动高度调整装置 automatic height adjuster 减振器 vibration absorber 摩擦减振器 snubber 油压减振器 hydraulic damper 旁承 side bearing 滑块式旁承 sliding block side bearing 摆

19、块式旁承 pendulum side bearing 滚子式旁承 roller side bearing 液压旁承 hydraulic side bearing 气液旁承 hydro-pneumatic side bearing 转向架基础制动装置 bogie brake rigging 踏面制动 tread braking 盘形制动 disc braking, rotor braking 单侧制动 single side braking 双侧制动 clasp braking 制动梁 brake beam 闸瓦 brake block, brake shoe 闸片 brake ling 中磷闸

20、瓦 medium phosphor brake shoe 高磷闸瓦 high phosphor brake shoe 合成闸瓦 composite brake shoe 制动盘 braking disc心盘面自由高 free height from rail top to centre plate wearing surface 转向架对角线 bogie diagonal 轴距 wheel base 固定轴距 fixed or rigid wheel base转向架全轴距 total wheel base of bogie assembly 轮对内侧距 distance between bac

21、ks of wheel rims 轴颈中心距 distance between acting centers of journal load 踏面 tread 踏面斜度 tread taper 踏面基点 taping point 滚动圆 rolling tread circle 车轮直径 wheel diameter 轮箍厚度 tire thickness 轮辋内侧厚度 rim inside thickness 轮辋外侧厚度 rim outside thickness 轮辋宽度 rim width 轮缘高度 flange height 轮缘高度测定线 flange base line 轮缘厚度

22、 flange thickness 轮毂直径 diameter of boss轮毂厚度 boss thickness 轴箱导框间隙 pedestal clearance with pedestal guide 摇枕挡间隙 column guide cleatance with the column 轴载荷 axle loading force 轴荷重 axle load 轴重 wheel set load 心盘载荷 centre plate loading force 旁承载荷 side bearing loading force 斜对称载荷 obliquely symmetrical loa

23、ding force 弹簧静挠度 static deflection of spring 弹簧动挠度 dynamic deflection of spring 弹簧挠度裕量 surplus deflection of spring, reserve deflection of spring 挠度裕量系数 reserve coefficient(or surplus factor) of spring deflection 转向架扭曲刚度 bogie against distortion rigidity 摩擦减振器相对摩擦系数 relative friction coefficient of

24、snubber 油压减振器阻力系数 damping coefficient of hydraulic damper 减振指数 damping index 临界阻尼值 critical damping value 脱轨系数 coefficient of derailment 轴温 axle temperature 轮缘垂直磨耗 vertical wear on flange 踏面擦伤 scotching on wheel tread 踏面剥离 flaking on wheel tread2、转向架构架 bogie structure 发电机吊架 genertor hanger support 缓

25、解弹簧座 release spring bracket 闸瓦托吊座 brake head hanger bracket 安全吊座 safety hanger bracket 固定支点座 fixed fulcrum bracket 端梁 end sill 侧梁 side sill 纵向梁 longitudinal sill 辅助梁 auxiliary transom 摇枕吊耳 bolster hanger lug 横梁 transom 闸瓦托吊耳 brake head hanger lug3 转向架侧 bogie side frame 轴箱承台 pedestal journal roof 上斜弦

26、梁 top oblique chord 检查孔 inspection hole 斜楔挡 friction wedge stop 上弦梁 top chord立柱 column 轴箱挡 pedestal leg 制动梁滑槽 brake beam guide 下弦梁 bottom chord 弹簧承台 spring seat 凸脐 spring seat boss 摇枕孔 bolster opening 下斜弦梁 bottom oblique chord 轴箱导框 pedestal4 摇枕及弹簧装置 bolster and spring device 弹簧托梁 spring plank carrie

27、r 摇枕吊 bolster hanger 摇枕吊销 bolster hanger pin 摇枕吊销座 bolster hanger pin seat 油压减振动器 hydraulic damper, oil damper 弹簧夹板 spring button 摇枕弹簧(外圈) bolster spring(outer) 摇枕弹簧(内圈) bolster spring(inner) 下旁承体 bogie side bearing base 下旁承胶垫 bogie side bearing rubber pad 下旁承滑块 bogie side bearing sliding block 摇枕挡

28、bolster guide 下心盘 bogie centre plate 中心销 centre pin 摇枕 bolster 下旁承 bogie side bearing 横向缓冲器 lateral buffer 横向拉杆 lateral connecting rod 摇枕板弹簧 bolster double elliptic spring 弹簧托板 spring plank 安全吊 safety hanger 摇枕吊轴 bolster hanger shaft5 摇枕 bogie bolster 斜楔摩擦面 bolster friction wedge pocket slope 凸脐 spr

29、ing seat boss 心盘安装面 centre plate location 排水孔 draining hole 中心销孔 centre pin hole 固定杠杆支点安装面 dead lever fulcrum bracket location 下旁承座 bogie side bearing seat 摇枕挡 column guide6，7 轮对轴箱及弹簧装置 wheel set， journal box and spring device后挡板 rear guard 油卷 lubricating pad 前枕 front guard 轴箱盖 box lid 轴瓦垫 journal b

30、earing wedge 轴箱体 journal box body 轴瓦 journal bearing 防尘板 dust guard， dust shield 车轴皮带轮 axle belt pulley 车轴 axle 车轮 wheel 防尘挡圈 dust guard ring 滚动轴承 roller bearing 弹簧支柱 spring guide-post 定位套 locating bush 轴箱弹簧 journal spring 支持环 spring guide 缓冲胶垫 rubber pad 轴箱后盖 journal box rear cover 轴箱体 journal box

31、body 紧定螺母 set nut 防松板 locking plate 轴箱前盖 journal box frim cover 均衡弹簧座 equalizing spring seat 轴箱导框 pedestal 均衡弹簧(内圈、中圈、外圈) equalizing spring(inner, intermediate, outer) 均衡梁 equalizer 轴箱托板 journal box tie bar 轴箱导框磨耗板 pedestal wear plate8 轮对 wheel set车轴 axle 车轮轮箍 tire, tyre 车轮扣环 retaining ring 车轮轮心 whe

32、el centre 整体车轮 solid wheel9 车轴 axle中心孔 centre hole 轴颈前肩 hournal front fillet轴颈后肩 journal rear fillet 轮座前肩 wheel seat front fillet 轮座后肩 wheel seat rear fillet 轴中央部 axle middle portion 轴身 axle body 轮座 wheel seat 防尘板座 dust guard seat 轴颈 journal 轴领 collar10 整体车轮 solid wheel辐板 web plate 轮缘 flange 轮毂孔 whe

33、el hub bore 轮毂 hub， boss 轮辋 rim 踏面 thread 辐板孔 web plate hole11 轴箱体 journal box body前壁 front wall 内顶 journal box roof 轴箱口 journal box opening 雨檐 eaves 瓦垫挡 journal bearing wedge stopper 承台座 pedestal seat 底部 bottom 排水槽 draining slot 轴箱盖耳孔座 journal box hinge lug 后壁 rear wall 防尘板槽 dust guard slot 瓦耳挡 bea

34、ring lug guard 侧壁 side wall 导槽 pedestal guide12 油压减振器 hydraulic damper压板 pressing plate 胶垫 rubber fitting 垫板 pad 套 sleeve 密封盖 seal cap密封圈 seal ring 密封衬垫 seal ring retainer 螺母 nut 密封弹簧 seal spring 导向套 guide bush 缸端盖 cylinder end cap 缸体 cylinder body 防尘罩 dust protector 活塞 piston 芯阀 key valve 阀套 valve bush 阀座 valve seat 阀瓣 valve clack 进油阀座 oil inlet valve seat 储油缸 oil storage cylinder13 转向架基础制动装置 bogie brake rigging制动梁 brake beam 制动梁缓解弹簧 brake beam release spring 闸瓦托吊 brake head hanger 固定杠杆 dead lever