动名词的用法PPT通用课件

1、Module OneModule One语法点的讲练语法点的讲练动名词动名词Grammar3 什么是非谓 语动词啊？ “非谓语非谓语”,就是不是谓语的动词呗!那不是谓语是什么呢？。谓语谓语：说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和：说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。它有人称、数、时态和语态的变化。状态。它有人称、数、时态和语态的变化。 e.g. He works. He takes care of the baby. He will go to Shanghai. He didnt go to Shanghai. He has gone to Shanghai. You are students.

2、 You look smart.单谓语或动词单谓语或动词短语短语情态动词情态动词/助助动词动词+ v.系动词系动词+表语表语概念：概念： 非谓语动词：非谓语动词： 是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分.leavingleft非谓语动词动名词动名词分词分词现在分词现在分词过去分词过去分词动词不定式动词不定式动名词的定义动名词的定义它是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词形式。基本形式它是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词形式。基本形式为为:v-ing, 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以做主语、动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以做主语

3、、表语、宾语、定语等。动名词有时态和语态的变化表语、宾语、定语等。动名词有时态和语态的变化。动名词的时态和语态的基本形式动名词的时态和语态的基本形式：（以：（以write为例）为例） 时时态态语态语态一般时一般时完成时完成时主动语态主动语态writing having written 被动语态被动语态being written having been written 注意：动名词的否定形式是：注意：动名词的否定形式是：not writing/not having writtenV-ing形式的构成方式：形式的构成方式：1.在一般情况下，在动词原形后直接加词尾在一般情况下，在动词原形后直接加词尾

4、 ing。 eg. go going; do doing; ask asking; read - reading study studying; carry carrying; fly flying; worry worrying; 2.在以不发音的在以不发音的e 结尾的动词后，去掉结尾的动词后，去掉e，再加，再加- ing。 eg. come coming live living dance dancing make making 3.在闭音节的单音节动词后、以重读闭音节结尾的多音节动在闭音节的单音节动词后、以重读闭音节结尾的多音节动词，而末尾只有一个辅音字母时，将这个辅音字母双写（词，而末

5、尾只有一个辅音字母时，将这个辅音字母双写（x除除外），然后再加外），然后再加 ing. sit sitting; run running; begin beginning; forget forgetting 4.在少数几个以在少数几个以 ie 结尾的动词后：须将结尾的动词后：须将ie 变作变作y，再加，再加- ing。(这些动词词典一般均注明这些动词词典一般均注明) eg. die dying; tie tying lie lying 性质性质 主语主语 表语表语 宾语宾语 宾补宾补 定语定语 状语状语动名动名词词n.动名词能在句中充当什么成分？动名词能在句中充当什么成分？动名词的

6、基本用法动名词的基本用法用作主语用作主语所表动作比较抽象，或者泛指习惯性的动作。所表动作比较抽象，或者泛指习惯性的动作。Playing with fire is dangerous.（泛指）（泛指） /To play with fire in this room is very fangerous.(表具体一次动作）表具体一次动作） Climbing mountains is really fun. 注意：注意：动名词做主语，有时先用动名词做主语，有时先用it作形式主语，把动名词作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。这种用法在习惯句型中常用。置于句末。这种用法在习惯句型中常用。 1)It is no

7、use/ good / useless + doing2)It is a waste of time+doing 3)It is fun+doing 在以上两种结构中常用动名词作主语。在以上两种结构中常用动名词作主语。Its no use crying over spilt milk.(覆水难收）覆水难收）There is no joking about the matter. It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。和孩子们一起玩真好。 2. 用作宾语用作宾语1）作动词的宾语）作动词的宾语 某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语，不能某些

8、动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式。常见的此类动有：用不定式。常见的此类动有：advise, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy,appreciate,dislike, finish, imagine, include, keep, keep on, mind, miss, delay, practise, resist, suggest, . give up, cannot help depend on, think about, set about, succeed in, worry about, burst out, ins

9、ist on, cant stand, be used to, get used to, devoteto, look forward to, pay attention to, get down to等。如：等。如： 1.The bank strongly resisted cutting interest rates. 2.It is better for you to practise speaking English every day.I found it pleasant walking along the seashore. 在海滩上在海滩上走真是乐事。走真是乐事。 为了便于记忆

10、，特归纳如下：为了便于记忆，特归纳如下：后跟后跟-ing的动词的顺口溜：的动词的顺口溜：避免，错过，（少）延期避免，错过，（少）延期建议，完成，（多）练习建议，完成，（多）练习喜欢，想象，禁不住喜欢，想象，禁不住承认，否定，（又）妒忌承认，否定，（又）妒忌逃避，冒险，（多）原谅逃避，冒险，（多）原谅忍受，保持，（不）介意忍受，保持，（不）介意avoid, miss, postpone/put offsuggest, finish, practiceenjoy, imagine, cant helpadmit, deny, envyescape, risk, excusestand, keep,

11、 mind2）作介词的宾语）作介词的宾语 We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 我们正考虑为下学期制定新的计划。我们正考虑为下学期制定新的计划。Shall we have a rest or get down to _(do) our work? 我们休息呢还是开始干活？我们休息呢还是开始干活？ Despite they lack money, his parents sent him to a good university. He was late again because of _(get)up late. Lo

12、ck the doors and windows before go out. What/How about the two of us_(play) games？doinglackinggettinggoingplaying注意：注意：to 在下列短语中是介词，常跟动名词作宾语。在下列短语中是介词，常跟动名词作宾语。 be/get used to look forward to get down to pay attention to devote oneself to lead to contribute to object to（反对）（反对） turn to see to stick

13、toEg :1. Lets get down to preparing for the exam.2.Most of us know we should cut down on fat, but knowing such things isnt of much help when it comes to shop and eat.shoppingeating3)动名词用在下列词组后作宾语：动名词用在下列词组后作宾语：give up, cant help, feel like, be worth, be busy, set about, put off, think of，insist on等等

14、 1.She cant help crying at the sad sight.试比较：试比较：I am so busy and I cant help clean the room now. 2.Do you feel like having a break?试比较：试比较：I would like to have a cup of tea now.4)既可接动名词又可接不定式的常用动词有：既可接动名词又可接不定式的常用动词有：1)意思相同的动词：意思相同的动词： like hate begin start continue intend prefer loveEg It continue

15、d raining/to rain hard .2)意思发生变化的有：意思发生变化的有：1.remember/forget/regretto do动作尚未发生动作尚未发生doing 动作已经发生动作已经发生2. try to do 设法、努力去做，尽力设法、努力去做，尽力doing 试试去做（看有何结果）试试去做（看有何结果）3. mean to do 打算做（主语一般是人）打算做（主语一般是人）doing 意味着（主语一般是物）意味着（主语一般是物）4. stop/go on to do停下去做另外一件事停下去做另外一件事doing 停止做手头的事情停止做手头的事情1. He tried_(

16、 stand) up but failed.Lets try_(tell) him about the sad news.2.I regret _(tell) you that I cannot come.I really regret_(miss) his lecture.3. I meant_(buy) some bread,but I forgot.Wasting time means_(kill) life.4. I forgot _(wake) him up this morning.He forgot _(turn) the light off and went back to h

17、ave a check.5. Shall we go on _(discuss) the next question of insurance? After a short rest, he went on _(write) the same letter.6. Please remember_(give) my best regards to your family.to standtellingto tellmissing/having missedto buykillingto waketurning/having turnedto discusswriting5.） need, req

18、uire, want作作“需要需要”解解时时, 后接动词后接动词-ing形式作宾语形式作宾语, 主动形主动形式表示被动意义式表示被动意义, 相当于相当于to be done。如：如： The radio needs / requires / wants repairing / to be repaired. 另外：另外：deserve doing=to be doneEg: 1.Such a trouble maker deserves to be punished/punishing. .2 Whoever has done such a thing deserves to be fired

19、 from our club sooner or later. 3.动名词做表语：解释前面的名词动名词做表语：解释前面的名词1.Your task is cleaning the windows.=Cleaning the windows is your task.2. What I hate most is being laughted at.3.Her first delight was going to the Tower.4.动名词做定语：动名词做定语：a walking stick= a stick which is used for walkingA washing machine

20、=a machine for washingA reading room= a room .）动名词的逻辑主语及复合结构）动名词的逻辑主语及复合结构Would you mind _（我开窗户吗）？（我开窗户吗）？Would you mind my / me opening the window?my/ me 称为动名词的逻辑主语称为动名词的逻辑主语I cant understand Jack /Jacks leaving his wife.I cant understand his/him leaving his wife.Jacks/ His leaving his wife is unbe

21、lievable.动名词的逻辑主语动名词动名词的复合结构动名词的逻辑主语动名词动名词的复合结构动名词的几个注意事项动名词的几个注意事项动名词的复合结构动名词前可以加一个 物主代词或 名词所有格来表示 这个动名词逻辑上的主语 ，构成动名词的复合结构或动名词短语1).形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词 / 名词所有格名词所有格 + 动名词动名词 在句中作主语在句中作主语/宾语宾语: Marys coming late made her teacher angry. Do you mind my smoking? Do you mind my reading your paper? Their com

22、ing to help was a great encouragement to us. Roses going wont be of much help. 2).人称代词宾格人称代词宾格 / 名词名词 + 动名词动名词 在句中作宾语在句中作宾语: Im sure of him coming on time. He has never heard of a woman being a pilot. I dont mind Jack (him) going. She hates young people (them) smoking.2. 动名词的被动形式动名词的被动形式:being doneT

23、he officers narrowly escaped _(kill) in the hot battle.3. 动名词的否定形式：动名词的否定形式：not doing not having doneYou will be punished for not finishing your homework on time.being killed1.The news that our team had been defeated was disappointed.2.Lucy doesnt mind to lend you her MP3.3.After take his measure, t

24、hey decided to give him the position.4.I still remember taken to Shanghai when I was a child.disappointingdisappointinglendinglendingtakingtakingbeingbeingCorrect the mistakes in each sentence.Correct the mistakes in each sentence.5.I am not used to be spoken to like that.6.We would appreciate to hear from you soon.7.People sometimes cant help to buysomething they wont need.8.I can hardly imagine Peter sails across the river.9.Tony was very unhappy for h