跨文化商务沟通整理

1、跨文化商务沟通整理跨文化商务沟通期末考试的复习内容一、单选题（10题X2分=20分）1、_A is called interracial communicationA.The communication between African Americans and European Americans.B.The communication between two peopleC.Communication we have with ourselves.Interactions among people from different nations.2、The nail that sticks

2、up gets hammered down is a proverb revealing.A. individualism B. collectivism C. self-centered D. independence3、 The colour red means prosperit源荣、 兴旺） in D.A. American B. England C. Spain D. China4、 “Ye110Vdog” refers to C in England.A.someone who is happyB. Someone who is braveC. Someone who is cow

3、ar d（卑鄙的）D. Someone who is sad.5、A: Thank you so much for what you have done for me and I really appreciate your kindness.B:C（If you were B, which of the following you would choose as a polite and proper answer）A. It my duty to do so.C. It's my pleasure.B. No, it nothing.D. It s what I Should do

4、.6、C is not one of the countries with high-context communication.A. China B. Mexico C. Canada D. Japan7、_D belongs tdow uncertainty avoidance.不确定性回避）A.People develop many rules to control social behaviors.B.People tend to worry abort the future.C.People have a high level of anxiety.D.People believe

5、in accepting dissent among cultural members .8、C tends to be feminine（娇柔倾向）country.A.Japan B. England C. Denmark D. Germany9、Owl （猫头鹰）is the symbol of misfortune不幸）in D。A. American B. England C. Spain D. China10、D adoptsmonochromic （单向计时制）time system.A. Chill B. Brazil C. Argentina D. England.1 .C i

6、s calledintrapersonal communication.A. The communication between African Americans and European AmericansB. The communication between two peop leC. Communication we have with ourselvesD. Interactions among people from different nations.2 . The nail that sticks up gets hammered down” is a proverb fro

7、m AA.Japan B.American C.Germany D.England3 . A red rag to a bulT （火冒三丈） may stem from D.A.American B.England C.Spain D.China4 .The color yellow means young in A.A.American B.Japan C.Spain D.China5 ._B is not one of the countries with low-contextcommunication.A.American B.Mexico C.Canada D.Germany6 .

8、A belongs to high uncertainty avoidance.A.People develop many rules to control social behaviors.B.People are willing to accept change and takes risks.C.People have a high tolerance for uncertainty and ambiguity.D.People believe in accepting dissent among cultural members.7 .A tends to be masculin e阳

9、刚倾向） country.A.Japan B.Hollan C.Denmark D.Thailand8 .C adoptspolychronic （多项计时制）time system.A.Canada B.Germany C.Argentina D.England9 .Cow is worshiped in A.A.India B.America C.Germany D.Japan10 .The word Hippie” is from D.A.England B.Japan C.Canada D.America二、True or False.判断正误（10 题*2 分=20 分）1.Japa

10、nese culture prefers directness and face-caving behaviors.1.1 t s normal to point the soles of your shoes or feet towards the other person when you sit in Indonesia.3 .Americans highly value positive nonverbal displays and typically regard someonewho smiles as more intelligent than someonewho does n

11、ot.4 .All people of the same nationality will hare the same culture.5 .Culture can be seen as shared knowledge what people need to know in order to act appropriately in a given culture.1 .Encoding is the process of putting ideas into symbols.2 .Although cultures do change. most changes affects only

12、the surface structure of the culture.3 .Culture is a static （静态的） entity while communication is a dynamic process.4 .Women are frequent participants on a Japanese negotiation team.5 .Western women usually like Chinese to touch their bodies or small children.6 .Cultural mistakes are more serious than

13、 linguistic mistakes. The linguistic mistake means that someone is not fully expressing his or her idea while cultural mistakes can lead to seriousmisunderstanding and even ill-feeling between individuals.7 .One' s actions are totally independent of his or her culture.8.All cultures require and

14、value politeness,but the ways in which politeness is achieved may vary significantly.9.In informal situations, a large number of compliment s 恭维）areused to make people feel comfortable.10. “Dragon” means the same to the westerner as 陇:'"to the Chinese.三、名词解释（5题*3分=15分）1、intercultural commun

15、ication2、Collectivism3、valuesx/4、masculinity/5、polychromic time system7具体解释：6、power distance. V7、nonverbal communication8、individualism9、femininity10、Monochromic time system/I.Intercultural communication:face-to-face interactions among people of diverse cultures.2 .Collectivism:A society low individ

16、ualism would likely endorse,harmony.socialorder,conformityingrouprelationships,deference to group norms,family relationship and loyalty to consensus view.points3 .values:values can be defined as broad preferences concerning appropriate courses of action or outcomes. As such, values reflect a person&

17、#39;s senseof right and wrong or what "ought" to be., ” Equal rights for all", "Excellence deserves admiration", and "People should be treated with respect and dignity" are representative of values. Values tend to influence attitudes and behavior.4 .Masculinity （阳刚

18、倾向）:refers to a kind of values that the society advocates the dominance of the masculine characteristics such as decisiveness,assertiveness,and competitiveness,traits that reflect traditional manly values of control over events.5 .Polychromic time system（多向计时制）:Polychromic time system is a kind of v

19、iewpoint and attitude toward time, which means that several things are being done at the same time.6 .Power distance:can therefore be defined as the extent to which the less powerful. Members of insititutions and organizations within a country except and accept that power is distributed unequally.7

20、.Nonverbal communication:（ 非 语 言 交 际 ） is communication through means other than language-for example,facial expression personal space, eye contact, use of time,and conversational silence.8 .Individualism:this dimension measure the degree to which a society values independent initiative to collectiv

21、e effort.9 .Femininity:（娇柔倾向）feminine orienlations focus on nurturingrelationships and human interactions. They display limited emphasis on competitive dominance.10 .monochromic time system: monochromic time system is a king of viewpoint and attitude toward time, which means that things should be do

22、ne one at a time, and time is segmented into precise, small units.四、简答题（5 题 *5 分 =25 分）1、What is noise in communication?2、 What are the characteristics of culture?3、 How much do you know about Japanese people?And how canyou communicate well with them?74、What is high-context communication?5、What is t

23、he Chinese dream? V6、What are the components of communication?7、What are the ingredients of culture?/8、What is low-context communication?9、 How much do you know about German People? And how can you communicate will with them?10、 What is American Dream?1 .What is noise in communication?The term noise

24、 technically refers to anything that distorts the message the source encodes. Noise can be of many forms:external noise can be the sights,sounds, andother stimuil that draw youe attention away from the message.Have a radio on while reading is external ernal noise refers to your thoughts anf

25、 feelings that can interfere with the message.2 .What are the characteristics of culture?Six characteristics of culture are of special importance to intercultural commumication:(1)culture is learned (2)culture is transmissible.(3)culture is dynamic. (4)culture is selective.(5)the facets of culture a

26、re interrelated).(c6ulture is ethnocentric.3 .how much do you know about Japanese people. And how can you communicate well with them?Japanese people are very polite and they are very patient in business, they don't like talkative persons and they never refuse others directly. Based on the knowle

27、dge, i will try to confirm to their characteristics. i will not talk too much and too quickly when communicating with them, i will be polite and patient and try to get the implied meaning from the other party, if necessary i will ask them in a very directly and politely.4 .What is high-context commu

28、nicatio？nIt is a kind of communication style in which the meaning rely heavily on hidden, implicit, contextual cues such as nonverbal behavior, social context, and the nature of interpersonal relationships. The focus is on the meaning between lines, and the receiver is required to catch the implied

29、meaning of the speaker.5 .What is the Chinese Dream?Chinese Dream is a term popularized After 2013 within Chinese socialist thought that describes a set of personal and national ideals in the People s Republic of China and the Communist Party of China. It is used by journalists, government officials

30、, and activists to describe the role of the individual in Chinese society as well as the goals of the “Chinese nation ” T,he dream is described as “national rejuvenation, improvement of people s livelihoods, prosperity, construction of a better society and a strengthened military.6 .what are the com

31、ponents of communication?They are: source, encoding, message, channel, noise, receiver, decoding,receiver/response,feedback context.7 .what are the ingredients of culture?Cultures may be classified by three large categories of elements: artifacts(man-made things), concepts(suchbeliefs and ideas in p

32、eople's mind) and behaviors (human being's activities and actions)8 .what is low-context communication?It is a kind of communication style in which the meaning of the messageis expected to be explicit, direct, and unambiguous.The speaker is required to express the meaning as clear as possibl

33、e.what is power distanc？eThis dimension measures a society's emphasis on human inequalities. A culture high in power distance would value hierarchical status and authority. in contrast, countries that scored low on power distance don't take it serious, and superiors and subordinates feel rel

34、atively comfortable with shared decisionmaking and Decentralization.what are the components of communication?They are: source, encoding, message, channel, noise, receiver, decoding,receiver/response,feedback context.Answer the following questions according to your knowledge.What is noise in communic

35、ation?What are the characteristics of culture?How much do you know about Japanese people? And how can you communicate well with them?What is high-context communication?What is the Chinese Dream?赞扬人的外貌You have a beautiful smile.Your hairstyle looks nice.性格You have a good sense of humor.You have got a

36、 great personality.家庭成员Your wife is beautiful.Your kid is cute.能力You have done a good job.You did a good presentation.财物Your car is nice.五、案例分析（2题 *10 分 =20分）Case 1:Yang Ruifang worked as a secretary in an Australian company in Melbourne. She became friendly with one of the Australian secretaries,a

37、woman named Cathy Lane.The two usually ate lunch together and Yang Ruifang often asked Cathy for advice on problems she she faced adjusting to Australian society.Cathy gave her a tot of advice and helped her move from one apartment to another.Cathy went with Yang Ruifang to the immigration Bureau se

38、veral times to help sort out some problem.Yang Ruifang visited Cathy several times at home but did not incite Cathy to her apartment,becauseshe shared it with four other people if they did not see ouch other over the weekend,they usually talked on the telephone.As Yang Ruifang was also preparing to

39、take on English test, she was able to get a lot of help with English in this way.However, something seemedto be going wrong Cathy seemed to be getting impatient, even a Little cold , She started going out by herself at lunchtime instead of eating with Yang, and seemed reluctant to answer questions.Y

40、ang Ruifang was puzzled. She couldn't imagine the problem was.Analysis： the definition of friendship is different between Chinese and Western countries culture, in China, we think that we should do things all as one wishes and stay together everyda yeating together,shopping together and so on.We

41、 always say“ A friend indeed is a friend in need” .In this case, ruifang treat his secretary like this way makes her secretary feel uncomfortable. In western countries, no matter how intimate their friendship is, they should make an appointment in advance, and they should have their own private spac

42、e.Case 2：Linhua has accompanied an American delegation to visit China.They have experienced the hospitality of the Chinese people. After returning to America, Linhua once visited them.They were so glad to meet again. Linhua offered to host the meal, but they refused. They ordered their own dish, and

43、 Linhua ordered her own. When footing the bill, they only paid their part, and no one wanted to pay for Linhua.Linhua found them so inhospitable, though she knew the . Analysis:In China, people usually invite gueststo have a meal at home to express their hospitality, and even have a meal outside, th

44、ey also always pay the overall bills. However, in America, they always pay the bill for themselves when they have a meal outside to express the equality.Case 2:One cold winter day in a Chinese city, Wang Lin on his way to the library met an American professor who knew very little about China.After g

45、reeting him,Wang said:“It s rather cold.You d better put on more clothes”. But the professor didn t appear happy on hearing this.Analysis:Americans and most western countrie speople dislike to be told how to do the things. They intend to be independent. However, in China, people are accustomed to care about others. In this case, Wang lins suggestion ex