高中英语必修三unit4-主语从句说课材料

1、高中英语必修三Unit4-主语从句 名词性从句名词性从句 noun clause 主语从句主语从句subject clause 宾语从句宾语从句object clauseobject clause表语从句表语从句predicative clausepredicative clause 同位语从句同位语从句appositive clauseappositive clause名词性从句中的名词性从句中的连接词连接词连词连词: that / whether / as if (though);连接代词连接代词: what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoeve

2、r / whomever / whichever，连接副词连接副词: where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever判断下列划线句子是哪种名词性从句。判断下列划线句子是哪种名词性从句。1.I dont know whether he will come or not.2.The question is whether he will come or not.3.Whether he will come or not is unknown.3.Whether he will come or not is unknown.1.I dont know w

3、hether he will come or not.2.The question is whether he will come or not.宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句 主语从句主语从句 主语从句主语从句 Subject ClauseWhich part serves as subject in each sentence? 1. You are a student.2. Smoking is bad for you.3. To find your way can be a problem. 4. “How do you do?” is a greeting.5 .What she

4、said is not yet known.6. That we shall be late is certain.7. It is certain that we shall be late. “How do you do?” is a greeting. What she said is not yet known. That we shall be late is certain. It is certain that we shall be late. （句子充当主语，所以称为主语从句）（句子充当主语，所以称为主语从句）Step 2Step 2、主语从句概念定义：、主语从句概念定义：

5、充当主语的名词性从句，因其在复合充当主语的名词性从句，因其在复合句中做主语，又称主语从句。句中做主语，又称主语从句。 先找出谓语，主语在第二个谓语前面先找出谓语，主语在第二个谓语前面 1.引导词：引导词： 从属连词从属连词 that, whether； 连接代词连接代词 who, what, which； whoever, whatever, whichever; 连接副词连接副词 when, where, how和和why。 2. 语序：语序：陈述句语序陈述句语序主语从句的特点：主语从句的特点：1) 从属连词从属连词that和和whether： That he will come is ce

6、rtain. Whether he will come is uncertain.thatthat是否是否引导词引导词2) 连接代词连接代词who, what, which（做成分）（做成分）1. makes no difference. 谁去没什么不同。（主语）谁去没什么不同。（主语） is more time.（我们（我们所需要的是更多的时间。）（宾语）所需要的是更多的时间。）（宾语）3. hasnt been decided. （定语）（定语） 我应买哪一本书还没有决定。我应买哪一本书还没有决定。Who will goWhat we needWhich book I should buy

7、引导词引导词 3)连接代词连接代词whoever（无论谁）（无论谁）, whatever, （无论什么）（无论什么）whichever（无论哪一个）（无论哪一个）1. comes is welcome.2. I have is yours. 3. you want is yours. whatever=anything that whoever=anyone whoWhoeverWhateverWhicheverWhatever and whoeverWhatever anything thatWhoever anyone who不管是谁犯了法，他都应该受到惩罚。不管是谁犯了法，他都应该受到惩

8、罚。Whoever breaks the law should be punished。Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.4) 连接副词连接副词when, where, how ,why 1. （我们什么时候离开）（我们什么时候离开）hasnt been decided. 2. (他怎么到那的）他怎么到那的） is a secret. 3. (他为什么哭）他为什么哭）is not clear. 4. （会议将在哪里举行）（会议将在哪里举行） will be held is not known. When we will leaveHow

9、he got thereWhere the meetingWhy he criedComplete the sentences using what, whether, where, when， who, why, how or that.1.(_ is needed for success) is your hard work.3.(_ we will go tomorrow )hasnt been decided yet.2.(_ they will arrive )has been told to the teacher.4.(_ can join in the sport meet)

10、is decided by the teacher.5.(_ it will rain or not) is not clear.WhatWhen/HowWhere/wh etherWhoWhether主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。般用单数形式。Conclusion:Step3.Step3.思考思考That he will pass the exam is certain.It is certain that he will pass the exam. 注解：一般来说主语从句都是放在注解：一般来说主语从句都是放在 ,但有时为了使句子但有时为了使句子 ,

11、避免避免”头重脚轻头重脚轻”,常用常用 作作 ，从而把主语从句放在，从而把主语从句放在 句首句首保持平衡保持平衡 it 形式主语形式主语后面后面主语从句一直位于句首的位置吗？主语从句一直位于句首的位置吗？他一定会通过考试的他一定会通过考试的.这样就构成了下面一些常用句型这样就构成了下面一些常用句型: 1) It is + n. +that It is a pity/shame that. 可惜的是可惜的是 It is a surprise that 令人吃惊的是令人吃惊的是 It is a fact that 事实是事实是 It is common knowledge that 是常识是常识

12、*_(很可惜很可惜)we lost the match.*_(这是事实这是事实)he cheated in the exam.It is a pity thatIt is a fact that2) It is + adj. +that Its certain that 肯定肯定 It is possible/likely that. 很可能很可能 It is obvious/clear that 很明显很明显 It is true that的确的确 It is necessary important natural. that*_(很可能很可能)she will come back tomo

13、rrow.*_(很明显很明显) he is an English.It is possible thatIt is obvious that+(should) +do3) It +不及物动词不及物动词+that It happened that. 碰巧碰巧 It occurred to me that我突然想起我突然想起 It appears/seems that 似乎，好像似乎，好像 It turned out that 原来原来*_(刚好刚好)I was out yesterday.*_(我突然想起我突然想起)I forgot to sent the letter.It happened

14、thatIt occurred to me that4) It + be +过去分词过去分词+从句从句 It is said that. 据说据说 It is known to all that. 众所周知众所周知 It is reported that. 据报道据报道 It is believed that. 据相信据相信 ;人们相信人们相信 It is suggested that + (should）do. 建议建议*_(据报道据报道)20 people were killed in the accident. *_(建议建议)we should eat more vegetable a

15、nd do more exercise.It is reported thatIt is suggested that小结：小结：主语从句的规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结规律找出下列句子中的错误，并总结规律例1.When will he come is not known.规律一、规律一、主语从句一律用陈述语序，主语从句一律用陈述语序， 即主语在前，谓语在后。即主语在前，谓语在后。正：When he will come is not known.主语从句的规律：主语从句的规律：例2. He will not come to the meeting this evening is true.

16、正：That he will not come to the meeting this evening is true.规律二、规律二、连词that 在从句中无实际意义， 但不能省略。主语从句的规律：主语从句的规律：例3. If the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.正： Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.规律三、规律三、whether 可以引导主语从句，可以引导主语从句， 放在句首，但放在句首，但if不能不能主语从句的规律：主语从句的规律

17、： 例4. That whether he will help others is a fact.正：That he will help others is a fact.规律四、规律四、主语从句中的连词不能重叠使用。主语从句中的连词不能重叠使用。主语从句的规律：主语从句的规律：例5. When he will come are a puzzle.正：When he will come is a puzzle.规律五、规律五、含主语从句的主句谓语动词多用含主语从句的主句谓语动词多用 单数第三人称形式。单数第三人称形式。主语从句的规律：主语从句的规律：1. What he needs is th

18、at book.2. What he needs are some books.规律六、规律六、what 引导的主语从句，可根据引导的主语从句，可根据 表语决定主句动词的单复数形式表语决定主句动词的单复数形式。规律七、规律七、主语从句为了避免头重脚轻现象，主语从句为了避免头重脚轻现象，用用 it 做做形式主语，形式主语，而把从句放在后面而把从句放在后面。 That the earth turns around the sun is known to all. It is known to all that the earth turns around the sun. he became a

19、great scientist is known to us all.Is what you told me really true?谓语动词多用谓语动词多用单数单数从句用陈述语从句用陈述语序序不能省略关联词不能省略关联词How在主语从句中，谓语一般用单数。在主语从句中，谓语一般用单数。1 1、无论他说什么都不重要。、无论他说什么都不重要。Whatever he says is of no importance.2 2、无论谁说这话都不对。、无论谁说这话都不对。 Whoever says this is wrong 但谓语动词用单数还是复数，不可一概而论，但谓语动词用单数还是复数，不可一概而论

20、，而要视句子的意义而定。而要视句子的意义而定。 What I need is money. What I need are books.注意事项注意事项1.主语从句位于句首时必须由连接词引导。2.主语从句位于句末时引导词that可省略。3.主语从句位于句首时,不能用if引导。4.主语从句位于句末时, 可以用if引导。找出错误，并给出理由：1.Where shall we spend the holiday isnt decided. 2.You have made a mistake is a fact. 3. If the policeman will come is not certain

21、.4. That is certain that we can win. we shallWhetherItThat you have5. It is ordered we should leave at once.6. Where he comes from are a mystery.7. What whether he likes the job is not clear.8. Who he is and where he is from is important. 9.What he saw is the stars in the sky.thatisxareare注意注意:1）主语从

22、句在句首时，必须由连接词引）主语从句在句首时，必须由连接词引导，不能省略这些连接词；但是如果用导，不能省略这些连接词；但是如果用it做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，从属连词从属连词that可以省略。可以省略。误：误：They should like each other is natural.正：正：That they should like each other is natural.正：正：It is natural (that) they should like each other.2) 如果主语从句放在句首，不能用如果主语从句放在句首，不能用i

23、f引导，引导，但是如果用但是如果用it 做形式主语，而把主语从句做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，也可以用放在句末时，也可以用if引导，引导，或把或把if 改为改为whether 误：误：If Mary really heard him is really doubtful.正：正：It was doubtful if Mary really heard him.正正: Whether Mary really heard him is really doubtful. (1) 主语从句中用陈述语序主语从句中用陈述语序 What she is afraid of is their taking

24、 her to Paris. ( What is she afraid of Wrong )(2) 主语从句后谓语动词一般用第三人称单数主语从句后谓语动词一般用第三人称单数 （特殊情况见练习册（特殊情况见练习册P60） That they havent phoned is strange.(3)that引导的主语从句中，引导的主语从句中，that不可被省略不可被省略 That price will go up is certain.4) . 用于用于It is important / natural / necessary / impossible that.句型中句型中, 主语从句应使用虚主

25、语从句应使用虚拟语气拟语气, 谓语动词用谓语动词用“should + 动词原形动词原形”的的形式形式, should有时可以省略。有时可以省略。5) It+be+suggested/advised/ordered/requested/ insisted/required 中中, that从句的谓语也应该从句的谓语也应该用用“should + 动词原形动词原形”的形式的形式, should有时有时可以省略。可以省略。Step4. 1. _ you dont like him is none of my business. （与我无关）（与我无关）2. _ he said at the meeti

26、ng surprised everyone.3. _ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.4. _ well go fishing tomorrow depends on the weather.5. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. ThatWhatWhetherWhetherWhoever1.他是否是我的孩子仍然他是否是我的孩子仍然(remain)是是个问题。个问题。_ remains a question.Whether he

27、 is my child补全句子练习补全句子练习 _is your hairstyle.2.我所最喜欢的是你我所最喜欢的是你的发型的发型(hairstyle)。What I like most 3.我需要的就是休息。我需要的就是休息。_is rest.What I need_ made the teacher angry.4.这个男这个男孩所做的孩所做的事让老师事让老师很生气。很生气。What the boy did_ is attracted by her.5.无论谁无论谁见到这见到这个女孩都会被她个女孩都会被她吸引（吸引（attact）。）。Whoever sees the girl练习练

28、习:用主语从句翻译下列句子。用主语从句翻译下列句子。1. 他偷了一部自行车是真的。他偷了一部自行车是真的。2. 我现在需要的是你的帮助。我现在需要的是你的帮助。3. 他出生在何时还不知道。他出生在何时还不知道。4. 无论谁最后离开房间都应该关门。无论谁最后离开房间都应该关门。答案答案:1. 他偷了一部自行车是真的。他偷了一部自行车是真的。That he stole a bike was true.2. 我现在需要的是你的帮助。我现在需要的是你的帮助。What I need now is your help.3. 他出生在何时还不知道。他出生在何时还不知道。When he was born ha

29、s not been known. 4. 无论谁最后离开房间都应该关门。无论谁最后离开房间都应该关门。Whoever leaves the room last should close the door. the cat domade What the cat did made the baby cry.WhatcryMake a sentence30talk aboutthe use of cell phone What they are talking about is the use of cell phone.Make a sentence30report , get the high

30、est points, match It is reported that Yao Ming got the highest points in the match.Make a sentence30It makes the teacher angry that the child doesnt know the answer.teacher angryDont know the answerMake a sentence30Exercises :1. has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A.Who B.The one

31、C.Anyone D.WhoeverD2.It was he said disappointed me.A.what ;that B.that; that C.what;what D.that;whatA3. well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.WhereB4. he said at the meeting surprised everybody present.A.What B. That C.The fact D.The matterA5. was to return to scho

32、ol.A.That really interested him B.What really interested himC.Which really interested him D.That interest him reallyB6. makes mistakes must correct them.A.What B.That C.Whoever D.WhateverC7. your men have been on my land without permission.A.It seems that B.There seems to be C.That seems D.It seems

33、forA8.It has always puzzled me the old man lied a red silk ribbon on the young tree.A.that B.why C.where D.whatB11._ he made an important speech at the meeting was true. A. That B. Why C. What D. How 12. _well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather . A If B Whether C That D Where 13._ is known t

34、o us all that America is a developed country . A Which B As C What D It 14. Its known to us all _ a form of energy . A. water is B. that water is C.is water D. that water to 15. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. A. whether B. that C. what D. when16.What I say and think _ none of your

35、 business. A. is B. are C. has D have 17 . _makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services. A What B Who C Whatever D Whoever 18. These wild flowers are so special that I would do_ I can to save them. A whatever B that C which D whichever19. _ made the school proud was _ more tha

36、n 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. A. What; because B. What; that C. That; what D. That; because20. _ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader. A. That B. What C. Whether D. Where21. parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children. A. That

37、 B. Which C. What D. As22_ they are most interested in is how they can produce more and better cars. A. That B. What C. What D. That 23_ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where24. _ makes mistakes must correct them.A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever25.

38、_ surprised me most was that such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.A. That B. What C. That D. When CBCB26. _ we go swimming every day _ us a lot of good.A. Ifdo B. Thatdo C. Ifdoes D. Thatdoes 27. It _ Bob drives badly.A. thinks that B. is thought what C. thought that D. is though

39、t that28. Its uncertain(不确定） _ the exhibition will be hold in Shanghai.A. if B. that C. whether D. how29. _ the boy didnt take medicine made his mother angry.A. That B. What C. How D. WhichDCAD30 _ we cant have seems better than that we have.A. What B. Who C. That D. whose31. _ you dont like him is

40、none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether32. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A. If . B. Whether C. That D. Where33. _is going to do the job will be decided by the CEO.A. That B. Why C. How D. WhoCBDA34. _ well finish translating the book depends on the time.A. When B. Why C. What D. That35. _ makes mistakes must correct them.A. Who B.