小学英语知识点汇总

1、1. |a, an的选择|:元音字母开头的单词用an,辅音字母开头的单词用a.2| am , is , are 的选择: 单数用is , 复数用 are.人称be动词IamYou, We, TheyareHe, She, It,某个人(Mike),某个身份(My father)is3|. have , has 的选择：表示某人有某物。主语是第三人称单数时用 has.4. there is, there are的选择:表示某地有某物，某人。单数用there is , 复数用 there are.5. some, any 的选择:肯定句用some,疑问句和否认句用 any.6. 疑问词的选择:wh

2、at 什么who 谁where 哪里whose谁的why 为什么when什么时候which 哪一个how怎样， 如何how old 多大how many 多少how much 多少钱how heavy多重how big 多大how long多长how tall 多高二：形容词比拟级详解当我们需要对事物作出比拟时，需要用到比拟级。比拟级的句子结构 通常是：A + be am , is , are +形容词比拟级 + than 比+ B A 比B更，如：I ' m taller and heavier than you.我比你更高和更重。An elephant is bigger than

3、 a tiger.一只大象比一只老虎更大。形容词的比拟级是在形容词的根底上变化而来的，它的变化规那么是: 一般的直接在词尾加 er ,如 tall - taller , strong - stronger 以e结尾的，直接加r，如fine - finer , 以辅音字母加y结尾的，先改y为i再加er，女口funny - funnier, heavy-heavier 双写最后的字母再加er,如big - bigger, thin - thinner ,hot-hotter注意 比拟的两者应该是互相对应的可比拟的东西。典型错误：My hair is longer than you.我的头发比你更长

4、。比拟的两者是我的头发、你整个人，那么比拟的对象就没有可比 性。应该改为： My hair is Ion ger tha nyours. 或 My hair is Ion gerthan your hair .比拟级专项练习一、从方框中选出适宜的单词完成句子heavy tall long big(1) Howis the Y ellow River?How(4)How(2) Howis Mr Gree n?He' s 175cm.I wear size 18.s 2kg. re your feet?is the fish? It根据答句写出问句 I ' m 160 cm. I

5、' m 12 years old. Amy s hair is 30 cm long.注意：How + 形容词原形。二、根据句意写出所缺的单词(1) I ' m 12 years old.You' re 14.I ' mthan you. A rabbit ' s tail isthan amon key s tail.(3) An elepha nt istha n apig.(4) A lake istha n a sea.三、根据中文完成句子.(1)?我比我的弟弟大三岁.I ' mtha n my brother.？这棵树要比那棵树高.Th

6、istreetha n that one.？你 比他矮四 厘 米 .Youaretha n he.？谁比你重？tha n you？注意：当比拟时出现了差距比方，大了几岁、高了几厘米，重了 多少斤时，应将差距放在比拟级的前面，如：I am 2 years older tha n you.He is 10cm taller tha n me.三：动词过去式详解动词的过去式的构成规那么有：A、规那么动词 一般直接在动词的后面加 ed女口 worked , learned , cleaned , visited 以e结尾的动词直接加 d女口 lived , danced , used 以辅音字母加y结

7、尾的动词要改y为i再加ed 此类动词较少study studied carry carried worry worriedplay、stay 双写最后一个字母此类动词较少如 stoppedE、不规那么动词此类词并无规那么，须熟记小学阶段要记住以下动 词的原形和过去式： sing - sang , eat - ate , see - saw , have - had , do - did , go - went , take - took , buy - bought , get got , read read ,fly flew , am/is was , are were , say sai

8、d , leave left , swim swam , telltold , draw drew , come came , drink drank , hurthurt , feel-felt四：动词现在分词ing形式详解动词的ing形式的构成规那么： 一般的直接在后面加上ing ,女口 doing , going , working ,singing , eat ing 以e结尾的动词，要先去 e再加ing ，如having, writingtak ing 双写最后一个字母的此类动词极少有：running , swimming ,sitt ing , gett ing五、|动词的第三人单

9、数形式1. 规那么变化：直接加s2. 不规那么变化：1以ch,sh, o结尾的加esgoes does watches, washes teaches2以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i加es, triesHe ofte n goes to work on foot.My un cle plays computer games on the weeke nd.六：人称和数数人称单数复数第一人称Iwe第二人称youyou第三人称he, she, itthey七：句型专项归类一、肯定句：是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子，如：I ' ma stude nt.She is a doctor.He wo

10、rks in ahospital.There are four fans in our classroom.He will eatlunch at 12:00.I watched TV yesterday eve ning.二、否认句：含有否认词或表示否认意义词的句子，如：I ' m not a student. She is not isn' t a doctor.He does not doesn ' t work in a hospital.There are not aren' t four fans in our classroom.He will n

11、ot won ' t eat lunch at 12:00.I did not didn ' t wa tch TV yesterday evening.注意 小结：否认句主要是在肯定句的根底上加上了否认词“not 。 1有动词be的句子：可缩写成“ isn ' t，aren ' t ， am not 。2没有动词be的句子：助动词do，does，did力口 not， 可缩写为“ don' t , doesn ' t , didn ' t 。这三个助动词要根据 人称和时态来选择。三、一般疑问句：是指询问事实的句子，此类句子必须用“ yes

12、，或“ no 来答复。m not.如：Are you a student? Yes,I am / No, IIs she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isn' t.Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn' t.Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there aren t.Are you going to buy a comic book toni ght?Yes, I am. / No

13、,No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we aren' t.)Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(won ' t).Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they aren' t.Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didn ' t.注意 小结：一般疑问句是在肯定句的根底上， 把动词be调到首位，其他照写，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。 没

14、有动词be的句子那么要在句首加上一个助动词(do，does，did) 再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择般。一般疑问句有个重要的原那么就是问和答要一致，即怎么问就怎么答。同时注意人称的变化。第一人称要变为第二人称，如：I am listening to music.( 改为否认句)-Are you liste ning to music?(四) 、特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么，不能 “ye

15、s、no来答复。如：What is this? It ' s a computer.What does he do? He s a doctor.Where are you going? I ' m going to Beijing.Mike.Who played football with you yesterday afternoon?Which seas on do you like best?Whe n do you usually get up?Whose skirt is this?It 'Why do you like spri ng best?How a

16、re you? I ' m fine. / IHow did you go to Xinjia ng?Summer.I usually get up at 6:30.s Amy' s.Because I can pla nt trees'm happy.I went to Xinjia ng by train.其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问，如：how many 多少数量， how much 多少钱，howtall 多高，howlong 多长， how big 多大， how heavy多重该知识点已在形容词比拟级中作了讲解。例句： How

17、 many pencils do you have? I have three pencils.How many girls can you see? I can see four girls.How many desks are there in your classroom? There are 51.小结：how many用来提问可数名词的数量，主要有以上三种句式搭配，How many +名词复数+ do you have?你有多少？你能看见多少?How many + 名词复数 + can you see?有多少?5.How many + 名词复数 + are there ?6. E T

18、 V7. E I O8. A U E十一：完全、缩略形式：I'm=Iamhe' s=he isshe' s=sheisthey ' re=theyareyou' re=youarethere ' s=thereisthey ' re二theyarecan' t=cannotdon' t=donotdoesn' t=does notisn ' t=isnotaren' t=arenotlet ' s=letuswon t=willnotI '11=1willwasn' t=wa

19、s not十二:与字母相关的题型注：五个元音字母是AaEeIiOo Uu )二.写出以下字母的左邻右舍1.() Hh () 2.()Bb ()3.()LI ()4.() Rr () 5.()Qq ()6.()ww)三.用小写字母抄写以下单词。1.ROOM()2.UNDER()3.PLEASE(4.PICTURE()5.WHERE()6.TWINS(7.EXCUSE()8.HOW()9.CAKE(1O.SMALL()三.将全是兀-音字母的那一组圈起来1. a c e2. i e o3. v u k4. e u I四.写出与所给单词发音相同的字母大小写I.bee () 2.sea () 3.tea ()4.are 5.why 6.you 十三：其它【说明】 许多序数词是由相应的基数词后加th构成的，女口： four / fourth，six / sixth，ten / ten th， sixtee n / sixtee nth, 但是 nine 变为序数词是 ninth，而不是 nineth。 twentieth, thirt