小学阶段必备的英语语法知识点

1、小学阶段必备的英语语法知识点,时态,句型,常用词大全1 .现在进行时表示正在发生的事情或进行的动作,常与now,listen,look等词连用,结构是主语+be动词(am,is,are)+动词ing.如：Itisrainingnow.外面正在下雨Itissixoclocknow.现在6点了Myparentsarereadingnewspapersinthesittingroom.我父母正在客厅看报纸Look!Thechildrenarehavingarunningracenow.看！孩子们正在赛跑问句将be动词移前,否认句在be动词后+not.2 .一般现在时表示经常反复发生的事情或动作,常与

2、often,usually,sometimes,always,everyday(weekyear)onSundays等词连用.结构是主语+动词原形；当主语为第三人称单数即he,she,it,Tom,mymother,theboy等词时,动词后加s或es.如：WehaveanEnglishlessoneveryday.我们每天都要上英语课Dotheboysrunfasterthanthegirls?Yes,theydo.男孩比女孩跑的快吗是的问句借助于do,does否认句借助于dont,doesnt,后面动词一定要复原.3 .一般过去时表示发生在过去的事情或存在的状态,常与justnow;amo

3、mentago;ago;yesterday;last(week;month;year;Monday;weekend);thismorning等词连用.结构是主语+be动词的过去式(was;were)或主语+动词的过去式.注意：be动词与动词过去式不可同时使用.如：Myearphoneswereonthegroundjustnow.我的耳机刚刚还在呢.Wherewereyoulastweek?Iwasatacamp.你上个星期去哪了我去野营了Whatdidyoudoyesterday?Ivisitedafarm你昨天去干嘛了我去参观农场了.问句有be动词将be动词移前,没有be动词借助于did,

4、后面动词复原；否认句有be动词在后面加not,没有借助于didnt后面动词复原.4 .一般将来时表示将要打算发生的事情或动作,常与tomorrow,nextweek(year;Tuesday),thisweek(weekend;evening;afternoon;)today等词连用.结构是主语+be(am,is,are)goingto+动原或主语+will+动原.如：Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?Iamgoingtohaveapicnic.你明天要去干嘛我要去野餐.Thechildrearegoingtohaveasportsmeetingnextweek.孩子们下

5、个星期将参加运动会.Tomwill/isgoingtoseeaplaywithhisfatherthisevening.Tom今晚将和父母去看演出问句将be动词或will移前；否认句在be动词或will后加not.5 .情态动词can;cant;should;shouldnt;must;may后定力口动词原形.q如：Thegirlcantswim,butshecanskate.女孩不会游泳,但是会滑冰Donttalkinclass,youshouldlistentotheteachercarefully.不要再课上说话,你应该认真听老师讲.6 .祈使句肯定祈使句以动词原形开头；否认祈使句以do

6、nt加动词原形开头.如：Opentheboxforme,please.请为我翻开盒子.LiuTao!Pleasegetupearliertomorrow.刘涛,明天请早点起床！Dontwalkonthegrass!不要在草地上走!Helen!Dontclimbthetree,please.海伦！不要爬树.7 .go的用法去干嘛用go+动词ing如：goswimming;gofishing;goskating;gocamping;gorunning;goskiing;gorowing8 .比拟than前用比拟级；asas之间用原级.如：Mymotheristwoyearsyoungerthanm

7、yfather.我妈比我爸年轻两岁.LiuTaojumpsasfarasBen.刘涛跳得和本一样远.9 .喜欢做某事用like+动词ing或like+to+动原.如：SuYanglikesgrowingflowers.苏阳喜欢种花.ThechildrenliketoplaywithlanternsatSpringFestival.孩子们喜欢在春节去玩花灯.10 .想要做某事用wouldlike+to+动原或want+to+动原.History例：IdliketovisittheHistoryMuseum.=IwanttovisittheMuseum11 .some用于肯定句中,在否认句和问句中

8、改为any,但当表示委婉语气时仍用如：CanIhavesomewritingpaper?Wouldyoulikesomeorangejuice?12 .代词人称代词主格做主语用一般放在句首或动词前,主格分别是Iyouhesheitweyouthey.宾格做宾语用,一般放在动词或介词后如：Openthemforme.Letus,joinme等.宾格分别是meyouhimheritusyouthem.形容词性物主代词放在名词前,不能单独使用,分别是myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词相当于形物加名词,它只能单独使用后面不好加名词,分别是mineyourshisher

9、sitsoursyourstheirs.13 .介词介词后要么不加动词,加动词只能加动词ing形式如：begoodatrunning;dowellinjumping;14 .时间介词季节前,月份前用介词in如：insummer；inMarch具体的哪一天如星期几,几月几日用介词on如：onSaturday;onthesecondofApril;onWednesdaymorning在几点钟前用介词at如：ataquartertofour;只在上下午晚上用in如：inthemorning/afternoon/evening;但在夜间用atnight.另：季节,月份和星期前不好加the.15 .名词

10、复数构成的方法有规那么的有：(1)直接在名词后加s如orangeoranges;photophotos;(2)以x,s,sh,ch结尾的加es如：boxboxes;glassglasses;waitresswaitresses;watchwatches;peach-peaches以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es如：studystudies；librarylibraries;hobbyhobbies;familyfamilies;(4)以f,fe结尾的改f,fe为v+es如：knifeknives;thiefthieves(注:以o结尾的我们学过的只有mango力口es,mangomangoe

11、s其余力口s,)不规那么的有：manmen;womanwomen;peoplepeople;childchildren16 .动词第三人称单数的构成(1)直接在动词后加s如：runruns;dancedances以s,sh,ch,o结尾白加es如：dodoes;gogoes;wash-washes;catch-catches以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i力口es如：studystudies;carrycarries;17 .现在分词的构成(1)直接在动词后加ing如：singsinging;skiskiing;双写词尾加ing如：swimswimming;jogjogging;run以不发音的e

12、结尾的去e加ing如：rideriding;dancedancing;make18 .规那么动词过去式的构成(1)直接在动词后加ed如：cleancleaned;milkmilked;play(2)以e结尾的直接加drunning;making;played;如：dancedanced;tastetasted;(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加ed如：studystudied;carrycarried;(4)双写词尾加ed如：stopstopped;jogjogged;had;gorunran;不规贝有：am,iswas;arewere;do,doesdid;have,haswent;mee

13、tmet;sitsat;seesaw;getgot;telltold;comecame;stealstole;readread;19 .形容词副词比拟级的构成规那么的：(1)直接在形容词或副词后加er如；smallsmaller;lowlower;以e结尾白加r如：latelarer;双写词尾加er如：bigbigger;thinthinner;fatfatter;(4)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加er如：heavy-heavier;early-earlier;不规那么的有：good,wellbetter(最高级为best);many,much-more(最高级为most);far-fart

14、her;20 .rain与snow的用法(1)作为名词意思是雨水和雪是不可数名词如：Thereisalotofrainthereinspring.那儿的春天有很多雨水.(2)作为动词意思是下雨和下雪,有四种形式分别是：动词原形rain,snow；第三人称单数rains,snows;现在分词raining；snowing过去式rained；snowed;如：Look!Itisrainingnow.瞧！天正在下雨. ItoftenrainsinNantonginsummer.南通夏天经常下雨. Itrainedyesterday.昨天下了雨.明天要下雨 Itisgoingtoraintomorro

15、w.形容词为rainy和snowy意思是有雨的和有雪的如：Itisoftenrainyhereinspring.这儿的春天经常是有雨的.Ifitisrainytomorrow,Illstayathome.如果明天是有雨的,我将呆在家里.21 .比拟级注意只有同类事物才可进行比拟.如：Myeyesarebiggerthanhers.Yourschoolbagisheavierthanmine.MycomputerisnicerthanNancys.Mybrotherisstrongerthanme.22 .have,has表示某人有has用于第三人称单数；Thereis/are;Therewas

16、/were表示某地存在有注意Therebe句型的就近原那么单数或不可数用thereis/was;复数用thereare/were.眼镜glasses;耳机earphones;鞋shoes;裤子trousers等词本身是复数.如：Myglasseswereonthechairjustnow.但如果表示这双,这副,一双的时候用单数如：Thereisapairofchopsticksontheplate.Thispairofearphonesisforyou.24 .五个元音字母分别是Aa,Ee,Ii,Oo,Uu25 .一个的用法a用于辅音前不是辅音字母前；an用于元音前不是元音字母前.,and如：

17、Thereisans,at,au,ad,ane,annatinthewordstudent.26 .时间表不法有两种：(1)直接读时钟和分钟.如6:10读成sixten;7:30读成seventhirty;8:45读成eightforty-five;用to与past表示.在半小时包括半小时以内用几分past几点如：6:10读成tenpastsix;7:30读成halfpastseven;过了半小时用下一个钟点差几分如7:45读成aquartertoeight;9:50读成tentoten;27 .基数词变序数词的方法基变序有规律,结尾加上th;一二三特殊例,结尾字母t、d(即first,sec

18、ond,third);八去t,九去e,ve要用f替(即eigheighth;nineninth;fivefifth;twelvetwelfth)；ty改y为ie后加th别忘记(即整十数如twentytwentieth；fortyfortieth);几十几十位为基个位为序(如第二H一为twenty-first).另外强调序数词前一定要加the.28 .日期的表示法用the+序数词+of+月如：三月三日thethirdofMarch;12月25日the25thofDecember.29 .both表示两者都如：Myparentsarebothteachers.all表示三者以上都如：Thestud

19、entsareallveryexcited.30 .节日的表示法有day的节日前用on.没有day的节日前用at,如：atChristmas;onChristmasDay;atNewYear;onNewYearsDay.31 .冲动兴奋的excited表示冲动的,兴奋地主语是人；exciting表示令人冲动的,令人兴奋的主语是事情如：Therunningraceisveryexciting,soallthestudentsareveryexcited.赛跑非常令人冲动,因此所有的学生都很冲动.32 .比拟两者比拟用比拟级,三者以上比拟用最高级如：Whorunsfaster,theboyorthegirl?Theboydoes谁跑得更快,男孩还是女孩男孩Whichseasondoyoulikebest?Ilikeautumnbest.你最喜欢哪个季节我最喜欢秋天.Whichseasondoyoulikebetter,summerorwinter?Ilikewinterbetter.你更喜欢哪个季节,夏天还是