小学英语名词专题讲解

1、名词一、找出以下笑话中的可数名词Inthemarket,abuyeraskedaseller“Howmuchisthiscat,please?“100dollars.“Butyouonlyaskedfor20dollarsyesterday!“Yes,that'strue.Butthiscatateabirdlastnightandthebirdwasworth80dollars!二、可数名词和不可数名词.1可数名词：一般来说个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词.可数名词有单数和复数两种形式.例如：abook,twobooks,astudent,threestudents,

2、afamily,manyfamilies.名词单数变复数变化如下：1 .词尾直接加s,如：catcatsbagday2 .以s,sh,ch,x结尾的词加es,如：class,match,box-,dish3 .以辅音加y结尾的词变y为i,加es.元音加y结尾的词直接加s,如:party-city-story-boy-monkeykey-等.4 .以f或fe结尾的词,变f或fe为v,加es,如：wife-wiveshalf-halves注意特殊情况直接加“s,要逐个记chiefs,handkerchiefs,roofs.5 .以辅音力口o结尾的词常力口es,如：tomatoes,potatoes

3、,heroes.元音加o结尾直接加s.如:radios,zoos.特殊情况：photos6 .名词单数变复数特殊变化也要逐个记得如:man-men,woman-women,tooth-teeth,goose-geese,foot-feet,child-children,mouse-mice2不可数名词不可数名词不能用数字计算包括物质名词air,water等及抽象名词advice,hate等.所以它通常只有单数形式.如：English,air,water,cotton,work不可数名词表示数量时,可以用量词来表达量词有复数形式其结构是数词+量词+of+名词.如：abottleofwater,t

4、wocupsoftea,threepiecesofpaper考前须知：1 .不可数名词没有复数变化,不能用a,an,但可用the,或不用冠词,如:breadistheusualbreakfast.2 .虽然不可数名词没有复数变化,但量词超过一时要加复数.如：threecupsofcoffee,fivebottlesofwater3 .有量词修饰时注意名词是否可数,不可数时用单数,可数时用复数,如：tenbagsofrice-tenbasketsofeggs稳固练习1、找出不可数名词,在横线上打勾,并将可数名词变成复数形式：homeworkhalfadvicemoneyknowledgeboot

5、bloodmusicchickenheatmouthbreadinformationmilkcowtear2、写出卜列名词的复数形式watchtoyclassboxtaxzoomatchfoxbrushdifficultybusprayladymonkeyfamilymanchildheropotatoroofhalffactoryenemytomatofishsheepmousefootwomantooth名词所有格-、表示有生命物的名词的所有格babyglasscityphotochiefliveradiogoosedeer1.单数名词词尾加s,复数名词如果词尾没有s,也要加'st

6、heboy'sbag男孩的书包Mike'sknife迈克的刀子thechildren'sroom孩子们的房间men'sroom男厕所2 .假设名词已有复数词尾s,只加thestudents'bags学生们的书包theteachers'reading-room教师阅览3 .表示几个人共有一样东西,只需在最后一个人的名字后加's.如表示各自所有,那么需在各个名字后加's.如：ThisisTomandJason'sroom.这是汤姆和杰森共有的房间.TheseareTom'sandJason'srooms.这些是

7、汤姆和杰森各自的房间.二、.表示无生命物的名词所有格1、如果名词是无生命的,我们就要用名词+of+名词的结构来表示所有关系.thewindowsofthehouse房间的窗户thetitleofthesong歌的名字thepictureofthefamily家庭照片2、在表示名词所有格时,'s结构可以转换成of结构thegirl'snamethenameofthegirl女孩的名字myfather'sfriendfthefriendofmyfather's我父亲的朋友3、有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的东西的名词,也可以加's来构成所有格.Bei

8、jing'sstreet北京的街道today'snewspaper今天的报纸tenminutes'walk十分钟的路程.aboyababymen.JohnandMary两人共有的稳固练习写出以下名名词和词组的所有格1.asister23.today45.acamel67.birds89.JohnandMary两人各自所有的课堂作业一.按要求填入单词的适当形式1. Twoliveinthisbuilding.(family)2. Lookatthose.(child)3. Icanseeastandingnearthedoor.(policeman)4. Thereare

9、someonthetable.(glass)5. Wouldyoulikesome?(bread)6. Ihavetwo.(sister)二.选用以下正确的单词或词组,在正确的选项上打,1. Doyoudrinkmuch(milk,milks)?2. Ivisited(Tom,Tom's)houseyesterday.3. Hehadtwo(cup,cups)oftea.4. Thisis(TomandMary's,Tom'sandMary's)house.5. Givemea(pieceof,x)paper,please.6. Idon'twant(a

10、,an)oldcap.7. Lookatthose(sheep,sheeps).8. Howmany(radioes,radios)canyousee?9. Thereare36(boys,boies)inmyclass.10. Thatbagismy(father's,father'sbag.)三.用's/s'替换以下词组1.thelegoftheboy23.thetailofthecat45.thetoysoftheboy67. theservantsofthequeen89. theviolinofthegirl10. thepenofJohnthekey

11、ofthegirl.thefriendofmyfather'sthesongsofthebirds.theshirtsofthemen课后作业一、单项选择.()1.Teachers'DayisSeptember10th.A.atC.onD.for()2.Sheplayingtabletennis.Theyplayingbasketball.A.like,likesB.likes,likesC.likes,likeD.like,like()3.MrsWhiteworriedaboutHelen?A.DoesB.DoC.AreD.Isschools,()4.Weareinthesa

12、me,butindifferent.A.school,classesB.school,classC.schools,classesD.class()5.-wateristhereinthecup?-Onlyalittle.A.HowmanyB.HowoftenC.HowlongD.Howmuch()6.-shetotheseanextsummer?-Yes,sheis.A.Is,goingB.Does,goesC.Do,goD.are,going()7.Theresomewaterandsomeapplesinthefridge.A.haveB.hasC.isD.are()8.Whichdoy

13、oulike,Chinese,MathsorEnglish?A.bestB.betterC.goodD.well()9.Howmanyarethereonthefarm?A.dearB.deerC.deersD.dears()10.-What'sthreeeighthsandahalf?-It's.A.threeeighthsB.sevenhalfC.seveneighthsD.threehalf二、阅读理解.(A)Peoplearebusyworkingeveryday.Theydonothaveenoughtimetodoexercise.Somanypeoplebecom

14、etoofatortoothin.Weneedtodoexercisetokeepfit.Therearemanykindsofexercise.Bendingandstretchinghelpsusmoveeasily.Beforeweplayballgamesorswim,weshalldobendingandstretchingexercisefirst.Thiskindofexerciseissometimescalledwarm-upexercise.Runningisalsogoodexercise.Ifwecannotrunfast,wecanjog.Joggingmeansru

15、nningslowly.Again,beforewerunorjog,wemustdosomewarm-upexercise.Also,weshouldnotrunorjoginbusystreets.Itisnotsafeandtheairthereisoftendirty.()1.makesmanypeopletoofatortoothin.A.EatingtoomuchB.DrinkingtoomuchC.HavingnotimetodoexerciseD.Doingtoomuchexercise()2.Beforeweplayballgames,wemustfirst.A.swimB.

16、runC.jogD.dowarm-upexercise()3.Whatdoesjoggingmean?A.Itmeansbendingandstretching.B.Itmeanswarm-upexercise.C.Itmeansrunningfast.D.Itmeansrunningslowly.()4.WhichofthefollowingsentencesisRIGHT?A. Peopleshouldn'tbebusyworking.B. Therearenotmanykindsofexercisetokeepfit.C. Joggingmeansrunningquickly.D. Busystreetsarenotgoodplacesforrunning.()5.W