液压与气压传动课程设计说明书

1、egae* staff: Hel! in theruuptotheSpriIgFe-， he done sen of fu sf r.lsen“ - Ccnfee- 203workso,fulbac.20” caeul a naysi s of the -let si uaton, d scuss 203 iev_pmet pansHee,onbehalofmycmpay203workre10rtst ote GenlAssembl y for cnsi-at.n.P I 202 back i n 202, XX po-we cmpaniesadeetot he pays 1 great si

2、i for gudance,cmpre hesvey impeme nt the scetic concept of d - l o.et , prmoti ng cosea deSi straegy, sa.s, focus on m <emen“n, .maag-et, coni nuousy m prove, ooth iree I t of enteprsema， ametji nes ma nagement a nd cntolsce nt*L ad ndaoe- a I d the de dcaton of sf, manage a hamoniousanddemotc am

3、osphee of leegoodslion.Mat.d- os are as fl . the batey id-to. powe ge neat t otaed "85 billon kW,b.ondtheannualb_gl implementatoncaaCyof35milonkW,an.ceaseof77mHonkW.Saestot- -.45 b*bn kW, dig saes of 330m"nk Wthe a nnua Exeutve bbdget anicra-of"9 mil on IW. S euriy meaues uplannedoutg

4、es25tme.Nopesonaijuyacientocculd,nomajoraccidentaIdabo<e, no mjr fie icc dets wihout envi onmeta poluin - Ude nt* re cnseutve ,as to maitai >ta I lty to good posue>usinssInaIUaidiatos：totalprlsof 25 mlin Yua n, . ond the anna l budget of 20- mlionYuan,beyondtheDaangcompany i nddx 4。！ mlin l

5、a n, a i ncra se of 1.1 mil on Yuan, FM ase -men' a ggrde furEnegypoweluppy sandadcacompleiIg32* g /kW, ddw 01 g kW； ,e. d ala，powe cnspt I natii I 1.12%, down 0.6%；pollutantons pefmanceggeayrrdu d cmpard t o las .“on 00-g kW, lul u dixi de 004 g/k W NOx 052 g kW； .s emo ekiecy of moe tha998%.Re

6、-bHyinex iquvt avalabiiytri n 0-7%, icese d "*% foma yar ea .Equivaetfrccdoutage ate 08%, 06% eductionovethese | eid a yerea .Majracieementsfrstshoudmhee t tetw manng-etsystm"bbss,sengteningechnologicarrseach,sengtenhidden ha zads cntr I l and itiscs yEner-ecnntrrctintoknnwstesThetwo-maage

7、mentsstm-formprovlmetFocusonpromotingtepoweofthe cmpay managgmetsystmadteapplicatonadmpenatonofthesaeyloopfvesta mang-eI t sstm, impr'e t he saeymanaemet ly m, eaizthesstmofsaeycntol.Futeeguaesecuiyroutnis, iafey iupevison a nd manng-e ntetwork rol etop m t a cieve clsd lop. Ste I gte ning the l

8、upevs on a nd mang-etof ha biuavi olaton of, sengte ning t he - feysuevis onofousuc ng cntrc ors Caare d out i spring a nd a uumn ofseuryinspct ons, food contol a id inspecton, saey pr odudn mont h, ddy lupevi son of plducton -feyad tIeOpicme s ad ote乐孙*4大学NORTHEAST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY液压与气压传动课程设计说明书

9、学 院：机电工程学院设计题目：齿轮内孔键槽的简易插床液压系统设计专业班级：机械电子工程2009级1班学 生：2011年12月ea .Majracieements is, shoudIdhee t tetw manngetsystm"bbss,se ngte ning e chnologi carrsea ch, sengte n hidden ha zads cntr I l and itiscsaeyEner-ecnstucton tok nnwstes The tw o -maagement sstm- for .prov-etFocus on pr omoting te pow

10、 e of the cmpay managgmet systm ad te applicato n and mpllme naton of the saey loop fvesta mangeI t ss,mpr<et he saeymanaemetly m, eaiz the sstm ofsaey cntol. Fute eguaese cuity routnes saeyiupenison a nd mannge nt network rol e tp m t a cieve clsd loop. Se I gtening thelupevson a nd mangetof ha

11、biuavi olaton of, sengte ning thelafeysupevsi onofousuc ng cntrc ors Caare d out i spring a nd a uumn ofseuryinspct ons, food contol a id inspecton, saey prooucin mont h, dyiupenison of pl_ctonlafeyad teOympc Gmes ad oteegae* staff: Hel! in the ru up to t he Spri I g Fe -， hedone sen of fu sf r.lsen

12、“ - Ccnfee- 203workso, ful ba c .20” caeul a naysi s of the -let si uaton, d scuss 203 iev_pmet pansHee, on be hal of my cmpay 203 work re10rtst ote GenlAssembl y for cnsi-at.n.P I 202 back i n 202, XX po-we cmpanies adee to t he pays 1 great sii for gudance, cmpre hesvey impeme nt the scetic concep

13、t of d - l o.et , prmoti ng cosea deSi straegy, sa.s, focus on m<emen“n, .maag-et, coni nuousy m prove, ooth iree I t of enteprse ma，ametjines ma nagement a nd cntrol sce nt*L ad ndaoe- a I d the de dcaton of sf, manage a hamonious and dem otc amosphee of leegood sl i on. M at.d- os are as fl .th

14、e batey id-to. powe ge neat tot 785 biin IW_, b.ond the annual b_gl implementaton caa Cy of 35 mil on k W, a n .cease of 77 mHon IW.Saes tot- -.45 b*bn IW, digsaes of 330ml0n k Wthe a nnua Exeutive budget, an icra - o，"9mil on kW. S euriy meaues uplanned outge s 25 tbe.No pesona ijuy acient occ

15、uld,no major a cci dent a I d abo<e,no maorfielccdet s wihout envi onmeta poluin - Ude re cnseutveleasto maitai>taI lty to good pos ureFusiiss InaI U a idiatos： total prls of 25 mlin Yua n,.ond the anna l budget of 207 mlion Yuan, beyond the Daa ng company i nddx4。！ mlin la n, ai ncra se of1.1

16、 milon Yuan, FM ase-men' a ggrdefurEnegy poweluppy sandadca complei I g 32* g /kW, ddw 01 gkW； fteggited ala，powe cnspt I natii I 1.12%, down 0.6%；pollutant onspefmance gg yrrdu d c ompard t o las .“on 00-gIW.lulu dixi de 004g/k W NOx 0512 g kW；.semo ekiecy of moe tha 91*.Rela biiyinexiquvaleta

17、labiiy trin 0-7%, icese d”% fom a yarea - .E - letfr outage ate 010%, 06% eduction ove tese | eid a yer目录1 .工况分析与计算 -2-1.1 基本结构与动作顺序 -2-1.2 主要性能参数 -2-1.3 负载分析 -2-2 .液压系统图的拟定 -3-2.1 确定液压泵类型及调速方式 -3-2.2 选用执行元件 -3-2.3 快速运动回路和速度换接回路 -3-2.4 换向回路的选择 -3-2.5 组成液压系统绘原理图 -3-3 .液压元件的计算与选择 -3-3.1 液压阀及过滤器的选择 -3-

18、3.2 油管的选择 -4-3.3 油箱容积的确定 -4-4 .液压缸/集成块/邮箱的结构设计 -4-4.1 液压系统的参数计算 -4-4.2 液压泵的参数计算 7-4.3 电动机的选择 -7-4.4 压力损失的验算及泵压力的调整 -8-4.5 液压系统的发热和温升验算 -10-5 .设计总结 -11-参考文献 -11-egae* staff: Hel! in theruuptotheSpriIgFe-， he done sen of fu sf r.lsen“ - Ccnfee- 203workso,fulbac .20” caeul a naysi s of the -let si uato

19、n, d scuss 203 iev_pmet pansHee,onbehalofmycmpay203 work re10rtst ote GenlAssembl y for cnsi-at.n.P I 202 back i n 202, XX po-we cmpaniesadeetothepays1great sii for gudance,cmpre hesvey impeme nt the scetic concept of d - l o.et , prmoti ng cosea deSi straegy, sa.s, focus on m <emen“n, .maag-et,

20、coni nuousy m prove, ooth iree I tofenteprse ma， ametji nes ma nagement a nd cntrol sce nt*L ad ndaoe- a I d the de dcaton of sf, manage a hamonious and dem otc amosphee of leegoodslion.Mat.d- os are as fl . the batey id-to. powe ge neat t ot 785 biin IW_, b.ondtheannualb_gl implementatoncaaCyof35mi

21、lonkW, a n .cease of 77 mHonIW.Saestot- -.45 b*bn IW, dig saes of 330ml0n k Wthe a nnua Exeutive budget, anicra-o，"9mil on kW. S euriy meaues uplannedoutges25tbe.No pesona ijuy acient occuld,nomajor a cci dent a I d a bo<e, no maorfielcc det s wihout envi onmeta poluin 一 re cnseutve leasto m

22、aitai >ta I lty to good pos ureFusiiss Ina I U a idiatos： total prls of 25 mlin Yua n, . ond the anna l budget of 207 mlionYua n, bey ond the Daa ng company i nddx4。！ mlin la n, ai ncra se of 1.1 mil on Yuan, FM ase -men' a ggrdefurEnegypoweluppy sandadcacompleiIg32* g /kW, ddw 01 g kW； ftegg

23、ited ala，powe cnspt I natii I 1.12%, down 0.6%；pollutant onspefmanceggyrrdu d cmpard t o las .“on 00-g IW.lul u dixi de 004g/k W NOx 0512 g kW； .s emo ekiecy of moe tha 91*.Rela biiyinex iquvaleta labiiytri n 0-7%, icese d ”% fom a yarea - .E-letfr outage ate 010%, 06% eductionovetese | eid a yerea

24、.Majracieementsis,shoud idhee t tetw manngetsystm"bbss,sengte ning e chnologi carrsea ch, sengte n hidden ha zads cntr I l and itiscs yEner-ecnstucton tok nnwstes The tw o -maagement sstm- for .prov-etFocus on pr omoting te pow e of the cmpay managgmetsystmadteapplicaton and mpllme naton of the

25、 saey loop fvesta mangeI t ss,mpr<e t he saeymanaemet ly m, eaiz the sstm ofsaey cntol. Fute eguaesecuityroutnessaey iupenisonand mannge ntetwork rol etop m t a cieve clsd loop. Se I gte ning the lupevs on a nd mangetof ha biuavi olaton of, sengte ning t helafeysuevis onofousuc ng cntac ors Caare

26、 d out i spring a nd a uumn ofseuryinspct ons, food contol a id inspecton, saey pr odudn mont h, dy iupeni son of plducton lafeyad teOympc Gmes ad ote1工况分析与计算1.1 基本结构与动作顺序齿轮内孔键槽插床主要有工作台、床身、手动夹紧，插刀等组成，加工对象为待加工的齿轮，能 实现加工齿轮内孔键槽的功能。工作循环如下：工件夹紧到工作台插刀启动T 快进T 停止T插刀启动T快退，至此循环工作，直至加工出要求的齿轮内孔键槽。1.2 主要性能参数(1)轴

27、向切削力Ft=22000N;(2)插头质量G=500N ;(3)加减速时间?t=0.2s；(4)插刀行程与工件厚度与插刀初始位置与工件距离有关，快进与快退速度均为13m/min；(6)插刀要求运动平稳，但可以随时停止运动。1.3 负载分析负载分析中，暂不考虑回油腔的背压力，液压缸的密封装置产生的摩擦阻力在机械效率中加以考虑。因工作部件是卧式放置，插刀下行受重力和摩擦阻力，切削时受切削力和重力v一而惯性力Fm -m =50 1 =50Nm : t如果忽略切削力引起的颠覆力矩对导轨摩擦力的影响，并设液压缸的机械效率11m =0.9,则液压缸在各工作阶段的总机械负载可以算出，见表一。表一液压缸各运动

28、阶段负载表运动阶段计算公式总机械负载F/N启动加速F=(Fm-G)/”-500快进F=-G/nm-555.6切削F=(Fe-G)/”m22777.8快退启动F=(G+ Fm)/nm611.1快退F=G/1tlm555.62液压系统图的拟定2.1 确定液压泵类型及调速方式参考同类组合机床，选用双作用叶片泵双泵供油、调速阀进油节流调速的开式回路，溢流阀作定 压阀。ea .Majracieements is, shoudIdhee t tetw manngetsystm"bbss,se ngte ning e chnologi carrsea ch, sengte n hidden ha

29、zads cntr I l and itiscsaeyEner-ecnstucton tok nnwstes The tw o -maagement sstm- for .prov-etFocus on pr omoting te pow e of the cmpay managgmet systm ad te applicato n and mpllme naton of the saey loop fvesta mangeI t ss,mpr<et he saeymanaemetly m, eaiz the sstm ofsaey cntol. Fute eguaese cuity

30、routnes saeyiupenison a nd mannge nt network rol e tp m t a cieve clsd loop. Se I gtening thelupevson a nd mangetof ha biuavi olaton of, sengte ning thelafeysupevsi onofousuc ng cntrc ors Caare d out i spring a nd a uumn ofseuryinspct ons, food contol a id inspecton, saey prooucin mont h, dyiupeniso

31、n of pl_ctonlafeyad teOympc Gmes ad oteegae* staff: Hel! in the ru up to t he Spri I g Fe -， hedone sen of fu sf r.lsen“ - Ccnfee- 203workso, ful ba c .20” caeul a naysi s of the -let si uaton, d scuss 203 iev_pmet pansHee, on be hal of my cmpay 203 work re10rtst ote GenlAssembl y for cnsi-at.n.P I

32、202 back i n 202, XX po-we cmpanies adee to t he pays 1 great sii for gudance, cmpre hesvey impeme nt the scetic concept of d - l o.et , prmoti ng cosea deSi straegy, sa.s, focus on m<emen“n, .maag-et, coni nuousy m prove, ooth iree I t of enteprse ma，ametjines ma nagement a nd cntrol sce nt*L ad

33、 ndaoe- a I d the de dcaton of sf, manage a hamonious and dem otc amosphee of leegood sl i on. M at.d- os are as fl .the batey id-to. powe ge neat tot 785 biin IW_, b.ond the annual b_gl implementaton caa Cy of 35 mil on k W, a n .cease of 77 mHon IW.Saes tot- -.45 b*bn IW, digsaes of 330ml0n k Wthe

34、 a nnua Exeutive budget, an icra - o，"9mil on kW. S euriy meaues uplanned outge s 25 tbe.No pesona ijuy acient occuld,no major a cci dent a I d abo<e,no maorfielccdet s wihout envi onmeta poluin - Ude re cnseutveleasto maitai>taI lty to good pos ureFusiiss InaI U a idiatos： total prls of

35、25 mlin Yua n,.ond the anna l budget of 207 mlion Yuan, beyond the Daa ng company i nddx4。！ mlin la n, ai ncra se of1.1 milon Yuan, FM ase-men' a ggrdefurEnegy poweluppy sandadca complei I g 32* g /kW, ddw 01 gkW； fteggited ala，powe cnspt I natii I 1.12%, down 0.6%；pollutant onspefmance gg yrrdu

36、 d c ompard t o las .“on 00-gIW.lulu dixi de 004g/k W NOx 0512 g kW；.semo ekiecy of moe tha 91*.Rela biiyinexiquvaleta labiiy trin 0-7%, icese d”% fom a yarea - .E - letfr outage ate 010%, 06% eduction ove tese | eid a yer2.2 选用执行元件因系统动作循环要求正向快进和工作，反向快退，且快进、快退速度相等，因此选用单活塞杆液压缸，快进时差动连接，无杆腔面积A等于有杆面积 A2

37、的两倍。2.3 快速运动回路和速度换接回路根据本例的运动方式和要求，采用三位四通回路来实现快速运动。即快进时，差动连接快进，快 退是正常速度。2.4 换向回路的选择本系统对换向的平稳性没有严格的要求，所以选用电磁换向器的换向回路。为便于实现差动连接,选用了三位四通换向阀。2.5 组成液压系统绘原理图将上述所选定的液压回路进行组合，并根据要求作必要的修改补充，即组成如图所示的液压系统图。表二液压系统中各电磁铁的动作顺序如下1YA2YA3YA4YA快进+-+快退-+-+卸荷-3液压元件的计算与选择3.1液压阀及过滤器的选择根据液压阀在系统中的最高工作压力与通过该阀的最大流量，可选出这些元件的型号及

38、规格。本5 、例中所有阀的额定压力都为63黑10 Pa,额定流量根据各阀通过的流量，确定为 10L/min, 25L/min和63L/min三种规格，所有元件的规格型号列于表三中，过滤器按液压泵额定流量的两倍选取吸油用线隙式过滤器。egae* staff: Hel! in the ru up to t he Spri I g Fe -， he done sen of fu sf r.lsen“ - Ccnfee- 203workso, ful ba c .20” caeul a naysi s of the -let si uaton, d scuss 203 iev_pmet pansHee

39、, on be hal of my cmpay 203 work re10rtst ote GenlAssembl y for cnsi-at.n.P I 202 back i n 202, XX po-we cmpanies adee to the pays 1 great sii for gudance, cmpre hesvey impeme nt the scetic concept ofd - lo.et , prmoti ng cosea deSi straegy, sa.s, focus on m <emen“n, .maag-et, coni nuousy m prove

40、, ooth iree I tof enteprse ma，ametjines ma nagement a nd cntrol sce nt*L ad ndaoe- a I d the de dcaton of sf, manage a hamonious and dem otc amosphee of leegood sl i on. M at.d- os are as fl . the batey id-to. powe ge neat t ot 785 biin IW_, b.ond the annual b_gl implementaton caa Cy of 35 mil on k

41、W, a n .cease of 77 mHon IW.Saes tot- -.45 b*bn IW, dig saes of 330ml0n k Wthe a nnua Exeutive budget, an icra - o，"9mil on kW. S euriy meaues uplanned outge s 25 tbe.No pesona ijuy acient occuld,no major a cci dent a I d a bo<e,no maorfielccdet s wihout envi onmeta poluin 一 re cnseutveleast

42、o maitai>taI lty to good pos ureFusiiss InaI U a idiatos： total prls of 25 mlin Yua n,.ond the annal budget of 207 mlion Yua n, bey ond the Daa ng company i nddx4。！ mlin la n, ai ncrase of 1.1 milon Yuan, FM ase -men' a ggrdefurEnegy poweluppy sandadca complei I g 32* g/kW, ddw 01 gkW； fteggi

43、ted ala，powe cnspt I natii I 1.12%, down 0.6%；pollutant onspefmance gg yrrdu d cmpard t o las .“on 00-gIW.lulu dixi de 004g/k W NOx 0512 g kW； .s emo ekiecy of moe tha 91*.Rela biiyinexiquvaleta labiiy tri n 0-7%, icese d”% fom a yarea - .E - letfr outage ate 010%, 06% eduction ove tese | eid a yer表

44、三液压元件明细表序号元件名称一 ，一 ，、一/I.1最大通过流量/L min-型号1用里叶片泵16YB12单向阀12RVP-103三位四通电磁阀324WE5A6.04二位三通电磁阀324WE5N/O6.05液压缸自制6先导式溢流阀4DBA-5X/Y7过滤器32SU1型烧结式过滤器8压力表开关KF-L8/M149压力表Y-6010二位二通电磁换向 阀324WE5A6.03.2 油管的选择根据选定的液压阀的连接油口尺寸确定管道尺寸。液压缸的进、出油管按输入、排出的最大流量来计算。由于本系统液压缸差动连接快进快退时，油管内通油量最大，其实际流量为泵的额定流量的 两倍达32L/min ,则液压缸进、出

45、油管直径 d按产品样本，选用内径为15mm,外径为19mm的10号冷拔 钢管。3.3 油箱容积的确定中压系统的油箱容积一般取液压泵额定流量的57倍，本设计取6倍，故油箱容积为V=6X16=96L4液压缸/集成块/油箱的结构设计4.1液压系统的参数计算(1)初选液压缸的工作压力参考同类型组合机床，初定液压缸的工作压力为P =30M105Pa(2)确定液压缸的主要结构尺寸本例要求插刀的快进、快退速度相等，现采用活塞杆固定的单杠式液压缸。快进时均采用差动联接，并取无杆腔有效面积 A等于有杆腔有效面积 A2的2倍，即A1 =2A2。由表一可知最大负载为切削健槽工作阶段的负载F=12777.8N,按此计

46、算 A则A1 =F/p1 =22777.8/30*105 =76.25cm2 D = J4ALem = 108.4mmV冗由此可知活塞杆直径d = 76.6mm按GB/T2348 1993将所计算的D与d值分别圆整到相近的标准直径，以便采用标准的密封置。圆整后D=110mm d=80cm按标准直径算出egae* staff: Hel! in theruuptotheSpriIgFe-， he done sen of fu sf r.lsen“ - Ccnfee- 203workso,fulbac .20” caeul a naysi s of the -let si uaton, d scus

47、s 203 iev_pmet pansHee,onbehalofmycmpay203 work re10rtst ote GenlAssembl y for cnsi-at.n.P I 202 back i n 202, XX po-we cmpaniesadeetothepays1great sii for gudance,cmpre hesvey impeme nt the scetic concept of d - l o.et , prmoti ng cosea deSi straegy, sa.s, focus on m <emen“n, .maag-et, coni nuou

48、sy m prove, ooth iree I tofenteprse ma， ametji nes ma nagement a nd cntrol sce nt*L ad ndaoe- a I d the de dcaton of sf, manage a hamonious and dem otc amosphee of leegoodslion.Mat.d- os are as fl . the batey id-to. powe ge neat t ot 785 biin IW_, b.ondtheannualb_gl implementatoncaaCyof35milonkW, a

49、n .cease of 77 mHonIW.Saestot- -.45 b*bn IW, dig saes of 330ml0n k Wthe a nnua Exeutive budget, anicra-o，"9mil on kW. S euriy meaues uplannedoutges25tbe.No pesona ijuy acient occuld,nomajor a cci dent a I d a bo<e, no maorfielcc det s wihout envi onmeta poluin 一 re cnseutve leasto maitai >

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52、ementsis,shoud idhee t tetw manngetsystm"bbss,sengte ning e chnologi carrsea ch, sengte n hidden ha zads cntr I l and itiscs yEner-ecnstucton tok nnwstes The tw o -maagement sstm- for .prov-etFocus on pr omoting te pow e of the cmpay managgmetsystmadteapplicaton and mpllme naton of the saey loo

53、p fvesta mangeI t ss,mpr<e t he saeymanaemet ly m, eaiz the sstm ofsaey cntol. Fute eguaesecuityroutnessaey iupenisonand mannge ntetwork rol etop m t a cieve clsd loop. Se I gte ning the lupevs on a nd mangetof ha biuavi olaton of, sengte ning t helafeysuevis onofousuc ng cntac ors Caare d out i

54、spring a nd a uumn ofseuryinspct ons, food contol a id inspecton, saey pr odudn mont h, dy iupeni son of plducton lafeyad teOympc Gmes ad oteA1 = D2 = 9498.5mm24222A2 = （D2 d2） =4474.5mm2（3）计算液压缸各工作阶段的工作压力、流量和功率根据液压缸的负载图和速度图以及液压缸的有效面积，可以算出液压缸工作过程各阶段的压力、流量和功率，表四 液压缸所需的实际流量、压力和功率<F进油压力pj回油压力pb所帝流里输

55、入功率PNpapbL/minkW差动快进F +APA, pj=A -A2 q=v(A -A,) P = p)q-555.61.1M10506.580.006切削过程_ F + pbA2 j Aq = AvP = pjq2277724M105012.3480.49快退_ F -A pj= Aq = A2 v P = p)q555.612.41710505.8170.12（4）缸筒壁厚和外套的计算（一）液压缸的壁厚一般是指钢筒结构中最薄处的厚度。其值由液压缸的强度条件来确定。 对于薄壁钢筒（D/&之10）& 2py_2cr = 7.34mm 取8mm式中：D液压缸直径Py_缸筒试验压力，当液压缸额定工作压力p16Mpa时。取py =1.5p（二）刚的厚度的确定