高中英语基础知识要点

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上英语词组的固定搭配(1) get down to doing sth. 开始做某事，认真处理某事(2) look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事(3) What do you say to doing sth? 你认为做某事如何？1. Its the first time that.(从句中用现在完成时)It was the first time that(强调句，对状语for the first time进行强调)Its (high) time that.(从句中用过去时或should do)2. Its the same with sb.

2、/ So it is with sb.表示某人也如此（用于前句中既有肯定又有否定或两个不同类的谓语动词）3. be about to do / be doingwhen.正要做/正在做就在那时.4 .倍数的表示方法 A is twice / three times as +原级+as BA is twice / three times than. of B. A is twice / three times +比较级+than B5. Its a waste of time / money doing / to doIts no use / good doingIts possible / p

3、robable / (un) likely that.It makes great / no sense to do做某事很有/没意义6. Theres no use / good doing.Theres no sense / point (in) doingThere is no need for sth. / to do.There is (no) possibility that（同位语从句）7. The+比较级., the+比较级越., 越（注意：前半句为从句，用一般现在时代替将来时 ）8. It seems / appears ( to sb. ) that sb.在某人看来某人=

4、 Sb. seems / appears to be / to do / to be doing / to have done.It seems / looks as if.好象/似乎.9. It (so) happened that sb. .某人碰巧.= Sb. happened to be / to do / to be doing / to have done.10. It is said / thought / believed / hoped / supposed .that sb=Sb. is said to be / to do / to be doing / to have

5、done.(这种句型里如带动词hope则不能变成简单句，因为无hope sb. to do结构)11. such.that.如此.以致于（引导结果状语从句） such.as像.的这种(as为关系代词，引导定语从句，在从句里充当主、宾、表)12. Do you mind if I do sth.? / Would you mind if I did sth.? 你介意.？ Mind doing sth . 介意做某事13. The chance is that./ (The )Chances are that.很可能.14. Check / Make sure / See to it / See

6、 that.(从句中常用一般现在时) 确信/务必.15. It is / was +介词短语/ 从句/ 名词/代词等+that How / When / Where / Why is / was it that.?（注意：此句型为强调句，当被强调的为表示人的词时，还可用who连接；强调主语时，从句后的谓语动词应与前面的主语保持一致；注意与定语从句的区别）16. How is it that.（这几个句型都表示“怎么会.?” “怎么发生的？”） How come+从句？ How does / did sth. come about? ( How did it come about that.?)

7、如:How come you are late again?17. There seems / appears / happens to be / must be / cant be / is (are, was, were) said to be / is (are, was, were) thought to be.表示 “.似乎有/碰巧有/一定有/不可能有/ 据说有/认为有.” 介词（如of ）there being want / wish / expect there to be要/希望/期待有. adj. / adv. enough for there to be.足够.会有.注意：

8、there being / there to be为there be的非谓语形式；It is said / thought that there is / are=There is / was / are / were said (thought) to be. 如：I have never dream of there being such a good chance for me.It wont be cold enough for there to be a frost tonight.18. But for + n. / pron., sb. / sth. would (not) ha

9、ve done.要不是 某人早就(表示虚拟语气)=If it had not been for.,./ If there had not been . 19. It won(t) be long before +从句（从句中用一般现在时）不久/很久就要.It was (not) long before+从句（从句中用一般过去时）不久/很久才.20. Those who .(从句及主句中谓语动词用复数形式). Anyone who = Whoever .(从句及主句中谓语动词用单数形式)21. 主句（一般现在时或过去时）.when从句.(might / should do 或might / sh

10、ould have done) 表示”对比”,意思为 “本该(可)而却”,主句中为陈述语气,从句里为虚拟语气,如:Why are you here when you should be in school?你本该上学的怎么在这儿?He stopped trying when he might have succeeded .本该已成功了他却停止努力了.22. There is ./ Sb. have no doubt that(同位语从句,that不可省略)There is / Sb. have some doubt whether.(同位语从句不可用if)23. immediately /

11、directly / instantly / the moment +从句 No sooner had sb. done than (过去时) Hardly had sb. done when.(过去时) （ 注意：这几个结构都表示“一.就” ）24. every time / each time / the last time / the first time / next time +从句（名词性短语引导一个时间状语句）anywhere / everywhere +从句（相当于wherever引导的地点状语从句）如：You can go anywhere you like.Next tim

12、e you come, please bring your son along.25. If only / I wish +从句(用过去类时态) 表示虚拟语气, “要是.就好了” “但愿就好了!”26 . Considering + n. 或 pron. 或 that从句 / Seeing that.考虑到/鉴于.Given + n. / pron作状语,表示 “在有的情况下” “如果有” “假定”,有时也表示”考虑到”Seeing (that) he refused to help us, there is no reason why we should help him now.Given

13、 good health, I hope to finish the work this year.Given their inexperience / that they are inexperienced, theyve done a good job.27. There was a time when.曾经有那么一度.28. other than与no, not, none等否定词连用,表示肯定意思,如:It was none other than Mr. Smith.这正是Smith先生.29. Not until.did / do/ does / will sb. do It was

14、 / is not until that sb30. Its (un) like sb. to do / to have done做某事很像某人/ 做某事可不像某人31. It remains to be seen Wh-words .是否.还有待于看.(不用that, if作连接词)32 . It only remains for sb. to do剩下的只是要某人做某事.Weve got everything ready. It only remains for you to come to dinner.33. One moment., and now刚才一会儿还在做而现在却.34. N

15、ot all / both / everyone表示部分否定35. Such is / are.这(些)就是.(谓语动词单复数由后面名词决定)36. Id rather (not) do / have done我宁愿. Id rather +从句（从句中用过去时或过去完成时）37. Its important / necessary / strange / surprising.+that(用陈述语气或should do)38. I like / hate / appreciate it that / when等从句 (it表示后面从句的这种情况) 如：I appreciate it if y

16、ou will give me a hand.39. By the time +从句（一般现在时/过去时），主句（将来完成时/过去完成时）40. can not ( never) too +adj. (adv. ) / adj. (adv.) + enough “越越好”“非常” too + adj. ( anxious / eager / willing / ready / glad等)+to do.表示肯定意思如：I cant thank you enough.我非常感激你. He was too glad to see his father.=He was very glad to se

17、e his father.41. not / never等表示否定的词与比较级连用表示最高级，如：-Do you agree with his suggestion? -I cant agree more.42.What if.要是.怎么办？ 如：What if he doesnt come tomorrow?43. more.than与其.不如. 如：He is more nervous than frightened. 44.It is / has been +一段时间+since从句(从句中如为延续性动词,则实际表示的意思相反)如：It is two years since he dra

18、nk.他不喝酒已两年了.1、night/evening night指in he time of darkness between evening and morning;而evening 指the time between sunset and bedtime.2、know/learn/notice know知道；熟悉 learn 听说；认识到；了解 notice 注意到3、sound/cry/voice/shout/noisesound 泛指各种声音 cry，voice，shout一般都指人的声音 noise 指噪音4、take place 预料中的发生；happen意料外的发生 ；occu

19、r 两者兼有What happened to（became of）you?你发生了什么事？5、anxious/eager/worried/hurried/nervousanxious 渴望的（eager）;担心的（worried ）hurried匆忙的 nervous 神经紧张的6、admire/enjoy admire oneself自我欣赏 enjoy oneself玩得高兴7、fun/joke/trick fun和joke都有开玩笑之意，fun不可数，joke是可数名词、前面要加不定冠词 a play /a joke on sb. 开某人的玩笑；a practical jokea tri

20、ck恶作剧；play a trick on sb. 捉弄某人。8、wonder/imagine/notice/examinewonder想知道 ；imagine想象； notice 注意到； examine 考查9、way/means/methodmeans常用作单方法；手段，工具; a means to an end达到目的方法；method方法、办法，与way 可以替换使用。10、path/road/waypath 小路；人行道 road公路 way 道路 the way to the station11、idea/opinion/suggestion/advice/tipidea 主意；

21、意见 opinion 意见；见解suggestion可数 advice不可数 tip n.告诫，提示；劝告12、examine/check/search examine 检查；诊察；审查，目的在于想了解有关的情况；check核实，检查，目的在于判断正误或是否正常；search搜查13、usual/spare修饰 usual惯常的，平常的 spare空闲的（free）14、instead/however都作副词时，instead而是含有某种对比，however可是仍然含有转折让步的意思。15、lost/missing/gone都可表示丢失不见了 lost可作定语；用被动语态；missing和go

22、ne一般作表语16、pour/drop pour倒，灌；drop 使滴下，使落下17、admire/inspire/supportadmire钦佩 inspire鼓舞 support 支持18、courage/spirit/strength courage勇气 spirit 精神 strength力气19、journey/travel/trip journey长途旅行 travel广义的旅行 trip旅行（一次来回）a round trip 20、common/ordinary/usual/average/regular/normalcommon 公用的；普通的 ordinary普通的；平凡的

23、 usual 平常的；惯常的（as usual）average平均的；普通的；平常的（an article of average quality 普通产品）regular 固定的；有规律的（the regular people生活有规律的人）normal 正常的（return to normal恢复正常）21、develop/become develop vt.养成；形成（form） become 变成（grow, turn, get等）连系动词22、cheat/lie cheat作弊 lie 说谎23、small change零钱 extra change 多给的零钱24、walk/step

24、/marchwalk走、步行 step 跨，踏 march（齐步）前进、行进、行军、游行25、out of step 步调不一致 out of order 不整齐，出故障26、out of sight, out of mind（谚语）眼不见，心不想27、suffering 苦难 trouble麻烦 difficulty困难 danger危险28、remain/last remain 保持，仍然 系动词 last 延续，持续29、disturb/bother/trouble/interruptbother ones head（或brains）about 为费脑筋what troubles me

25、most is 使我极不安的是disturb 打扰，扰乱，妨碍 interrupt 打断，打扰 如：Dont bother to care about others matter.不要费心去管别人的事。30、possible 可能的 probable 较可能的 likely 很有可能的31、exercise 锻炼；练习 practice练习训练（业余的）training训练（专业性强）常见动词短语归纳小结look 的常用短语：look up in查找 look sb. up and down 上下打量 look back to/ upon回顾 look uponas把 看作 look forw

26、ard to期待 look through浏览; 看穿 take a new look呈现新面貌fear的常用 in fear害怕地 (be) in fear of 害怕 for fear of/ that担心；生怕concentrate 的常用短语： concentrate on 专心 concentrate ones mind on 专心于类似的短语：fix ones mind upon focus on put ones heart into focus ones mind onsurprise常用短语：in surprise惊讶地 to ones surprise 使某人惊讶的是be

27、surprise at/to do/that对某事感到惊讶表示“穿衣”的动作或状态的词和短语1表示动作的有：pull on put on dress dress sb2. 表示状态的有：wear be in be dressed in have on常见表“喜欢”的短语和单词like care for be keen on be fond of take delight introuble的常用短语： have much trouble / no trouble (in) doing 在有/没有困难take great trouble to do不辞辛劳做某事put sb to the tro

28、uble of doing 为难某人做某事 make trouble捣乱be in (great) trouble 惹麻烦；处在困境中 help sb. out of trouble帮某人摆脱困境end的常用短语： come to an end结束 put an end to 结束 on end竖起, 连续 in the end终于; 最后 end up (by) doing以结束 make both ends meet收支相抵表示“导致”、“由引起”的短语：1. 导致cause sth. (to do) result in lead to 2. 由引起 be caused by result

29、 from grow out of lie in表“全力以赴”的短语：do / try ones best spare no efforts to do take great pains to do go all out to do do what somebody can (do) to do do all somebody can (do) to do direction常用短语： in (the ) direction of.朝方向 under the direction of .在的指导下follow the directions照说明去做far常用短语：far from (being

30、)离要求相差很远 far from +(a place)距离某地很远far away遥远 so far 到目前为止; 那么远as far as sb. knows/sees据某人所知 by far (最高级前,比较级后)起强调作用distance常用短语： in the distance在远处 from/ at a distance从远处keep sb. at a distance 于某人保持一定距离 It is no distance at all.不远use常用短语： used to do过去曾经、常做 be used to doing 习惯于be used to do被用来做 make

31、good/ full use of充分利用come into use开始使用 it is no use doing 干没有用“出了什么事”的几种不同表达Whats wrong with.? Whats the matter with?Whats the trouble with? What happened (to sb.) ?“众所周知”常用表达法：It is known to all that主语从句，that不能省 As is known to all,定语从句，置于句首We all know (that)后接宾语从句 Everyone knows (that)后接宾语从句, which

32、 is known to all.非限定从句，置于句末表“同意某人意见”的常用短语：agree with sb. /what sb. said agree to sth. approve (of) sth. in favour of sth. be agreeable to sth. be for sth. “不同意”disagree with sb./ what sb. said object to sth. disapprove (of) sth. be against sth. sign的常用短语：sign ones name签名 sign to sb (not) to do sth.

33、示意某人(不)做某事signs of 的迹象would rather 与 prefer 的区别1宁愿做而不做 would rather do A than do B prefer A to B prefer to do A rather than do B2. would rather 主语 + 过去式，表示“宁愿”eg. I would rather you came tomorrow than today.should prefer sb. to do sth./ should prefer 主语 + 过去式，表示“比较喜欢”eg. I should prefer you not to g

34、o there alone.OR: I should prefer that you did not go there alone.trap常用短语 be caught in a trap落入圈套 be led into a trap中圈套 set a trap to do sth.设圈套 be trapped in sth.被.所围困grow常用短语in the grow of在.成长中 grow up长大; 成长 grow rich on*. 变富 grow into长成 grow out of由.引起/滋生出make常用短语be made up of =consist of 由组成 ma

35、ke up for弥补be made from/ of由造成 make up编造;组成;化妆 be made into制成 make fun of取笑; 嘲弄 make a living 谋生supply, provide, offer 的区别：1表示“向某人提供某物” supply / provide sb. with sth. supply / provide sth. for sb.supply sth. to sb. offer sb. sth. 2. 表示“主动提出做某事” offer to do sth. 3. 表示“倘使”、“假如” provided / providing th

36、at= on condition that=only if4. 表示“满足需要”supply / meet a need.supply的常用短语 in short supply 缺乏，不足 medical/military supply医疗/军用品 supplies of许多lack的常用短语 be lacking in sth. 在不足 make up for the lack of 弥补的不足for/by/from/through lack of由于不足,缺乏 have no lack of不缺damage的常用短语 do damage/harm to 对有害 cause damage t

37、o 对造成损害 ask for damage要求赔偿die of 与die from 的区：die of 表示“死于病”或冻死、气死，或死于过度悲伤。die of cancer/grief/hunger/anger/colddie from表示死于外伤、事故、劳累过度。如：die from polluted air/overwork/sword thrustdie常用短语 die for ones country为国捐躯 die down熄灭、平息 die away消逝、静下来die off绝种、枯死 die a heroic death英勇牺牲threaten常用短语 threaten sb

38、. with sth.用威胁某人 threaten to do威胁做under the threat of在的威胁下speed常用短语 speed up加速 at the speed of以.的速度 with great speed迅速aim常用短语 take aim at瞄准 reach an aim达到目的 aim at瞄准、针对permit与allow 的区别表“允许做某事”或“允许某人做某事”用法基本相同。permit/allow doing sth. permit/allow sb. to do sth. permit /allow of sth 一般在独立主格结构中表示“时间、条件

39、等许可”，多用permitTime/Weather permitting, Ill drop in on her.allow 还可以表示“承认”、“考虑到”。例如：1. We allow him to be wronged.means常用短语 by means of通过.by this means/ in this way用这种方法 by no means/in no case决不 by all means用一切办法keep常用短语 keep up with紧跟. keep sb. doing sth.让某人一直 keep sb. from doing sth.阻止.做 keep off th

40、e grass勿踏草地 keep to the point紧扣主题 keep in touch with与保持联系mark常用短语 make ones mark成功、出名 be marked with标明 gain/get full marks for 得满分seat常用短语take ones seat坐下 have a seat请坐 see/find sb. seated看见/发现某人坐在. be seated就座, 坐着 seat oneself in/at/on使自己坐在give常用短语 give up放弃 give in让步屈服 give off 散发出 give away赠送、泄漏g

41、ive rise to 引起 give out 疲劳、用完、散发出fit常用短语 be fit for适合 keep fit/keep healthy保持健康 be fit to do 适合于. fit in with适应a nice fit合身的衣服 fit sb.某人穿. 合身reach 常用短语reach an agreement达成协议 reach for伸手去拿/够within / out of reach够得到/够不着 reach sbs understanding 使某人明白feed常用短语 feed sth. to sb/feed sb. on sth. 用喂养be fed up of/ be tired of/ be bored with 对感到厌倦 feed on以为食mercy常用短语without mercy残忍地 have mercy on /upon 对表示怜悯at the mercy of任凭摆布 beg for mercy 乞求饶恕exist常用短语exist in/lie in/consist in存在于 in existence 现存的come into existence/ co