英语音标学习资料整理

1、英语音标表（48个）元音(20个)蓝色(OriginalVersionOfIPA)长元音/d/?:/?:/?:/i:/u:/短元音/?/?/?/?/7/?/u/e/?/eI/e?/aI/a?/?I/?双元音/?/e?/e?/?/u?/?/?u/a?/au轻辅音/p/ / t/ / k/ h/ /ts/浊辅音/b/d/ /g/ r/ /dz/辅音(28个)/f/ / H/t 7 /tr/v/ /e/d ?/ /dr/s/ /7/z/ /?/鼻音/m/n/?/半元音/j/w/边音/7英语音标及字母组合对照,、一兀首:1) /?/发音字母uoouooupsupperlunchfungunhuntcu

2、pbusmotherdoeslovetroubleroughbloodflood2) /a/发音字母araalcarfarmcardarmgardenfastclasslastglassplantcalmhalfauntheart3) /?/?发音字母oaouhotlostlotfoxboxhoplosscollarnotwantwashwatch4) /?:/发音字母alororeooauourouarawSmall,walltalktallballwalkshortmorelordhorseforfortysportstoredoorfloorauthorcaughtautumnfourc

3、ourtboughtbroughtwarmwarnquarterlawsaw5) /?/发音字母erorouaroaeuurteacherleaderrememberplayerspeakerfarmerdoctoractorauthordeliciousfamiliardollartomorrowtodaylessonpolitecontrolaroundagoelephantbananaCanadaJapanmenlistenfamulusSaturday6) /?:/?:发音字母irurearerorbirdgirlskirtthirdturnburnmurdernurseturtleT

4、hursdayburgerlearnearnearthheardtermherserveworkworld7)/7发音字母iyeuiuayasitpictureitislistsixmixfixfitmanyhappytwentydictionarydecidebuildyesterday8) /i：/发音字母:eeeaeieei(eoeyi)threetreegreensheepmeetbeefseeseekeatteameatteachermeanspeakheshemepiecebelievereceiveceiling9) /?/u发音字母ooouuolookgoodfootbookw

5、oodshouldcouldputfullpushwomanwolf10) /U：/发音字母ooououfoodmoonroomgloombroomdoomgoosetoothdowhomprovemovetworudetrueblueyougroup11)/e/发音字母eaea(ue,u,ie,ai,ei,ay)headbreadpleasurefeatherelephantremembersellshelllessonbetterbeddeskyesmanyany12) /?/发音字母aglad flagmanbaghandandanthappyhatmapmadbadblack13) /

6、e?eI发音字母eiaayeaaieyeightnamecakelategateplaneAprilplaysaywaygreatbreakrainplainpaintpaidthey_hey_grey_14) /a?al发音字母iyuybikefinefinddieninelightnighthighmytryflyeyebuyguy15)/?I发音字母oyoiboytoyjoyenjoyoilsoilvoicechoice16) /?7发音字母eerearerebeerdeerearnearhereidea17) /e?/&馁音字母earairerearepearbearchair

7、airfairtherewherecaredare18) /?/u?发音字母ouroorure19)/?/ ?u发音字母otourpoorsurehomecoldnophonehostghostknowlowboatcoat20)/a?/belowgrowblowgoalau发音字母ouowshowflowhousefloweroutflourgrounddownnowcowaccountcount：howtownowoasoundloud辅音：1.爆破音音标对比：/k/g/t/d/p/b/发音字母：c/k/ckgtdpbkeepgetteadeedputbookkidgainteamdeep

8、penbedcakebegneatneedpetbetpickpigbetbedpullball2.摩擦音音标对比：/f/v/0/e/发音字母：f/phvththlifelivethickthisfivevotethemethanphysicsvisitteeththey音标对比：/s/z/7/?/发音字母：s/cs/zsh/ch/ci/ti/sisi/ssinkzipactiontreasurepasszoomachinemeasureadvicehisfinishrevisionAsia、ancient3.破擦音音标对比：/tr/发苜子母：trdrtreetrytreat/dr/dream

9、drydraw/ts/dz/chbedsseedsneeds/t?/dr/jobenergytsbetsseatsnetsdsj/ge/chesschildrenmatch4）鼻音音标对比：/m/n/?/发苜子母：mnngnSomenoonsingComenosesongMapnotekingMoonnothingthank5）其他音标：/h/r/j/w/7发首字母:h/whr/wryw/whLHotraceyearwaitletHouseredyeswideleapHorserightyardwhatdealWholewrongyoungwhilesaleWhowriteyetwhenbel

10、tWhse【注忌】wh在兀音字母ow/h/语音知识:1) 字母：语言的书写形式。元音字母只有a,e,i(y),o,u2) 音素：音的最小的单位。英语中有48音素。即20个元音音素和28个辅音音素.3) 元音：发音响亮，是乐音；口腔中气流不收阻碍；是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20元音。4) 辅音：发音不响亮，是噪音；口腔中气流受到阻碍；不是构成音节的主要音。英语中有28辅音。5) 音节：由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。ap'ple，stu'dent，tea'cher，un'der'stand。6) 开音节：a)辅音+元音+辅音+enamebikehomedue

11、;b)辅音+元音he，go，hi。7) 闭音节：a)辅音+元音+辅音bad，bed，sit，hot，cup;b)兀首+辅首it。8) 重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。读音规则1) 重读音节(见元音和辅音的例句)。2) 非重读音节banana，student，today，after，iorange，secret，evening，very，Monday。特殊读音1)音的连读：前面的词以元辅音结尾，后面的单词以元音开头，这样结尾的辅音要和开头的元音连读。notatall，halfanhour，Iloveyouandall、afterall。2)失去爆破：辅音爆破音或摩擦音后面跟的是爆破音、破擦音

12、和摩擦等，前面的辅音要失去爆破。goodgirl，goodstudent，goodjob，expression，school，extreme。3)音的同化：两个特殊的音碰到一起，会发出变异成特殊的音。Wouldyoudoit?Iamgladtomeetyou、Can'tyouseeit?lastyea，rthisyear。重音A）双音节词a）一般在第一个音节重读。letter,sorry。b）有a-,be-,de-,re-,res-,in-,im-,en-,em-,es-,ex-,con-,com-,dis-，mis-，pre-，per-，pro-，trans-等前缀的词，第二个音节是

13、重音。a'bout，be'lieve，ad'dress，de'cide，re'port，con'demn，res'pect，com'pare，in'form，dis'cuss，im'press，mis'take，en'force，pre'pare，em'ploy，per'mit，es'cape，pro'duce，ex'claim，trans'latec）有de-,in-,re-,con-,pre-等前缀的重音与词义和词类有关，一般名词的

14、重音在第一个音节上，其它的词性在第二个音节上。'record,re'cord;'insult,in'sult;'conduct,con'duct;'presentpre'sent;'contentcon'tent。d）有些复合词和带有前缀re-,ex-,un-,pre-,post-,等的词，有两个重音。'out'side,'re'tell,'well-'known,'un'real,'fifteen,'Chi'nese,'

15、;pre-'war,'post-'war。B）多音节词a）一股倒数第三个音节是重音。'difficult,'communist,'family,e'conomy,oppor'tunity,de'mocracy。b）有一些双音节词，加了前缀和后缀成了多音节，但这些词按原来词根的重音读音'carefully,in'definite,'comfortable,con'ductor,ac'cording,dis'turbance,'complicated,establishm

16、entsc）词尾有-eous,-grahpy,-ial,-ian,-ic,-ics,-ience,ient,-ify,-ion,-ious,-ity,ive后缀的词，重音在这些后缀的前一个音节上。cour'teous,calligraphy,edi'torial,his'torian,peri'odic,mathe'matics,ex'perience,sufficient,i'dentify,trans'lation,re'ligious,curi'osity,protective。d）词尾有-ain,-ee,-

17、eer,-ese,-ette后缀的词，重音在该后缀上，而且有一个次重音。enter'tain,emplo'yee,mountai'neer,Japa'neseciga'rette。一些特殊规则：s后的清辅音/k/p/t/要浊彳匕为/g/b/d/音。如：skyskillstopstudentspacesport字母组合tion有两种发音/t?/,/?n/如：/t?!/question/?n/situationnationinvitation有些单词中某些字母不发音如：hourclimbChristmasknowlisten一般情况开音节发本音（如辅+元+辅

18、+e的结构）ae?cake,face,table,grade,have?除夕卜ei:these,he,she,be,weIa?mine,ride,time,give,live?除外o?nose,those,hope,（另外，'后是m,n,v,th,发?如：love,some,come,glove,brother,mother;whose,whomu:除夕卜。）Uju:cute,use闭音节一般不发本音（如辅+元+辅的结构）a?cat,black,glad,eebed,left,help,I?big,milk,think,o/?/?hot,stop,clock,u ? bus , sun

19、 ,but ,put , pull?除外仅一种发音的字母组合：ai,aye?rain,playhaf a :除外school k除外还有 sure ?al?:all,walktalkoa?coat,boatcht?chair,Chinackkduck,clocksh?shirt,shoesa前是辅音w时,a发/?/?，如：want,what,watch,wallet,washa后是字母ss,s,f,n时，般发a:如grass,class,ask,after,i后是ld,nd结尾时，i发a?,如：find,kind,child,behind,一些常用字母组合的发音:ara:farmfarfart

20、herpark?:quarterwarmaire?chajrhairhairdryerpairairportear?dearyearearearphonenearheare?bearpear?:learnearlyere?heree?wherethere?:wereeae?greateheadsweaterbreakfastreadybreadheadacheheavyi:speakpeachbeacheachpleasereadreading-roomteacherteacheatseatteateapotmeatice-creamEastermean?reallyideatheatreee

21、i:seeeighteenthreegreensweettreeHalloweenneedstreetsweepweekender?:herhersterm?brotheLdaughterfathermothersisterteachernumbertigerafterfloweror?doctorvisitormirrorcalculator?:workworkerwordworld?:forfortymorningshortsportforkhorseNewYorkordermorebeforeir/ur?:birdgirlbirthdayshirtskirtthirdcirclethirstythirtysjrfirstturnpursenursehamburgersurfThursdayhurtigha?|nightbrightrightlightfighthighheighte?|eightweightoo?cookfootfootballclassroom