英文财务指标及计算公式汇总

1、RatiosProfitability ratiosProfitability ratios measure the firm's use of its assets and con trol of its expe nses to gen erate an acceptable rate of return.Gross margin. Gross profit margin or Gross Profit RateGross ProfitNet SalesORS吐s - GOGSNet. SalesOperat ing margin, Operat ing In come Margi

2、n, Operat ing profit margin or Retur n on sales (ROS)Operating IncomeNet SalesNote: Operati ng in come is the differe nee betwee n operati ng reve nues and operat ing expe nses, but it is also sometimes used as a synonym for EBIT and operating profit. 10 This is true if the firm has no non-operati n

3、g in come. (Ear nings before in terest and taxes / Sales)Profit margin, net margin or net profit marginNtit IncomeNet SalesReturn on equity (ROE)Net IncomeAverage SharcholdeTS EquityRetur n on in vestme nt (ROI ratio or Du Pont ratio)Net IncomeAverage Owmeis EquityRetur n on assets (ROA)Net IncomeTo

4、t elI Assetsf Net Sales Total Assets /Return on assets Du Pont (ROA Du Pont)(Net IncomeNet Sales叮叮小文库Retur n on Equity Du Pon t (ROE Du Pont)(Xet Income / Net Sales A ( Average AssetsNet Sales / Average Assets J Average Equity JRetur n on n et assets (RONA)Not IncomeFixed Assets + Working CapitaiRet

5、urn on capital (ROC)N«t Operating Profit 一 Adjusted TaesOwners EquityRisk adjusted return on capital (RAROC)Expoctod ReturnEconomic CapitalORExpccted Ret urnValue at RiskRetur n on capital employed (ROCE)Net IncomeCapital EmployedNote: this is somewhat similar to (ROI), which calculates Net In

6、come per Owner's EquityCash flow return on in vestme nt (CFROI)CobIi FlowMarket RecapitalisationEfficie ncy ratioXon-Inttreat IncomeNet Interest Income + Non-Interest. IncomeNet geari ngdette nettefonds propres3叮叮小文库Liquidity ratiosLiquidity ratios measure the availability of cash to pay debt.Cu

7、rre nt ratioCurrent. AssetsCurrent LiabilitiesAcid-test ratio (Quick ratio) 17Current Assets - (Inventories + Pre payments )1Current. LiabilitiesOperation cash flow ratioOperation Cash FlowTotal DebtsActivity ratiosActivity ratios measure the effective ness of the firms use of resources.Average coll

8、ect ion periodAccounts R-eceivablcAnnual Credit Sales H- 365 DaysDegree of Operat ing Leverage (DOL)Percent Change in Net Operating Income|Percent Change in SalosDSO RatioAcrounts RcccivabteTotal Annual Sales -4- 365 DaysAverage payme nt periodAccounts Payabl-eAnnual Credit Purchases 子 365 Davs2 IAs

9、set tur no verNet SalesTot al Assets-3叮叮小文库Inven tory tur no ver ratioCOGSAverage InventoryReceivables Turno ver RatioXet Credit SalesAverage Net ReceivablesInven tory con vers ion ratio365 DaysInrntorv TumoveTdrInven tory con vers ion period(驛)Receivables con vers ion period/Receivables _het Sales

10、365 DaySPayables con vers ion period Purges 65DavsAccounts Payable/Cash Con vers ion CycleInven tory Con vers ion Period + Receivables Con versi on Period - Payables Con vers ion PeriodDebt ratios (leveragi ng ratios)Debt ratios measure the firm's ability to repay Ion g-term debt. Debt ratios me

11、asure finan cial leverage.Debt ratioTotal LiabilitiesTotal AssetsDebt to equity ratioLong-term Debt 十 Value of LeasesAverage Shareholders EquityLong-term Debt to equity (LT Debt to Equity)Long-term DebtTotal AssetsTimes in terest-earned ratioEBITAnnual Interest ExpenseORNet- IncomeAnnual Interest Ex

12、penseDebt service coverage ratioNet Operating IncomeTotal Debt ServiceMarket ratiosMarket ratios measure in vestor resp onse to owning a compa ny's stock and also the cost of issu ing stock.Earnings per share (EPS) Expected Earnings Numbet of SharesPayout ratioDividpnckiEarningsORDivide nd£

13、EPSDivide nd cover (the in verse of Payout Ratio)Earnings per ShareDividend per ShareP/E ratioMarket Price per ShareDiluted EPSDivide nd yieldDividendCurrent Market. PriceCash flow ratio or Price/cash flow ratioMarket Price per SharePresent Value of Cash Flow per ShaiePrice to book value ratio (P/B or PBV)Market Price per ShareBalance Sheet Price per SharePrice/sales ratioMarket Price per Sh