18-19Module4SectionⅢGrammar——复习被动语态

1、SectionHIGrammar复习被动语态语境自主领悟先观察原句后自主感悟1.Today,carnivalinVeniceiscelebratedforfivedaysinFebruary.2.Iftheybrokethelaws,theywereputintoprison.3. Thepartywillbeheldinfivedays.4. Twohundredtreeshavebeenplantedsincethemancamehere.1. 句1用了一般现在时的被动语态,其构成为am/is/are+过去分词。2. 句2用了一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为was/were+过去分词。3.

2、句3用了月又将来时的被动语态、其构成为will/shall+be+过去分词。4. 句4用了现在完成时的被动语态，其构成为“have/has+been+过去分词”。语法精要点拨一、被动语态的基本时态变化1.各种时态被动语态的构成被动语态由助动词be和及物动词的过去分词构成。被动语态可用丁各种时态，其时态变化通过助动词be的不同形式来体现。时态动词的被动形式例句一般现在时am/is/aredoneEnglishistaughtinmostschools.一般过去时was/weredoneTheletterwastypedonthecomputer.一般将来时shall/willbedoneThep

3、roblemwillbediscussedomorrow.现在进行时am/is/arebeingdoneThebridgeisbeingbuilt过去进行时was/werebeingdoneAtthattimethedeskwasbeingrepaired现在完成时have/hasbeendoneThehousehasbeenbuilt过去完成时hadbeendoneTheysaidthattheirworkhadbeenfinished过去将来时wouldbedoneHesaidthetreeswouldbeplantedsoon.2. 被动语态的特殊形式（1）含有情态动词的被动语态的结构为

4、：情态动词+be+过去分词Somethingmustbedonetostopthewaterfrombeingpolluted.必须采取措施来制止水受到污染。（2）“get+过去分词”式被动语态在口语和非正式的语体中，常用“get+过去分词”表示被动语态，其中get相当丁be动词，起助动词的作用。这种形式一般用来谈论突然发生的事，通常只表小动作，不表小状态。Someglassesgotbrokenwhenweweremoving.我们搬家时有些玻璃杯被打碎了。即时训练1完成句子 Wearenotallowed不允许）toenterthechemistrylabwithoutateacher.

5、Thebookhasbeenpublished巴经出版）andyoucanbuyoneinthelocalbookstore. TomalwayshadthefeelingthattheywerebeingwatchedE在被监视）. TreasuresmustbetakenL定要采取）topreventthewaterfrombeingpolluted. Thehallisbeingbuilt（正在建造）.Iwonderwhetheritwillbefinished（将完成）.【导学号：71812033】二、主动形式表小被动意义1.当look,sound,smell,taste,feel,p

6、rove,remain,stay等作系动词时。Thesoupsmellsgoodbuttastesterrible.这种汤闻起来不错，但太难喝了。Thetheoryprovedtobecorrect.这个理论证明是正确的。2. 表示主语某种届性、特征的动词如read,sell,write,wash,wear等。Thiskindofbooksellswell.这种书很畅销。Theshirtwasheswell.这衬衫很好洗。3.表示开始、结束、运动的动词如begin,start,finish,stop,open,close等。Theshopclosesat6p.m.everyday.商店每天下午

7、6点关门。即时训练2单句语法填空 Yourreasonsounds(sound)reasonable. Mypenwrites(write)quitesmoothly. Wemustgettherebeforethelecturebegins(begin).三、使用被动语态应注意的问题不及物动词及短语不能用丁被动语态。常见的有：rise,appear,disappearhappenoccur,breakout,takeplacerunout,giveout(用完，耗尽)等。MymoneyhasrunouttCanyoulendmesome?我的钱用完了，你能借给我一些吗？2.在主动语态里，感官

8、动词和使役动词后面跟不带to的不定式作宾补，但变为被动语态时，须带to。IoftenhearhersingEnglishsongs.tSheisoftenheardtosingEnglishsongsbyme.我经常听见她唱英语歌。3. 带有介词或副词的动词短语用作被动语态的谓语时，介词或副词不能省略。Sheoftenlooksaftertheoldman.tTheoldmanisoftenlookedafterbyher.她经常照顾这位老人。4. 含有双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时，有两种方法：一是将间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语保持不变；二是将直接宾语变为主语，间接宾语前加介词to或for。H

9、ermotherboughtheracomputer.tShewasboughtacomputebyhermother.tAcomputerwasboughtforhebyhermother.她妈妈给她买了一台电脑。即时训练3单句改错 Atrafficaccidentwashappenednearourschoollastnight.去掉was GreatchangeshavebeentakenplaceinChinainthepastfiveyears.去掉been Atallmanwasseengointotheroomjustnow.go前加to语法应用落实I.单句语法填空1. Engl

10、ishisspoken(speak)allovertheworld,soitiscalledtheuniversallanguage.2. Thesweatersells(sell)wellsoIdecidetobuyit.3. Anewlawwas_passed(pass)inChinain2019tobandrivingafterdrinking.4. Anewroadisbeing_built(build)andisexpectedtoopennextmonth.5. Mum,IwaswonderingifyoucouldlendmeafewdollarsuntilIgotpaid(pa

11、y)onFriday.6. Theyshouldbetaught(teach)tobegratefultotheirparentswhohavegiventhemlifebutaskfornothinginreturn.7. Thewomanwaswalkingaboutoutsidetheoperationroombecausehersonwas_beingoperated(operate)on.8. Weareconfidentthattheenvironmentwillbeimproved(improve)byourfurthereffortstoreducepollution.9. L

12、argequantitiesofmoney_have_been_spent(spend)insearchingforacureforthisterriblediseasesofar.【导学号：71812034】10. Thepalacecaughtfirethreetimesinthelastcenturyandlittleoftheoriginalbuildingremains(remain)now.U.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1.Themeetingwaslastedfornearlyfourhoursandmanypeoplefeltsleepy.第4页去掉was1. Stopmakingnoise.Thenewsisbroadcastatthemoment.broadcast前加being2. Pauld