人教版高中英语选修八Unit2Cloning单元测试卷(二)Word版含答案

1、号证考准装 只名姓卷 此级班2018-2019学年局二下学期训练卷选修八 Unit2 Cloning英 语（二）注意事项：1 .答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并 将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2 .选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3 .非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。 写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4 .考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。I一、阅读理解（共8小题，每小题2分，共16分）AResearchers ha

2、ve developed new software using smartphones GPS and imaging abilities that determine the exact location of distant objects as well as monitor the speed and direction of moving objects. The software could eventually allow smartphone- armed soldiers to target the location of their enemies. On the home

3、 front, the software could be used by everyone, including golfers judging distance to the green and biologists documenting the location of a rare animal without disturbing it.“The great advantage of a smartphone is that it provides so many tools in a single, readily available, relatively inexpensive

4、 package , “ said Wang Qia, a doctoral student who led the development of the software. " Foiexample, on the battlefield, a soldier needs a rangefinder, compass, GPS and other tools to get information before calling in an air strike. With our software, the soldier can have all those instruments

5、 in one device that can be purchased off the shelf. When that soldier returns from war, she can use the same software to protect her family by clocking a speeder near her children catching the criminal on video.Wang and his colleagues developed their software to locate and track:Targets of known siz

6、e when the size of the target is known, a single image is enough to pinpoint the target' s location.Targets of unknown size if the exact size of a target is unknown, the software uses two images to triangulate the location of the target.Moving targets by taking a short video of a moving target,

7、the smartphone software can calculate how fast the target is moving and in what direction it is going.“Currently, our software is limited by the physical abilities of smartphone hardware, but the devices are improving rapidly , “ Wang said. "Weexpect that improvements in GPS accuracy, battery l

8、ife and camera resolution will allow our software to make even more accurate observations. ”1. From Paragraph 1 we can know that the new software can.A. determine the speed of moving objectsB. locate objects in the distance exactlyC. defend soldiers against their enemiesD. help biologists protect ra

9、re animals2. How does the software calculate the speed of a moving object?A. By taking a short video.B. By locating its position.C. By taking a single image.D. By measuring its real- life size.3. What ' s Wang Qia ' s attitude towards the future of the software?A. Casual.B. Optimistic.C. Cau

10、tious.D. Flexible.4. What is the best title of the text?A. Wang Qia, a Talented Doctoral Student5. What do we know about the cloned ibex?B. Use Smartphones to Their Full PotentialC. Targeting and Tracking with SmartphonesD. Smartphone Armed Soldiers on the BattlefieldBAn extinct mountain goat that w

11、as once common in the Pyrenees became the first animal to be brought back from extinction. Researchers used frozen DNA to produce a clone, but the newborn kid died within minutes of birth due to breathing difficulties.The Pyrenean ibex is a type of mountain goat, which is believed to have died out c

12、ompletely in 2000.Before the death of the last known individual (a 13- year-old female known as Celia), biologists took cells from her skin and ears, which were frozen in liquid nitrogen (氮).An earlier cloning attempt to use the skin cells failed. But the latest attempt involved the creation of 439

13、cloned embryos (胚胎).Of these cloned embryos,57 were put into the female domestic goats , but only one goat gave birth and the newborn cloned kid died after seven minutes as a result of lung disease.Researchers say that other cloned animals, including sheep , have been born with similar lung disease

14、, but they say that overall the experiment was a major step forward in the effort to bring the ibex back to its mountain home. The leading researcher Jose Folch says, “The cloned kid was genetically like the ibex. In species such as the ibex , cloning is the only possibility to avoid its complete di

15、sappearance.The failure to produce a living clone from DNA that was frozen only fifteen years ago shows the difficulty researchers would face in trying to bring back species that have been extinct for decades or centuries. Researchers have had the idea of bringing back the Tasmanian tiger, which wen

16、t extinct in 1936. There are , however, other species that have been seriously suggested for cloning, such as the giant panda, the African bongo antelope, the Sumatran tiger and the pygmy hippo. Supporters believe cloning provides hope of keeping these endangered animals alive before they die out.A.

17、 It died of lung disease.B. It was the first cloned animal in the world.C. It lived for thirteen years.D. It was born in 2000.6. We can conclude from the passage that.A. cloning has developed quickly in developed countriesB. no more animals will die out in the futureC. cloning makes it possible to p

18、reserve endangered speciesD. cloning seldom results in physical problems for animals7. What ' s the best title for this page?A. Great advancement in cloning goatsB. Difficulties in saving extinct animalsC. Public concerns about cloningD. Cloning brought back an extinct species for a while8. In w

19、hich part of a newspaper would you most probably read this passage?A. Society. B. Sports. C. Amusement. D. Science.二、语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分)Diets have changed in China and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country 1 (grow ) more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125percent ove

20、r 2 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.A taste for meat is 3(actual) behind the change: An important part ofits corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 4(improve) waterqual

21、ity. Corn uses less water 5 rice and creates less fertilizer(化月巴)runoff.This switch has decreased 6 (pollute) in the country's major lakes andreservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total7 （globe） fertilizer consumpt

22、ion. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005when the government 8 （start） a soil-testing program9 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers-and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission（ 排放）of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. Chi

23、na's approach to protecting its environment while 10 （feed） its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.三、七选五 （共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）The color of animals is by no means a matter of chance; it depends on many consid

24、erations, but in the majority of cases tends to protect the animals from danger by making it less outstanding. Perhaps, it may be said that if coloring is mainly protective, there ought to be fewer brightly colored animals. 1. The kingfisher itself, though so brightly colored, is not easy to see.2.

25、Thus, for instance, the lion, and the wild donkey are all sand colored. a Indeed,in the desert, neither trees, brushwood, nor even undulation （起伏）of the surface afford the slightest protection to its enemies.3. “ says an expert.The next point is the color of the mature caterpillars（毛虫），some of which

26、 are brown. This probably makes the caterpillar even more outstanding among the green leaves. What would you do if you were a big caterpillar? Why, like most other defenceless creatures, you would feed by night, and lie hidden by day. 4. When the morning light comes, they go down the stem of the foo

27、d plant, and hide among dry sticks and leaves around the ground, and it is obvious that under such circumstances the brown color really becomes a protection. While we may say as a always the case that they are brown: some of them still remain green.5, andthat the brown color is a later adaptation.B.

28、 So do these caterpillarsC. Therefore, the color of the animals is brightD. We can say that they formed a good habitE. Desert animals are generally the color of the desertF. We may conclude that the habit of hiding themselves by day comes firstG. However, there are some cases where vivid colors are

29、themselves protectiveGl So the color of birds, snakes and even smaller animals, is of one uniform sand color四、短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）We are going to organizing a bicycle trip to our school farm this Sunday. It lie inthe western suburb, covering an area of about 50 acres. There are different kinds of

30、cattle raised and variety vegetables planted. The products are provided to a school canteen, where we can enjoy a healthy diet happy. On the farm you can combine that you have learned with practice to the fullest.You expected to arrive at the re at about 9 o ' clock. Remember: follows the worker

31、s and don ' t try to do anything strange to interest the animals or do damage to the plants during my visit.五、书面表达（共 25分）2022年北京-张家口冬奥会将如期在北京和张家口举行。为了确保冬奥会圆满 成功，组委会发起了志愿者招募活动。假如你是学生李华，希望能成为其中一员。 请按要求用英文给组委会写一封申请信，内容包括：1 .个人情况；2 .自身优势；3.服务承诺。general rule that the large caterpillars feed by night and hide by day, it is by no means注意：1.词数100左右;3 .可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；参考词汇：2022 北京-张家口 冬奥会 2022 Beijing-Zhangjiakou