2019高考英语状语从句专项讲解

1、2019高考英语状语从句专项讲解一、考点分析状语从句主要考点在语法填空、翻译和作文。二、专题详解状语从句梳理知识点1:分类状语从句是副词性从句，它在句子中担任状语，修饰主句的动词、形容词、副词 或句子。状语从句可以分为以下九种：1、时间状语从句2、地点状语从句3、原因状语从句4、目的状语从句5、结果状语从句6、条件状语从句7、方式状语从句8、让步状语从句9、比较状语从句知识点2:具体用法1）时间状语从句：连词例句说明when When I came into the room, he was writing a letter.when指的是某一具体 的时间”。当我进屋时，他正在写信。whene

2、ver指的是在任 We shall go there whenever we are free.我们什么时间内空，我们就去那里。何一个不具体的时间”。ks5uks5uKs5u.wheneverCom时间状ks5uks5uks5u语从句while While it was raining, they went out.正当"雨的时候时，他们出去了。 I stayed while he was away.他小在的时候而我在。(然而) All of us are working hard while he issleeping然而，并列连词)while指'在某一段时间 里”，在一期

3、间”，while引导的动作必须是持 续性的。as He hurried home, looking behind as he went.他赶快回豕，一边走 边向后看。 As time goes by, I like China better.随着时间的流逝，我越来越喜欢中国。as （ 一边，边 ）引导持续性动作，强调主句和 从句的动作同时发生；10.随着”before We had sailed 4 days before we saw land. It will be two years before he leaves this school. The tailor had measure

4、d me before I could get in a word .( 还没来得及就一) I finished my task before I went home.我做完作业才回家。 Be a pupil before you become a teacher.先做学生，再做先生。before的常用句式：肯定句：好久才”；否定句：不久就” 主语+had (not) done sth for something before It was (not) +一# 时间+ before .11.It will (not) be +时间 + before肯定：要过多久才”否定:不久就”第12页共15

5、页 主 句 +before sb.can(could) do '还没来得及就”afterHe arrived after the game started.比赛开始后，他到了。after在“之后"tilluntil We waited 皿(until)he came back .我们一直等到他回来。 She didn ' stop working until eleven o' clock .她到11点钟才停止工作。 Until he had passed out of sight, she stood there.她站在那里看着，直到看不见他的身影。12.如

6、主句动词是持续性动作，常用肯定式，表示 直到为止”；13.如主句动词是瞬间动 词，要用否定式。notuntil表示直到 才”在以前不”。如果从句放在句首表不强调，,般用 until。by也可以表示时间，意为到一为止，不晚于”sinceGreat changes have taken place in China since 1978.自从1978年以来中国发生了巨大的变 化。主句动词为持续性的，从句 动词为瞬间的。如果状语从句在主句之 前时一般用逗号与主句分 开；如果从句在主句之 后则不必用标点符号。as soon asHardly/scarcelyhad when As soon as I

7、arrive in Shanghai, I'to you.我L到上海就给你与信。 Hardly (scarcely) had I got homel writeirdly whe和 nosoonerthan的意义相当于 as soon as, 但只表小过ks5uks5uks5uNo sooner had than. the moment. the instant the second immediately directly instantly when it began to rain.我刚一到家就卜雨r。 No sooner had we got to the station th

8、an the train left.我们刚到车站，火车就走了。 We had just begun the moment we were told to stop.我们刚开始就被叫停。 I felt cheerful immediately I heard the song.我L听到这首歌就感到很愉快。去发生的事情，主句为过去完成时，从句为过去时，如hardly 或 no sooner 位于句首时语气强，而且主句的谓语要用部分倒装。名词短语连词：匕就”主句 + the moment 从句主句+the instant 从句主句 +the second 从句副词短语连词：主句 + immediat

9、ely + 从句主句+ directly +从句主句+ instantly+从句every time=each timelast time next time the first time by the time. Every time I traveled by boat, I got seasick.我每次乘船都晕船。 Last time we saw you, you were too thin.上次我们见到你的时候，你太瘦了。 Next time you come, bring your loved son.下次来的时候，带着你可爱的儿子。every time=each time每次；

10、每当”last time 上次next time 下次the first time 第一次by the time.至 1r时”如果在 时间、条件”状语从句中，主句已经是将来时， I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her.A次见面的时候，我就觉得她诚实善 良。 You will see by the time you receive the gift.收到礼物的时候你就知道了。那么从句就不能用将来时或过去将来时，们要用一般现在时或一般过去时代替将来时。2）地点状语从句和原因状语从句:因状语从句on duty.昨天我回来晚了，因为

11、我值班。题，语气最强一般放在主句之后。sinceSince everyone is here, let' s beginmeeting.既然大家都到了，我们开始开会。Cus ince表示既然或全已知的 理由，稍加分析即可表明的 原因，多放句首。as比较：并列连词for As he didn ' t know much English,he looked up the word in the dictionary.由于他英语懂得不多，他在字典中查阅这个单词。as引导的从句常放在句首， 说明次要的原因，主句说明 结果，常用于口语中。for连接的是并列句。 It must have

12、rained last night, for the ground is still wet.昨天一定卜过雨，地还湿呢。now that Now (that)the weather has cleared up, we can start our journey.considering that, seeing(that), now that 和 since 意seeingthat consideringthat .鉴于天气已经晴朗，我们可以启程了。 Seeing (that) he was badly ill, we sent for the doctor.鉴于他病情严重，我们派人去请医生去

13、了。义相似，都有鉴于某个事实”的意思，that可以省去。3)目的状语从句和结果状语从句:从连词例句说明句目的状语从句so thatin order thatlest = for fear that（二） I shall write down your telephone number so that I may not forget it.我要把你的电话号他记卜来，以免忘记。 Wd ll tell you the truth so that you can judge for yourself.我把真实情况告诉你，以便你能自己做出 判断。 They worked harder than usu

14、al in order that they could finish the work ahead of目的状语从句中常用情态动词 may (might) can (could),should 等 放在动词之前，从句 往往放在主句之后， 主从句之间不用任何 标点符号。注思：1.so that 和 in order that的从句与 so as to 和 in order to 可以转换(简单句)。2.lest后面常用虚拟 语气。time.他们比往常更加努力工作，为了能提前完成工作。 Put on more clothes lest (= for fear that )you should ca

15、tch a cold.多穿点衣服，以免患感冒。so that We turned up the radio, so that everyone heard the news.我们把收音机的音量放大，结果大家都听到了新闻。so that前后逗号为结果状语从句。sothat的so后面跟形容词或副词。结果状so that He was so excited that he couldn ' t say word.他十分激动，以致一句话都说不出来。a语such that He gave such important reasons that hesuch tha的勺 such 后从句was e

16、xcused.他说出了这么重要的理由，得到大家的谅 解。 It is such an interesting novel that all of us want to read it.= It is so interesting a novel that all of us want to read it.这是一本十分有意思的书，大家都想看。面跟名词，如果名词 是单数就要用such a/anthat还可以转换 用so- that,语气较 强。4）条件状语从句和方式状语从句:从连词例句说明句if Difficulties are nothing if we are not afraid ofun

17、less从句的谓them.语只能用肯定式。unless 和 if not义，条如果我们不怕困难，困难就算不了什么了。unlessunless是书面语，件 We shall go there tomorrow unless it rains.ifno是口语,通常状除非卜雨，否则我们明天就去那里。二者可以换用。语从条件状语从句中=We shall go there tomorrow if it does no train.as/so long as的谓语动词的时态一句 So long as you work hard, you will succeed.般要用现在时或过去只要你努力工作，你就一定能

18、成功。时代替一般将来时或in case In case I forget, please remind me about it.过去将来时。万一我忘了，请提醒我L下。so/as far as So far as I know, the book will be publishednext month.据我所知，那本书下月出版。once Once you decide to do something, you should try your best.一旦你决定做某件事情，你就应该全力以赴。方式状语从 句asas if=as though Draw a cat as I taught you y

19、esterday.按照我昨天教你的画只猫。 Do as you are told to.按照人家告诉你做的去做。 She looks as if she is ill.看上去她好像是生病了。 He acted as if (though) nothing had happened.他的行动就好像什么也没有发生。 They treat the black boy as if (though) he were an animal.他们对待这黑孩子仿佛他金 头牲口。此处as译为按 照”或芷如” as if 或 as though 的意义和用法基本一样。从句中可以用现 在时表示可能符合事 实，也可以用

20、虚拟语 气。同时也要注意跟 even if/though （即使， 尽管）的意义区别。5）让步状语从句和比较状语从句:从句连词例句说明thoughalthoughCD Although (Though) he was over sixty, (yet) he began to learn French.虽然他六十多岁了，但仍开始学习法语。 We were not tired though (although) we had在句子中一般用了'虽然”就不能再用 怛是"（but）但可以 与yet或still连用。though/although 意义不管谁为我处理这件事，我都将非常感

21、激。Wh-+ever (whatever whoever whenever whichever however)Whatever happens / may happen , we shall notlose heart.无论发生什么，我们都不要失去 OWhoever comes, he will be welcome.无论谁来，都会受到欢迎。Wh -+ ever从句中的动词有时可以和may连用。判断wh-+ ever引导的是让步状语从句坏是多词性从句的一点是：名词性从句， 主句中一定什-个成 分要在从句担任，一 般从句与主句之间没 有逗号。 /、可将 no matter 与 wh-+ eve

22、r连用。as asnot so/asas Mary is as old as my sister.玛利和我姐姐一样人。 He doesn ' t run so (as) fast as Jack (does).他不如杰克跑得那样快。连词表示向程度级的比较，肯定句用asa、s否定句可用not as as 或 notso a sthe sameassuch as His book is the same as mine.他的书和我的一样。 Henry is not such a good worker as Peter.享利这个工人不如彼得那样好。比than She has made gr

23、eater progress this year than表示不同程度之比较she did last year.较，主句中用比较级状 语从 句她今年比去年进步更大。 He bought fewer books than I (did).他买的书比我买的少。He runs less fast than me.他没有我跑得快。的形容词或副词。the more the more The more you read, the better you understand.你看的书越多，你懂得的就越多。 The more tickets you sell, the more money you will

24、get.你卖的票越多，你的收入也越多。 The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.你工作越努力，你取得的进步就 越大 themore themore意思为越-越-”，通常的语序为从句在 前主句在后，这两个the都是。表示程度的副词， 用在比较级的形容词或副词前卸。句子意思明显，句 子的主语和动词都可 省略。倍数的表达方式倍数 +as.as.+主+谓倍数+比较级+than+主+谓倍数 +the+n(size, length, width)+of+ 主 +谓句型结构中倍数都是在最前四的，后面会用到原级、比较级以及名词和句子。倍数

25、+what.+主+谓练习1. difficulties we may come across in carrying out this plan, we ll work together to over2. My grandparents have developed a habit of taking a walk after dinner every day except it rains.3. _the volunteers have to consider their own problems ， they are still encouraged by the spirit.4. t

26、here is water nearby, make a special effort to breed fish.5. Man must keep in mind that it will be years the earth recovers from the damage he makes to it.6. You are sure to be successful in the job market you make yourself better known to the interviewer.7. Jimmy came back early last night. It was

27、not yet eight o clock he got home.8. I ve already told you that I m going to buy a new iPadh, i_t _c_os_t_s.muc9. Facing a beggar, I may feel this poor person needs help, and the need will not be met I put my hand inmy pocket now.10. Charlotte assured Tony that they could easily find the restaurant

28、she was familiar with the area.11. the robbery was committed, the police began searching for the criminals.12. We firmly believe that the project, carried out according to the plan, will definitely work out well.13. The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the d

29、ay, accompanied byan adult.14. you ve tried it, you can t imagine how tasty the fish I cooked is.15. It is five years she began to take up raising flowers, and she s got a lot of experience inthem more attractive.16. If you want to do the experiment again, you'd better be more carefulyou made a

30、mistake.17. Such an educational programme can teach students how to make positive choices having faced withconflict.18. It is recommended that the exploration team take with them an extra set of equipment unexpected emergency occurs.19. Most probably it will be another 7 hours you can have next meal

31、, so each of you must have yourstomach full.20. the doctors tried every means, the 2-year-old girl who survived in the Indiana Hurricane（ 飓风 ）finally gave up and joined her parents in heaven.21. The man won't be sent to prison he does volunteer work in the community for at least twoyears.22. you

32、 are in a speech contest or you are giving a talk in class, a little preparation will make yourpresentation organized and dynamic.Keys:1. Whatever2. when3. Even if4. Where 5. before6. once 7. when8. however9. unless10. because 11. As soon as 12. if13. unless 14. Unless15. since 16.where 17. when 18.

33、 in case 19. before 20. Although21. on condition that 22. Whether（二）1. After a few months, we did not complain about homework anymorewe knew that our teachers workedharder than we did.2. To give our thanks, we wrote a big card to the teachers it was teachers day.3. Later the family settled on Philip

34、 s Island south of Melbourne Hemsworth enjoyed surfing.5. The man took off, but instead of running out of the back door he came in, he accidentally ran into thegarage and was seized there.6. The contest is the first national championship in the US, Canadian filmmaker, Albert Nerenberg, haspreviously

35、 organized national laughing contests in Canada and Japan and a state championship in California back in 2010.7. The final straw came in July I had decided to focus on commercial modeling 8. You may not think they are related in any possible way, but scientists say that the extreme cold started in t

36、he North Pole, where the sea ice is melting rapidlythe burning of fossil fuels.9. Do you, like a teacher or an expert in a field, wish to illustrate your ideas in detail to people unfamiliar with your subject they can understand your ideas clearly and thoroughly?10. Furthermore, talented the speaker

37、 is, a talk without enough preparation is usually a failure.11. You just smile everything is fine.12. But I could reach it, one of my feet caught in something soft and I fell down.13. the day of the party came near, Merlin began to think how to make a grand entrance at the party.14. However,she love

38、d teaching; in 1946 Mother Teresa left the school and went to work in the poor partsof Calcutta.15. Mother Teresa is now a well-known person. Many photos have been taken of her, she travels aroundthe world to open new schools and hospitals in poor countries.16. For month after month an animal may tr

39、y to bite you every time you approach its cage, you despair ofever making a favorable impression on it.17. Like high-voltage （ 高电压 ） transformers, heroes take the energy of higher powers and step it down it can be used by ordinary people.18. the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own

40、fame, they may be famous persons but notheroes.19. much they earned, it never seemed to be enough.20. It was several years Alan and Linda managed to land on their feet, and though they now live a lifefar from wealthy, they have learned a valuable lesson from their lives and felt quite blessed.21. “ It really made a difference we were going under financially.”22. In New York, “ I m having a dinner party ” means “ I m booking a table for 12 at a restaurant you can h afford and we llbe sharing the check evenly, you eat. ” believe that taking a min