五年级上册英语语法知识汇总

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上五年级上册英语语法知识汇总(一)一、名词复数规则 1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives 5不规则名词复数： man-men, woma

2、n-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanes二、（一）一般现在时的构成 1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如： I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如： We study English.我们学习英语。 当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要

3、在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。 如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。 （二）一般现在时的变化 1. be动词的变化。 否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。 如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。 如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?2.行为动词的变化。 否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。

4、 如： I don't like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如： He doesn't often play. 一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如： - Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。 如： - Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。

5、如：How does your father go to work?动词+s的变化规则 1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks 2以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies三、现在进行时 1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。

6、4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。 5现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词ing? 但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词不达意 + be + 动词ing? 动词加ing的变化规则 1一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking 2以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting 3如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping练习：1、写出下列各词的复数 I _him _this _her _watch _child _

7、photo _ diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _box_strawberry _thief _yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich_ man_ woman_ paper_ juice_ water_ milk_ rice_ tea_ 2、写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ carry _ come_ watch_ plant_ fly _ study_ brush_ do_ teach_ pass_ 3、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1.） He often

8、 _(have) dinner at home. 2. ）Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One. 3. ）We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. ）Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 4、写出下列动词的现在分词： play_ run_ swim _make_go_ like_ write_ ski_ read_ have_ sing _ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _ get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_ 二、用所给的

9、动词的正确形式填空： 1. The boy _ ( draw)a picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls _ (sing) in the classroom. 3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now. 4. What _ you _ ( do ) now? 5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .人称代词和物主代词 要点归纳： 一主格 ( I you he she it we you they )1. 在句子中可以作主语，放于句首，后接动词。 (1) _ am a stude

10、nt. (2) _ comes from China , but _ comes from American. (3) _ is my aunt.二宾格 ( me you him her it us you them ) 1. 在句子中可以作宾语，用于句尾，动词之后。 (1) The boy in the photo is _. (2) Let _ to play football. (3) We often go to visit _. 2. 在句子中可以作宾语，用于句尾，介词之后。 (1) The pen of _ is the same with _. (2) Come with _.

11、(3) The teacher wants you to return that book of _. 3. 人称代词作表语时,一般用宾格,特别是在日常会话中。 “Who is knocking at the door? ” “It's _. ” -“谁在敲门?” -“是我。”三形容词性物主代词 ( my your his her it our your their ) 1. 形容词性物主代词一般位于名词前，用作定语，限定该名词的意义。 (1) _ book is over there. (2) I ate all _ sandwiches yesterday. (3) Tell To

12、m not to forget _ book. 四名词性物主代词 ( mine yours his hers its ours yourrs theirs) 1. 名词性物主代词在句中独立使用，即不后接名词，其句法作用相当于一个 名词,即“形容词性物主代词+名词”。 (1) My bag is bigger than _. =My bag is bigger than _ _. (2) _ is a great country. 我们的国家是一个伟大的国家。（用 作主语，一般用于正式文体） (3) I forgot to bring my dictionary. Could I use _?

13、我忘了 带词典，我可以用一下你的吗？（用作动词的宾语） (4) He wasnt in my room. He might be in _. 他（刚才）不在 我的房间。他可能在自己的房间。（用作介词的宾语） (5) Whose book is this? Its _. 这是谁的书？是她的。(6) Jack is a friend of _. 杰克是我的一个朋友。（用于双重所有格） 2.名词性物主代词用作主语时，谓语动词的数应随所指者的数而定。 (1)Is this pencil _ or _? Its _. Hers is in her bag. (Hers = Her pencil) -这支

14、铅笔是你的还是她的？是我的。她的铅笔在她包里。 3用于of后面。 He visited a friend of _ yesterday.一般现在时练习: 一般现在时：表示经常性的事情。 时间状语ofte经常,usuall通常, always总是， every每个, sometimes有时， at在几点钟 只有第三人称单数用动词三单，其余动词均用原形 1. We often_(play) in the playgound. 2. He _(get) up at six oclock. 3. _you _(brush) your teeth every morning. 4. What _ (do

15、) he usually (do) after school? 5. _Danny_ (study) English,Chinese,Maths,Science and Art in school. 6. _Mike sometimes_ (go) to the park with his sister?7. At eight at night, she _(watch) TV with his parents. 8. _ Mike_(read) English every day? 9. How many lessons_ your classmate_ (have) on Monday?

16、10. What time_ his mother_(do) the housework? 现在进行时练习: 现在进行时：表示现在进行的动作句子结构：be+动词ing 时间状语：now, look, listen，Its o clck,1. What are you _ (do) now? I _ (eat) bread. 2. Its nine oclock. My father_ (work) in the office. 3.Look, the boy_(put) the rubbish into the bin. 4._he_(clean) the classroom? No, he

17、isnt. He_(play). 5.Where is Mak? He_(run) on the grass. 6.Listen, who_(sing)in the music room? Oh,Mary_(sing) there.many+可数名词复数，much+不可数名词 some、any后面既可以加可数名词复数，也可以加不可数名词 some用于肯定句和表示请求及建议的一般疑问句（Would you like/ Can（May/Could） I .？） 例如：（1）I'd like some apples. （2） There is some water in the glass.

18、 （3） Would you like some tea？ May I have some noodles？ any用于否定句和疑问句 例如：（1）I dont have any notebooks. （2）I dont have any soup for lunch. （3）Do you have any sisters? Is there any Coke?7、情态动词：can，could，may，would，should，have to，has to，后面必须加动词原形。 例如： I can swim. I have to eat vegetables. 祈使句用动词原形。表示请求、命令

19、等句子叫祈使句。它的主语是听话人（you），一般不需要说出来。通常以动词原形开头。 如：Let's go to school. Open the door，please.8、冠词 a 、an、the 不定冠词（a、an），表示泛指，a+辅音，如 a young man， a university student an+元音，如 an e-mail， an active girl，an interesting book 定冠词（the），表示特指、世界上独一无二的东西，如the sun，the Great Wall（注：there be不与the连接）9、时间介词 in，on，at in+一段时间：年份；季节；月份；上午、下午、晚上 on+具体时间：X月X日；星期几；节假日 at+时间点：at noon，at night，几点钟（at 7 oclock；at 7:30） 10、 play+体育项目，如play football，play chess，play sports，play basketball play + the + 乐器，如play the pi