2022年中考英语复习：17个重点核心词汇详解(B开头）

1、 2022年中考英语复习：17个重点核心词汇详解（B开头）1. background n. 背景关联词组：education background教育背景；family background家庭背景；background music背景音乐用法：既可以指图画、舞台等的实体背景，也可以表示某个人的出身背景、学历等。（江苏卷，短文填空）I had a t 48 education background. I went to public schools, received normal (常规的) education and was required to follow r 49 like eve

2、ry other student.2. basic adj.基本的，基础的关联词组：basic information基本信息词性转换：basis n.基础；basically adv.基本上，主要地（北京卷，阅读D）32. The word "collapse" in Paragraph 5 probably means “_”.A a sudden failureB. the basic ruleC. a disappointing startD. the gradual development3. beatvt.敲打；打败；vi.跳动；n.节拍词形变化：过去式beat

3、；过去分词beaten关联词组：beat the drum打鼓；be beaten by sb.被某人打了；输给了某人（湖南卷，语篇翻译）Do you enjoy hitting the books? It doesnt mean you enjoy beating your books with your hand.4. beginv. 开始，着手词形变化：过去式began；过去分词begun；现在分词beginning关联词组：begin with以开始，开始于用法：begin doing sth.和begin to do sth.都表示“开始做某事“，它们的区别：begin doing强

4、调事情的持续性。例如：He began smoking three years ago.他三年前开始抽烟（强调一种持续的习惯）。begin to do表示一件事情的开端，持续与否不重要。例如：Its beginning to rain, wed better hurry up.开始下雨了，我们最好快点。同义词：start词性转换：beginning n.起初，开始：in the beginning=at first起初，开始；at the beginning of在的开头；from beginning to end从开始到结束（浙江卷，完形）I began making new friends

5、. I developed my own _23_ and never again followed the crowd.23. A. skillsB. habitsC. projectsD. opinions5. behaviourn. 行为，举止美式拼写：behavior关联词组：good/bad behaviour良好/恶劣行为词性转换：behave v.表现，举止（湖南卷，阅读A）49According to Patrick, what is more important?AManaging schools by uniforms.BImproving students behavio

6、rs.CHelping students express themselves confidently.6. believev. 相信，认为关联词组：believe it or not信不信由你；it is (widely) believed that人们（普遍）认为用法：believe是状态动词，通常不用于进行时态。believe sb.相信某人说的话；believe in sb.相信某人的人品；believe in sth.信仰；believe还可以接that或者wh-从句。可以用I believe so或I believe not作为对问题的肯定或否定回答。（山东卷，单项填空）20. A

7、 recent survey shows that 44 percent of Americans want to use self-driving cars, _ 34 percent believe that they will make the roads more dangerous.A. although B. because C. if7. besideprep. 在旁边，靠近近义词：near，next to易混单词：besides prep.除以外（还有）；adv.此外，而且（江苏卷，阅读表达） I go for long runs and bike rides beside t

8、he beach. An hour of exercise after a long day of writing gives me energy.（浙江卷，完形）Mrs. Chaplin managed to _1_ her children, her own with the money she made as a singer._2_, their economic(经济的) situation changed when she became ill with laryngitis(喉炎) in 1894.1. A. supportB. leaveC. askD. face2. A. A

9、lthoughB. SoC. HoweverD. Besides8. beyondprep. （表示位置）在的那边关联词组：beyond reach够不着用法：beyond通常用作介词用，表示位置，意思是“在的那一边；在之外；在更远处”。例如： What lies beyond the mountains?山的那一边有什么？ The sea is beyond that hill.大海在山的那边。（江苏卷，完形）Why is Song He Lou so special _14_ hundreds of restaurants?14. A. betweenB. againstC. amongD

10、. beyond9. birthn.出生，诞生关联词组：give birth to生下；date/year of birth出生日期/年份；place of birth出生地关联词汇：birthday n.生日；born：be born in/on出生于某年/某天；be动词要求使用过去式形式。（江苏卷，阅读B）24. According to Paragraph 1, cakes and ice-cream are mentioned to describe _.A. the birth of chickensB. the difference between themC. the use o

11、f eggsD. the way of keeping them10. blindadj. 瞎的，失明的；盲目的关联词组：go/become blind眼瞎，失明；colour blind色盲；blind date相亲词性转换：blindly adv. 盲目地；blindness n.失明，盲目（湖北卷，完形）A blind man has no idea of day and night, cant 44 the beauty of nature, or even doesn't know what the light is. 44. A. hear B. enjoy C. touc

12、h D. play11. blowv. 吹，吹气；刮风词形变化：过去式blew，过去分词blown关联词组：blow up爆炸；blow off吹落，吹掉；blow out吹灭，吹熄；blow down吹倒 （山东卷，阅读C）Also, wind doesnt blow all the time, so we cant use wind power all the time.12. borrowv. 借，（向别人）借用关联词组：borrow sth from sb. 向某人借某物反义词：lend v.借出，借给：lend sth. to sb=lend sb. sth.把某物借给某人（山东卷，

13、阅读表达）Could you help me pick out some new clothes? Would you mind if I borrowed your bike? Can you look after my apartment while Im away?13. breakv. 打破（断、碎）；损坏；违背词形变化：过去式broke，过去分词broken关联词组：break ones arm/leg摔断胳膊/腿；break the law违法；break down分解，发生故障；break up打碎，分手（with sb.）；break into破门而入；break off折断熟

14、词僻义：break n.间歇，休息；中断：take/have a break休息一下（山东卷，动词应用） The police said that both Liu and Ran had broken criminal law by seriously endangering (危及) public safety.14. breathn.呼吸，气息关联词组：out of breath喘不上气；take a deep breath深呼吸；hold ones breath屏住呼吸；take ones breath away使人大吃一惊，令人叹绝词性转换：breathe v.呼吸 breathle

15、ss adj.上气不接下气的（浙江卷，语法填空） As he coughed and struggled to breathe, he jumped up and _56_, screaming: “Ah! Ah! Ah!”15. buildv.建筑，造词形变化：过去式built，过去分词built关联词组：build up增进，加强名词：building n.建筑物，房屋，大楼（北京卷，完形）And moments of failure like this build _20_ since then Ive learned to face disappointment and grown s

16、tronger.20. A. trustB. prideC. characterD. support16. burnv.着火，燃烧；使晒黑词形变化：过去式burned或burnt，过去分词burned或burnt关联词组：burn out烧尽，燃尽（浙江卷，语法填空） However, as soon as he started eating, his mouth began _54_ (burn), his eyes began to water, and his whole face became as red _55_ the fruit.17. businessn.生意；商业；业务关联词组：business card名片；do business做生意；none of ones business不归某人管，与某人无关关联单词：bus