爱伦坡To Helen 赏析（课堂PPT）

1、.1To HelenTo Helen（致海伦）（致海伦）-By -By Edgar Allan PoeEdgar Allan Poe埃德加埃德加爱伦爱伦坡坡 .21, The Author2, Translation of the poemThe 4 parts about our workThe 4 parts about our work3, Stylistic Appreciation4, Exercises.3Edgar Allan Poe.4Edgar Allan Poe Edgar Allan Poe was an American author, poet, editor and

2、 literary critic, considered part of the American Romantic Movement. Best known for his tales of mystery and the macabre, Poe was one of the earliest American practitioners of the short story and is generally considered the inventor of the detective fiction genre. He is further credited with contrib

3、uting to the emerging genre of science fiction.5II. Major Works: Poetry: 1 The Raven (1844) 乌鸦乌鸦2 Annabel Lee 安娜贝尔丽安娜贝尔丽3 The Sleeper 睡美人4 A Dream Within a Dream 梦中梦5 Israfel伊斯拉菲尔6 The Bells 钟7 Sonnet To Science 十四行诗-致科学8 To Helen 献给海伦献给海伦9 The City in the Sea 海中的城市.6Short stories 1 MS. Found in a B

4、ottle (1833) 瓶中手稿 2 Tales of the Grotesque and the Arabesque (1839) 荒诞奇异的故事 3 The Murders in the Rue Morgue (1841) 毛格街血案 4 The Fall of the House of Usher 厄舍古屋的倒塌 5 The Cask of Amontillado 一桶白葡萄酒 6 Ligeia 丽姬娅 7 The Purloined Letter 窃信案.7The bakeground information of the poem Poe wrote To Helen as a r

5、eflection on Poe wrote To Helen as a reflection on the beauty of the beauty of Mrs.Jane Stith StanardMrs.Jane Stith Stanard who who died in 1824.She was the mother of one died in 1824.She was the mother of one of Poeof Poes school classmates,who is said to s school classmates,who is said to have urg

6、ed him to write poetry,and she have urged him to write poetry,and she was Poewas Poes frist real love.s frist real love. 在中学时代，在中学时代，爱伦爱伦. .坡坡曾经热切地眷恋过一位同学的母曾经热切地眷恋过一位同学的母亲，一个温柔娴静、知书达理的女人，而这个女人在亲，一个温柔娴静、知书达理的女人，而这个女人在三十一岁死于脑瘤，无疑给爱伦三十一岁死于脑瘤，无疑给爱伦坡幼小的心灵刻上了坡幼小的心灵刻上了终生难愈的创伤。终生难愈的创伤。 .8To Helen Helen, thy

7、 beauty is to meLike those Nicean barks of yore,犹如尼西亚远古的帆船犹如尼西亚远古的帆船，海伦，你的美在我眼里海伦，你的美在我眼里 long ago.9Helen: 海伦是海伦是宙斯和勒达的女儿宙斯和勒达的女儿, ,是是希腊神话中的绝世美女，是希腊希腊神话中的绝世美女，是希腊南部斯巴达国国王南部斯巴达国国王 Menelaus的妻子，的妻子，特洛伊的王子特洛伊的王子Paris贪恋她的美貌，贪恋她的美貌，在爱与美之神在爱与美之神Aphrodite的帮助下，的帮助下，把把Helen诱拐了。诱拐了。Menelaus当时出当时出远门了，回来得知后大怒，发誓

8、要远门了，回来得知后大怒，发誓要血洗血洗Troy。就这样两国展开了十年。就这样两国展开了十年之久的战争，双方死伤无数，最后之久的战争，双方死伤无数，最后希腊采用了希腊采用了“木马计木马计”the Trojan Horse,战胜了战胜了Troy，杀死，杀死了了Paris，抢回了，抢回了Helen。 Nican:尼西亚，小亚细亚旧都。尼西亚，小亚细亚旧都。 barks: small sailing vessels 帆船帆船 .10To HelenThe weary, way-worn wanderer boreThat gently, oer a perfumed sea,To his own n

9、ative shore.在芬芳的海上慢慢行驶，在芬芳的海上慢慢行驶，载着疲惫的漫游者，载着疲惫的漫游者，驶向他的故土。驶向他的故土。.11To HelenOn desperate seas long wont to roam,Thy hyacinth hair, thy classic face,你美丽的头发，典雅的面容，你美丽的头发，典雅的面容，在漂泊已久，波涛汹涌的海上，在漂泊已久，波涛汹涌的海上，violent, dangerouscurly, twistedaccustomed.12hyacinth：风信子原产于地中海和南非，其名得自希腊神话中受太阳神阿波罗宠眷、并被其所掷铁饼误伤而死

10、的美少年雅辛托斯。.13To HelenThy Naiad airs have brought me home And the grandeur that was Rome. To the glory that was Greece, 和罗马的辉煌。和罗马的辉煌。天仙般的神采，使我联想天仙般的神采，使我联想古希腊的荣光，古希腊的荣光，仙女仙女.14 Naiad （水中仙女）古希腊神话中的水泉之神，住在河滩、湖泊、泉水中，被描写成美丽、天真、快乐和仁爱的形象 。.15To HelenLo ! in yon brilliant window-niche How statue-like I see

11、thee stand, 我看见你雕像般伫立，我看见你雕像般伫立，看！那边明亮的窗户，看！那边明亮的窗户，lookyonder窗户窗户.16To HelenThe agate lamp within thy hand!Are Holy-Land !Ah, Psyche, from the regions which 玛瑙灯提在手里！玛瑙灯提在手里！哦，普塞克仙女，哦，普塞克仙女，你来自圣地！你来自圣地！玛瑙玛瑙 In classical legend Psyche, the lover of Cupid, was a woman so beautiful that thegoddess Venu

12、s was jealous of her. .17 Psyche（普赛克）在希腊神话中，在希腊神话中，普赛克普赛克公主，美丽绝伦。他是爱神公主，美丽绝伦。他是爱神厄洛斯厄洛斯之妻，之妻，厄洛斯厄洛斯禁止她看见自己的模样，而禁止她看见自己的模样，而普赛克普赛克因好奇在夜晚举灯看丈夫的模样，灯油滴因好奇在夜晚举灯看丈夫的模样，灯油滴到爱神脸上唤醒了他，普塞克因此被丈夫到爱神脸上唤醒了他，普塞克因此被丈夫逐出家门。逐出家门。.18海伦，你的美貌于我海伦，你的美貌于我 似古尼西亚人的远帆船，似古尼西亚人的远帆船，轻轻飘过芬芳的海面，轻轻飘过芬芳的海面，让旅途劳顿的游子，让旅途劳顿的游子，回到他故乡的岸

13、边。回到他故乡的岸边。在漂泊已久、波涛汹涌的海上，在漂泊已久、波涛汹涌的海上，你风信子般的头发、古典的脸庞，你风信子般的头发、古典的脸庞，和尼厄神殿的风采已带我回家乡，和尼厄神殿的风采已带我回家乡，回到罗马曾经的伟大，回到罗马曾经的伟大，和希腊曾经的荣光。和希腊曾经的荣光。瞧！彼处辉煌龛盒里瞧！彼处辉煌龛盒里你，恰似雕像，伫立，你，恰似雕像，伫立，玛瑙灯儿手中提！玛瑙灯儿手中提！呵！赛琪，来自呵！赛琪，来自仙土圣地！仙土圣地！.19Stylistic Appreciation .20 1 1、rhyme schemerhyme scheme韵律美韵律美 整首诗大体遵循四步抑扬格格律，一整首诗大

14、体遵循四步抑扬格格律，一反传统诗歌五步抑扬格的格律，读起来有反传统诗歌五步抑扬格的格律，读起来有种别样的美感。该诗的韵式种别样的美感。该诗的韵式ABABB , ABABB , CDCDC , EFFEF.CDCDC , EFFEF.e.g. Ae.g. Ame Cme Croam Eroam Enicheniche B Byore Dyore Dface Fface Fstandstand A Asea Csea Chome Fhome Fhandhand B Bbore Dbore DGreece EGreece Ewhichwhich B Bshore Cshore CRome FRome

15、 Fandand 第一诗节中押尾韵的单词为第一诗节中押尾韵的单词为me, yore, me, yore, sea, bore, shore; sea, bore, shore; 第二节中为第二节中为roam, roam, face, home, Greece, Rome.face, home, Greece, Rome.211）alliteration首韵首韵 第一节中的第一节中的Weary，way-worn，Wanderer,都是以都是以w开头的单词。开头的单词。诗人通过头韵将水手的疲惫形象活灵活现地展现出来诗人通过头韵将水手的疲惫形象活灵活现地展现出来.第二节中的第二节中的glory，Gr

16、eece，grandeur; 第三节中的第三节中的Statue-like，stand等。等。2）simile明喻明喻 第一节第一句第一节第一句“Thy beauty is to me like those Nicean barks of yore”海伦的美有如往日尼西亚的三桅船海伦的美有如往日尼西亚的三桅船”，乍一看去，三桅船并非常，乍一看去，三桅船并非常见的美的喻体，但在爱伦坡看来，两者的共通之处在于它们都能将疲惫见的美的喻体，但在爱伦坡看来，两者的共通之处在于它们都能将疲惫的水手带回家乡。的水手带回家乡。 第三节第二行第三节第二行How statue-like I see thee sta

17、nd.224 4）synecdochesynecdoche提喻提喻 在第二节诗人以在第二节诗人以the glory that the glory that was Greece and the grandeur that was Greece and the grandeur that was Rome was Rome 这一古典美的典型部分用来这一古典美的典型部分用来代表欧洲古典美这一整体。代表欧洲古典美这一整体。3 3）punpun双关双关 第二节中第二节中have brought me homehave brought me home则是则是双关，既表示双关，既表示“把我带回家把我带回家

18、”，也表示深，也表示深层含义层含义“使我明白并感受到使我明白并感受到”。.235 5）symbolismsymbolism象征象征 通过对希腊神话中两个青春通过对希腊神话中两个青春美丽的神女美丽的神女HelenHelen和和PsychePsyche的顿呼，的顿呼，讴歌了女性之美。希腊神话中，讴歌了女性之美。希腊神话中，海伦因其倾国倾城之美而引起持海伦因其倾国倾城之美而引起持续十年的特洛伊战争，而赛琪是美续十年的特洛伊战争，而赛琪是美少年艾洛斯（丘比特）所钟情的少少年艾洛斯（丘比特）所钟情的少女，也是青春纯情少女的象征。作女，也是青春纯情少女的象征。作者借用者借用HelenHelen和和Psyc

19、hePsyche这两个象征来这两个象征来影射其心目中所推崇的对象影射其心目中所推崇的对象Ms.StanardMs.Stanard，把倾国倾城的古典美，把倾国倾城的古典美神神HelenHelen和和 PsychePsyche作为作为Ms.StanardMs.Stanard的化身，把对的化身，把对Ms.StanardMs.Stanard真挚的爱真挚的爱表现得淋漓尽致。表现得淋漓尽致。.243. the beauty of 3. the beauty of image image 意象美意象美 爱伦爱伦坡大量的运用意象坡大量的运用意象（imageimage），即用具体的形象或画面），即用具体的形象或

20、画面表达作者在理智和情感方面的体会。表达作者在理智和情感方面的体会。动觉意象（动觉意象（kinaesthetic imagekinaesthetic image）：）：本诗第一节本诗第一节bore, bore, 第二节的第二节的roam roam 都都给读者强烈的跳跃动感。给读者强烈的跳跃动感。视觉意象（视觉意象（VisualimageVisualimage）：）：本诗第二节本诗第二节Thy hyacinth hairThy hyacinth hair，第三节的第三节的brilliant window-nichebrilliant window-niche和和The agate lamp Th

21、e agate lamp 直接作用于我们直接作用于我们的视觉。的视觉。嗅觉意象（嗅觉意象（Olfactory imageOlfactory image）：）：用用perfumed sea perfumed sea 作用于我们的嗅觉。作用于我们的嗅觉。.25How does the poem illustrate Poes definition of poetry as “rhythmic creation of beauty”?As is typical with many of Poes poems, the rhythm and rhyme scheme of To Helen is ir

22、regular but musical in sound. The poem consists of three stanzas of five lines each.The first stanza, which mainly describes the beautiful appearance of Helen, is ending up with the rhyme ABABB; as it goes to the second stanza, in which we can see Greece and Rome, mainly illustrates the beauty insid

23、e and it ends up with the rhyme ABABA; as for the third stanza, Poe extend to another figure of beauty, Psyche, to express his pursuit of beauty. Poe uses soothing, positive words and rhythms to create a fitting tone and atmosphere for the poem. His concluding image is that of light, with a brillian

24、t window niche and the agate lamp suggesting the glowing of the Holy Land, for which Helen is the beacon. .26Is Poes mind journey from Mrs. Stannard to Helen of Troy to ancient Greece and Rome meaningful?Its meaningful.As we know, Mrs. Stannard is the original impetus, and in the poem, Poe uses the feeling abo