市语法分词公开课

1、 -by Xu Wen yanSuzhou No.5 High School八滩中学高二英语备课组八滩中学高二英语备课组非谓语Infinitive 不定式不定式 (to) do Participle分词分词Gerund 动名词（动名词（-ing)a swimming pool过去分词过去分词(-ed)Past particle现在分词现在分词(-ing)Present participlea swimming boy非谓语动词分类动词动词-ing形式形式成分成分形式形式主语主语 宾语宾语宾宾补补表表语语定定语语状语状语不定式不定式动名词动名词分词分词必备清单必备清单非谓语动词的句法功能归纳非谓

2、语动词的句法功能归纳现在分词与过去分词现在分词与过去分词 的区别的区别非谓语动词复习非谓语动词复习1.People who are very fat_(consume) unusally large quantities of food every day.2.People _(consume) unusallylarge quantities of food every day are very fat.3.The TV show , Chinas Got Talent, has a large audience, _(range) from children to old people.

3、.4.The dish _(taste) delicious is liked by everyone.5.The amount of water _(take) from the river is rising.6.There was a _(confuse) look on his face, because he met with a_(confuse) problem. 分词做定语分词做定语consumeconsumingrangingtastingtakenconfusedconfusing现在分词作定语表示动作现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生正在发生或与谓语动作同或与谓语动作同时（或

4、基本同时）发生，与所修饰的词是时（或基本同时）发生，与所修饰的词是主动关主动关系或主谓关系系或主谓关系及物动词的过去分词作定语表及物动词的过去分词作定语表完成或被动完成或被动的动作，的动作，与所修饰的词是与所修饰的词是被动关系或动宾关系被动关系或动宾关系；不及物动；不及物动词的过去分词作定语词的过去分词作定语只表完成不表被动只表完成不表被动的动作。的动作。 落叶：落叶：the fallen leaves 1)The problem _(discuss) now is of great importance. 2)The problem _(discuss) yesterday is of gr

5、eat importance. 3)The problem _(discuss) tomorrow is of great importance. Exercisesbeing discusseddiscussedto be discussed注意时态的选择注意时态的选择分词做表语分词做表语 The book is so interesting that we are interested in it.The boy was disappointing.His parents felt disappointed.amazed / amazing, excited / exciting, bor

6、ed / boring, annoyed / annoying, interested / interesting, tired / tiring,surprised / surprising, worried/ worrying , satisfied / satisfying amused / amusing , convinced/convincing , puzzled/puzzingconfused/ confusing, embarrassed/ embarrassing disappointed/disappointing , shocked/ shocking现在现在分词多表示

7、主语所具有的分词多表示主语所具有的特征特征或或属性属性；过去过去分分词多表示主语所处的词多表示主语所处的状态状态。现在分词表示。现在分词表示“令人令人的的”，过去分词表示，过去分词表示“感到感到”.常见的分词有：常见的分词有：（跟在系动词后（跟在系动词后:be/stay/remain/become/feel/get）get+done You will get punished some day. 总有一天你会受到惩罚的。总有一天你会受到惩罚的。We had no time to get changed, because there were only five minutes left.迷路迷

8、路 _ 穿衣服穿衣服_测试测试 _ 分手分手_习惯于习惯于_ 遭受遭受_得到报酬得到报酬_ 得到提拔得到提拔_get stuck in_get lostget dressedget testedget separatedget used toget caught inget paidget promoted陷入了陷入了 1.The 2008 Olympic Games held in Beijing turned out to be a great success.Everyone was _(satisfied/satisfying) with efforts that the Chines

9、e government made.2. Many people were_(shocking/shocked) when scientists announced that they had cloned the first human embryo.3.It was _(encouraging/ encouraged) to see the Chinese womens volleyball team overcome all kinds of difficulties to win their match.4.Please remain _(seat) until the plane h

10、as come to a complete stop. 5.The boy remained_(sit) when the teacher came in .6.While waiting for the opportunity to get _(promote), she did her best to perform his duty.选择恰当的词或用所给词的适当形式填空选择恰当的词或用所给词的适当形式填空seatedsittingpromoted取决于分词与宾语的关系：取决于分词与宾语的关系：主动主动关系，用关系，用doing被动被动关系，用关系，用done。 例如例如1.I found

11、 them painting the windows. 2. I found the windows painted. 主动关系主动关系被动关系被动关系（现在分词表（现在分词表主动、进行主动、进行）（过去分词表（过去分词表被动、完成被动、完成）分词做宾语补足语分词做宾语补足语1)I often saw Mary _ (dance) in the gym .Mary was often seen _ (dance)in the gym.2)I saw Mary _ (dance) in the gym at that time.Mary was seen _(dance) in the gym

12、at that time3)I saw Mary _ (praise) by her teacher in the classroom.Mary was seen _ (praise) by her teacher in the classroom.感官动词：感官动词：see, hear, feel, ,notice, observe.+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语_danceto dancedancingdancingpraisedpraised（do/doing/done)比较下列句子比较下列句子:1)He often has/gets me _/_(clean) the blackbo

13、ard.2)They have the fire _ (burn) all night. 3)The weather was very cold, he couldnt get his car_(run)4)He had his house _(break) into last week.5)Who did Mr Smith have /get_/_(write) an article for the newspaper.cleanto cleanburningrunningbrokenwriteto writedodoingdoneto do doingdone归纳归纳have +宾语宾语+

14、宾语补足语（宾语补足语（_/_/_）get+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语_/_/_）用所给词的适当形式填空：用所给词的适当形式填空：1)He left the room, leaving the food_(untouch)He left the fire_(burn) all the night. 2)Im so sorry to keep you _(wait）.The story kept me _(remind) of the past.3)They made their child_(study) late.We make the customers _(convince) of

15、the quality of the products.4)They caught him _ (cheat) in the mid-term examination.5)The cook was caught _(smoke) in the kitchen. 6)I found the dog _(tie) to the tree. I found the dog _(lie) on the ground.untouchedburingstudyconvincedwaitingremindedcheatingsmokingtiedlying请归纳请归纳 leave / keep /make

16、/ catch / find 后接宾语后接宾语+宾语补足语的用法：宾语补足语的用法：With +宾语宾语+宾补的独立结构：宾补的独立结构：1）With him solving so many difficult problems, he could travel with his wife.2）With so many difficult problems solved, he could travel with his wife.3）With so many difficult problems to solve, he couldnt travel with his wife.用所给词的适

17、当形式填空：用所给词的适当形式填空：1)-Come on, please give me some ideas about the project. -Sorry, with so much work_(fill) my mind, I almost break down2) -Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.-Sorry, with my mind _(fill) with so much work, I almost break down3)With a lot of readings _ (complete), I

18、 must make a good plan. 4)He had to come back home with his money_/_/_(用光）用光）fillingfilledto completerunning out run out otused up1）We have to take environmental protection into consideration_ (当发展经济的时候当发展经济的时候) the economy 2)_(由于不知道由于不知道)what to do ,Tom turned to his teacher for help.3)The earthqua

19、ke happened around mid- might ,thus _(造成）造成）much damage.4)_（如果沿着街道直走）（如果沿着街道直走）straight down this road, you will see the post office on your left. 5). _(尽管他整天工作尽管他整天工作) all day and all night, he couldnt support his family.6）The students came in, _(跟在老师的跟在老师的后面后面) their teacher. 分词做状语分词做状语1.现在分词做状语现在

20、分词做状语A:ving形式形式(现在分词现在分词)可作时间、可作时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、伴随等状语，除伴随状语可改原因、结果、条件、让步、伴随等状语，除伴随状语可改为并列句，其它的则可改成相应的状语从句为并列句，其它的则可改成相应的状语从句(when) developingNot knowingcausingWalking (Though) Working following1)_ (hear) the bad news, they couldnt help crying.2) _(not receive) a reply , he decided to write again.3) _

21、(observe) the problem for many years , he announced that we are now facing the biggest environmental problem of our time.4) Dina,_(struggle) for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took aposition at alocal advertising agency.5)_(show) around the Birds Nest, tourists were then taken to visit

22、the Water Cube.B:动词动词ing形式形式(现在分词现在分词)作状语时与谓语动词所表示的动作同时或作状语时与谓语动词所表示的动作同时或几乎同时发生，几乎同时发生，having done表示先于谓语动词所表示的动作发生的动作表示先于谓语动词所表示的动作发生的动作Not having receivedHaving observedhaving struggledHaving been shownHearing He hurried to the station，only _(find) the train had left. He hurried to the station，onl

23、y _(tell) the train had left. The factory keeps releasing smoke, _(make) air_(pollute).(使空气被污染）使空气被污染） The factory keeps releasing smoke, _(使空气被污染使空气被污染,用定语从句翻译用定语从句翻译) 2:不定式与动词不定式与动词ing形式形式(现在分词现在分词)作结果状语的比较作结果状语的比较不定式作结果状语表示意想不到的结果；而动词不定式作结果状语表示意想不到的结果；而动词ing形式形式(现在分词现在分词)作结果状作结果状语表示自然而然的结果。语表示自然而

24、然的结果。to findto be toldmakingpollutedwhich makes air polluted写出下列句子的同义句写出下列句子的同义句1）When he was questioned about the accident, he kept silent. =(When)_ about the accident, he kept silent.2)If they had been given more attention,the trees would have grown better.=(If)_more attention, the trees would hav

25、e grown better.3)Lily made great progress at school, as she was encouraged by her teacher. = _by her teacher, Lily made great progress at school.4)Though he was beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret=_by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret.5)She sat by the window, lost in thou

26、ght. =She sat by the window, _ in thought.过去分词可作时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随等状语。过去分词可作时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随等状语。除伴随状语可改为并列句其它的则可改成相应的状语从句除伴随状语可改为并列句其它的则可改成相应的状语从句questionedGivenEncouraged (Though)Beaten and was lost3.3.过去分词做状语过去分词做状语Seen from the top of the hill, the park looks even moreSeeing from the top of the hill ，w

27、e find the park even more beautiful. 被动关系被动关系主 动 关主 动 关系系特别提示：特别提示：作状语时，是用现在分词还是用过去分词，取决于作状语时，是用现在分词还是用过去分词，取决于该动词与句子主语之间的关系。过去分词作状语，与句子主该动词与句子主语之间的关系。过去分词作状语，与句子主语之间在逻辑上是动宾关系；现在分词作状语，句子主语与语之间在逻辑上是动宾关系；现在分词作状语，句子主语与它之间在逻辑上是主谓关系。它之间在逻辑上是主谓关系。 4.4.分词做状语的比较分词做状语的比较 1）_in his work, he had no time to pla

28、y .(bury) _ himself in his work, he had no time to play 2）_ with trouble, he showed great courage.(face) _ trouble, he never gives up 3）_on practice, the theory is credible. (base) _ theory on practice, you will find it credible. 4）_ (compare) with English ,Chinese is more difficult. _(compare) Chin

29、ese with English , I find English easier. _(compare) the two kinds of cultures , and you will find some differences.Buried Burying Faced Facing Based Basing Compared Comparing Compare 5.分词作状语的基本原则：分词作状语的基本原则： 分词作状语时，分词作状语时， 分词的逻辑主语分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。必须与句子的主语保持一致。判断正误：判断正误：a. Entering the classroom,

30、 I found nobody in it. b. Entering the classroom, nobody was found in it. 2. a. Looking out through the window, the garden was beautiful. b. Looking out through the window, we saw a beautiful garden. 3. a. Reading the evening newspaper, a dog started barking. b. I was reading the evening newspaper w

31、hen a dog started barking. ( )1. Living near the sea, _.we enjoy healthy air and beautiful sight healthy air and beautiful sight is what we enjoyC. it is healthy air and beautiful sight we enjoy D. so we enjoy healthy air and beautiful sight practic TTT6. 有时可在有时可在doing/ done 前可加连词前可加连词: when, while,

32、 once, after , if, unless, though等表示时间，条件，让步等但等表示时间，条件，让步等但分词的逻辑主语必须和主句中的主语一致。分词的逻辑主语必须和主句中的主语一致。1) Anyone , once _ (test)positive for H7N9 flu virus , will receive medical treatment from our government. 2) While / When _(cook), she cut one of her fingers.3) I wont go to the party unless _（invite).4

33、) Though / Although _(have) lots of money, he is not happy.testedcookinginvitedhaving7.独立成分作状语独立成分作状语 有些分词作状语时，其形式的选用不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分有些分词作状语时，其形式的选用不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分 或插入语。常见的有：或插入语。常见的有： 例如例如 _his accent ,he is from the south . _your health , you d better have a rest .一般而言一般而言/坦率地说坦率地说/ 严格地说严格地说_根据根据来判

34、断来判断_考虑到考虑到；鉴于；鉴于_如果如果_generally / frankly/ strictly speakingjudging from /byconsidering / taking into considerationsupposing / providing /provided thatJudging fromConsidering二二. 找逻辑主语找逻辑主语三、分析语态三、分析语态四、分析时态四、分析时态一一. 辨别辨别“谓与非谓谓与非谓” 非谓语动词解题步骤非谓语动词解题步骤方法总结：方法总结：谓非谓，找主语，析语态，定时态谓非谓，找主语，析语态，定时态1.She was

35、found sitting in her wheelchair, completely _ in a fashion magazine her son had just bought.Aabsorbing Bbeing absorbed Cabsorbed Dto absorb2._ to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.A. Having been asked B. To ask C. Having asked D. To be asked3.The old man, _abroad for twenty years

36、, is on the way back to his motherland.to work B. working C. to have worked D. having worked 4. _ the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.A.Working out BWorked out CTo work out DWork out5.We all know that, _, the situation will get worsenot if dealt carefully wi

37、th B.if not carefully dealt withC. if dealt not carefully with D.not if carefully dealt with 6.The players _from the whole country are expected to bring us honour in this summer game.A. selecting B. to select C. selected D. having selected7.Today there are more airplanes_ morepeople than ever before in t