六年级英语语法汇总

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上六年级英语语法知识汇总一、词类：1、 动词：行为动词、be动词、情态动词。（1）行为动词 原形、+s/es、+ed、+ing，具体判断方法如下：（2）be动词a、Am-was Is -was Are-were 口诀：我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它，所有复数全用are。b、肯定和否定句 I am (not) from London. He /She is(not) a teacher. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small. c、 一般疑问句 Am I ? Yes, you are. No, you are

2、nt. Are you/they? Yes,we/ they are. No,we/ they arent. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isnt. is、am、are为一类，一般用于一般现在时、现在进行时和一般将来时中。was和were为另一类，一般用于一般过去时。（3）情态动词can、must、should、would、may。情态动词后动词总是用原形。（不受其他任何条件影响）2、 名词这里强调两点：不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is或者was。如何加后缀：a一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cat

3、s, bed-beds b以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches c以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries d以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives e不规则名词复数： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children

4、foot-feet ,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 3、 形容词（包括副词）形容词表示某一事物或的特征，副词表示某一动作的特征。形容词和副词只有两种形式：原形和+er。未作比较的情况下就用原形，比较时就+er。两个重要特征：asas中间一定用原形，有than的时候一定+er。4、 人称代词和物主代词人称代词物主代词单数复数单数复数主格宾格主格宾格形容词性（短）名词性（长）形容词性（短）名词性（长）第一人称Imeweusmymineourours第二人称youyouyouyouy

5、ouryoursyouryours第三人称hehimtheythemhishistheirtheirssheherherhersitititsits人称代词：有主格和宾格之分。一般动词前用主格，动词后用宾格。物主代词：有两类：形容词性物主代词（短的）和名词性物主代词（长的）一般看后面有没有名词，如有，就用形容词性物主代词（短的）；如无，就用名词性物主代词（长的）。5、 数量词:我们学过两类：基数词和序数词。基数用于表示数量多少，而基数词用于表示次序，常在日期中出现。序数词的前面一般都加the。6、冠词:有a、an、the。a和an的区别：an用于元音音素（一般就是元音字母aeiou）前，a用于

6、辅音音素前。二、否定句：be动词（am、is、are、was、were）+not、情态动词（can、must、should）+ not、助动词（do、does、did） + not如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否定句：1、看句中有无be动词，如有，直接在be动词后+ not。2、看句中有无情态动词，如有，直接在情态动词后+ not。3、如上述二者都没有，就应用助动词+ not。分四个步骤：（1）肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的，要加上去，位置在主语（某人或某物）后，动词前。（2）确定助动词用do、does还是did，根据句中动词，动词是原形的助动词就用do，动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does，动

7、词用过去式的助动词就有did。（3）在助动词后加not。（4）原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。强调一点，有some的要考虑是否要用any。三、一般疑问句。如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否定句：1、看句中有无be动词，如有，把be动词提到句首即可。2、看句中有无情态动词，如有，把情态动词提到句首即可。3、如上述二者都没有，就应把助动提到句首。分四个步骤：（1）肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的，要加上去，位置在主语（某人或某物）后，动词前。（2）确定助动词用do、does还是did，根据句中动词，动词是原形的助动词就用do，动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does，动词用过去式的助动词就有did。（

8、3）把助动词后提到句首。（4）原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。强调一点，有some的要考虑是否要用any。四、特殊疑问句。表示疑问，有疑问词（在开头），回答有很多种可能。常用疑问词： 疑问词意思用法When什么时间问时间What time 什么时间问具体时间，如几点钟Who谁问人Whose 谁的问主人Where在哪里问地点Which哪一个问选择Why 为什么问原因What 什么问东西、事物What colour什么颜色问颜色What about。怎么样问意见What day星期几问星期几What date什么日期问日期What for 为何目的问目的How 。怎样问情况How old多大

9、年纪问年纪How many多少数量（可数名词）问数量How much多少钱；多少数量（不可数名词）问多少钱或数量（不可数）How about。怎么样问意见How often多久问频率How long多长时间问时间长度How far 多远问多远；多长距离五、祈使句 表示请求或命令别人做某事或不要做某事。肯定祈使句一定是以动词原形开头（有时有please），否定的祈使句一定是dont加动词原形开头（有时有please）。把祈使句改为否定句只需在动词前加dont即可。六、时态1、一般现在时（1）一般现在时中的be动词：一般用原形：am is are am用于第一人称单数（I）；is用于第三人称单数（

10、he she it和其他人名或称谓，如：Ben his sister等）；are用于第二人称单数（you）和所有复数（包括第一人称复数we、第二人称复数you；第三人称复数they和其他复数，如the children 、 his parents等）。（2）一般现在时中的动词：第一种情况：主语是第三人称单数（he she it 和其他，如Helen 、her cousin 等），动词后一般加s或es。第二种情况：主语不是第三人称单数，动词都用原形。（4）一般现在时判断依据（如何判断一个句子是一般现在时）：be动词是am、is、are动词用原形或加s、es没有时间状语或有usually、ofte

11、n、everyday、sometimes等不是具体的时间2、一般过去时（1）一般过去时中的be动词：一般用过去式：was were was用于第一人称单数（I）和第三人称单数（he she it和其他人名或称谓，如：Ben 、 his sister等）；were用于第二人称单数（you）和所有复数（包括第一人称复数we、第二人称复数you；第三人称复数they和其他复数，如the children 、 his parents等）。（2）一般过去时中的动词：一般只有一种情况：+ed这里强调一点，和一般现在时不同的是这里不管主语是第几人称，也不管是单数和复数都加ed。（4）一般过去时判断依据（如何

12、判断一个句子是一般过去时）：be动词是was、were 动词加ed有表示过去的时间状语现在学过的常用的表示过去的时间状语有：just now a moment ago yesterday last week last night last weekend last year last month three days ago two weeks ago five years ago this morning3、一般将来时（1）构成形式：Be going to +动词原形， will + 动词原形 （2）一般将来时表示动作即将发生或某人打算做某事。（3）句中往往有tomorrow、soon、ne

13、xt week等词。4、现在进行时（1）构成形式：Be动词+动词的ing形式这里强调一点，两者缺少其中任何一种都不可以构成现在进行时。（2）现在进行时表示动作正在进行或事情正在发生。（3）有用的依据：一个句子中既有be动词，又有动词，且动词加了ing 该句是现在进行时（4）句中往往有now、look、listen等词。动词过去式、现在分词的不规则变化：专心-专注-专业be 是was, werebeing begin 开始beganbeginning build 建筑builtbuilding buy 买boughtbuying can 能could无 come 来camecoming copy

14、 拷贝copiedcopying do 做diddoing draw 画drewdrawing drink 喝drankdrinking drive 驾车drovedriving eat 吃ateeating feel 感觉feltfeeling find 找寻foundfinding fly飞flewflying forget 忘记forgotforgetting get 得到gotgetting give 给予gavegiving go 去wentgoing grow 成长grewgrowing have 有hadhaving hear 听heardhearing keep 保持keptk

15、eeping know 知道knewknowing learn学习learnt, learnedlearning let 让letletting make 做mademaking may 可以might无 mean 意思meantmeaning meet 见面metmeeting must 必须must无 put 放putputting read 读readreading ride 骑roderiding ring 响rangringing run 跑ranrunning say 说saidsaying see 看见sawseeing sing 唱歌sangsinging sit 坐satsi

16、tting sleep 睡觉sleptsleeping speak 讲话spokespeaking spend 花钱spentspending stand 站立stoodstanding sweep 打扫sweptsweeping swim 游泳swamswimming take 拿到tooktaking teach 教taughtteaching tell 讲述toldtelling think思考thoughtthinking will 意愿would无 write 写wrotewriting小升初英语考试，必须要掌握的英语语法知识点（一） 一、名词复数规则1.一般情况下，直接加-s，如：

17、book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3.以“辅音字母 y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4. 以“ f 或 fe ”结变f 或 fe为v , 再加-es如：knife-knives      Leafleaves5不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-women, poli

18、ceman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, child-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teeth6.单复数同形的名词：fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese写出下列各词的复数I _him _this _her _watch _child _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _peach_ sandwich 二、行为动词的变化。否定句：主语 don'

19、;t( doesn't ) 动词原形( 其它)。如： I don't like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：He doesn't often play.一般疑问句：Do( Does ) 主语 动词原形 其它。如：- Do you often play football?       - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如： - Does she go to work by bike?

20、       - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.三、动词单三形式的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3以“辅音字母 y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies四、一般现在时用法专练:（一）、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _

21、have_ pass_ carry_come_ watch_ plant_fly_study_ brush_ do_ teach_wash_（二）、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup? 6. What _they often _(do) on Satur

22、days? 7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You al

23、ways _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20. What day _(be) it today?   Its Saturday五、现在进行时1现

24、在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be + V-ing.3现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。动词加ing的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting3假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习：(一)、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_run_swim_

25、make_go_like_write_ ski_read_ have_ sing_dance_put_see_buy_love_live_take_come_get_stop_sit _ begin_ shop_(二)、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _( cook )some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an E

26、nglish lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music.9. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is.六、将来时理论及练习（一）、将来时，表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或预备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorro

27、w, next day/week/month/year.,soon,the day after tomorrow（后天）等。（二）、基本结构：be going to do；      will do.（三）、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）后加not或情态动词will后加not 成wont。例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon. （4） 、同义句：be going to = willI am

28、going to go swimming tomorrow. = I will go swimming tomorrow. 练习：填空1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2.我们将要学习英语We _ _ _ learn English.We _ learn English. 7、 一般过去时1一般过去时，表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。例如：yesterday，last week/mouth/year.，ago等等。 去时也

29、表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。2Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：am ，is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasnt）are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=werent）3句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句：didnt + 动词原形，如：Jim didnt go home yesterday.     动词过去式变化规则：1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：workworked , cookcooked2结尾是e加d，如：livelived3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-

30、ed，如：stopstopped4以“辅音字母 y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied5不规则动词过去式：am,iswas, arewere, dodid, seesaw, saysaid, givegave, getgotgowent, comecame, havehad, eatate, taketook, runran, singsang,putput, makemade, readread, writewrote, drawdrew, drinkdrank,swimswam, sitsat过去时练习 (1)写出下列动词的过去式isam_plant_ are_

31、drink_ play_ go_ make _does_ dance_ worry_ ask _taste_ eat_ put _kick_ pass_ do_练习：用be动词的适当形式填空1. I _ at school just now.2. He _ at the camp last week.3. We _ students two years ago.4. They _ on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.6. There _ an apple on the plate yesterda

32、y. 7. There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening. I _ an English teacher now.2. She _ happy yesterday.3. They _ glad to see each other last month.行为动词的过去时练习（2）用be动词的适当形式填空1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last n

33、ight.3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _.6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden l

34、ast morning? She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.8、 人称代词和物主代词 主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 I me my mineyou you your yourshe him his hisshe her her hers it it its itswe us our oursthey them heir theirs习题（一）.用所给词的适当形式填空1. That is not _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ is very big. ( I )2. The dress is

35、_. Give it to _. ( she )3. Is this _ watch? (you) No, its not _ . ( I )4. _ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _. ( he )（二）.用am, is, are 填空1. I _ a boy. _ you a boy? No, I _ not.2. The girl_ Jack's sister.3. The dog _ tall and fat.4. The man with big eyes _ a teacher.5. _ your

36、 brother in the classroom?6. Where _ your mother? She _ at home.7. How _ your father?8. Mike and Liu Tao _ at school.9. Whose dress _ this?小升初英语语法总结祈使句，感叹句，疑问句陈述句一祈使句Be careful!Please open your books.Let me have a try.Dont open the door.口诀：祈使句无主语，主语you常省去，动词原形当谓语，句首加dont变否定。二感叹句：用what 和how引导，what 修饰

37、的是名词，how修饰的是副词或形容词。结构：What + a/an + 形+可数名词单数+（主语+谓语）！What+形+可数名词复数/不可数名词+（主语+谓语）！How+ 形/副 +（主语+谓语）！_a fine day it is! （What）_useful work we have done! (What)_careful my mother is! (How)_delicious bread it is! (What)做题技巧：从右往左看，先划掉感叹号前的主语和谓语，剩下的是名词就用what,剩下的是形容词或者副词就用how。当然名词还需辨别可数不可数来确定是否有冠词a/an。三疑问句

38、疑问句有一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句，反意疑问句。1. 一般疑问句：需要用yes或no来回答。结构：助动词+主语+谓语Have you locked the door? Yes, I have.Can you play the piano? Yes, I can.2. 特殊疑问句：对句子中某一特殊部分提问的疑问句。结构：特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问句特殊疑问词：“非常6+1”，即6个W开头的疑问词（what/who/which/where/when/why）和1个H(How)开头的疑问词。how 与what的其他用法How much money do you want?How many pic

39、tures did you buy?How fast does he drive?How often do you go abroad?How many times do you go swimming in summer?How soon will you come back?How long have you been here？（2）What number are you?What color is your coat?What time is it?What day is it today?3. 选择疑问句：提供两种或两种以上的情况，供对方选择的。选择疑问句不能用Yes和No回答，其答

40、案只能是问句中提到的两个选择之一，如果考试中出现选择疑问句的选择题，选项中的Yes和No都要排除.Do you like tea or coffee？ I like coffee.Do you speak English or French? I speak EnglishWho runs faster, Tom or John? Tom.4.反意疑问句：附在陈述句之后，对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问。结构：助动词/情态动词+主语， 前肯后否，前否后肯。小升初英语考试中，一般以填空或者选择的形式，让孩子把反义疑问句后半句补充完整，从而来考察孩子对反义疑问句的掌握。He likes playi

41、ng football, doesnt he?He can speak English, cant he?其他类型反意疑问句的用法（1）There be 变成be thereThere are 3 dogs, arent there?Th here will be a meeting tomorrow, wont there?(2)祈使句后的反意疑问句：肯定祈使句的反意疑问句通常用will you 或wont you, 否定祈使句的反意疑问句只用will you。Pass me a book, will you?Have another cup of tea, wont you?Dont wa

42、tch too much TV, will you?Lets go shopping, shall we?Let us go now, will you?(3)陈述部分用 no, no one, nothing, nobody, never, few, little, seldom, hardly, rarely,等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。Birds rarely build nests in our garden, do they?He hardly says such words, does he?(4)陈述句的主语是不定代词everything, something, any

43、thing, nothing时，其后的反意疑问句主语用it。Everything is right, isnt it?Nothing is in the box, is it?(5)陈述句的主语是不定代词everybody, everyone, somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nobody, no one, none时，其后的反意疑问句主语用they。Everybody has got the new books, havent they?Everyone knows his job, dont they?Anyone can do that, cant

44、 they?No one is interested in math, are they?不定代词做主语的反义疑问句，指物的一般用it反问，指人的用they反问。(6)陈述部分的谓语是used to 时，疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语。She usted to climb the mountain, usednt she?/didnt she?(7)陈述部分有had better + do, 疑问句部分用hadn't you?You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?(8) 含有宾

45、语从句的主从复合句的反意疑问句中，简短问句一般反映主句中主、谓之间的关系。She said that they were happy, didnt she?You think that you are funny, dont you?_?但如果主句是I think, I believe等时，则简短问句反映的是that从句中主语与谓语之间的关系。I think (that) he is serious, isnt he?I dont think (that) he is serious, is he?(9) 否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。 This is important,

46、 isn't it? He is unhappy, isnt he?四、肯定句：是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子，如：Im a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.五、否定句：含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子，如：Im not a student. She is not (isnt) a doctor.He does not (doesn

47、t) work in a hospital. There are not (arent) four fans in our classroom. He will not (wont) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didnt) watch TV yesterday evening.注意 小结：否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 “not”。有动词be的句子则“not”加在be后面，可缩写成“isnt，arent”，但am not 一般都分开写。没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词（do，does，did），然后在它后面加上“not”，你也

48、可以把它们缩写在一起如“dont , doesnt , didnt ）。这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did” 。加强：一般疑问句：是指询问事实的句子，此类句子必须用“yes”，或“no”来回答。如：Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, Im not.Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isnt.Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he

49、doesnt.Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there arent.Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we arent.)Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(wont).Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they arent.Did yo

50、u watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didnt.注意 小结：一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上，把动词be调到首位，其他照写，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词（do，does，did）再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did” 。一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致，即问句里的第一个单词（助动词）和简略答句里的这个词是一致

51、的。4、特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词（what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等）开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么，不能用“yes 、no”来回答。如：What is this? Its a computer.What does he do? Hes a doctor.Where are you going? Im going to Beijing.Who played football with y you yesterday afternoon? Mike.Which season do you like best? Summer.When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30.Whose skirt is