上外全新大学英语综合教程讲义bookunit Travel

1、Book 4 Unit 8 TravelText A In the JungleLearning Objectives:1. understand the main idea and the structure of the text2. appreciate the fluid and sensual writing style3. grasp the key language points and grammatical structure of the text4. conduct a series of reading listening and writing activities

2、related to the theme of this unit First periodI. Discussion:1. Do you like traveling? Tell me one of the most impressive places you have visited.2. If you have enough time and money, where is your favorite place to visit? Why?3. What are some distinctive features of an out -of -the way, inaccessible

3、 place such as jungle, desert, or remote mountainous areas? ( unspoiled, unpolluted, primitive)4. Why would such a place appeal to many people today? The use of traveling is to regulate imagination by reality, and instead of thinking how things may be, to see them as they are. _ Samuel Johnson(enlar

4、ge the knowledge, enjoy the grand sceneries, landscape, landmark, travel around the world, historical interest, pasture, garden architecture, beautiful mountains and clear rivers, inviting views, relaxed, artifact, handicraft, fresh air) In my opinion, one of the pleasant things in the world is goin

5、g a journey. The soul of journey is liberty, perfectly liberty to think, feel, just as one please. We go a journey chiefly to be free from obstacles, inconvenience, stress, to leave ourselves behind. With the development of the society, more and more people live in urban area. While they are enjoyin

6、g the convenience of the modern technology and the economy, they are also suffering from all kinds of disadvantages of the city, such as pollutions, traffic jam and the information explosion. Besides, they have to be faced with some pressures from study, work, family ect. So people sometimes really

7、want to find a way to be away from the bustling city, and be back of the nature. In this way, they can appreciate the beauty of the nature; understand the true meaning of the spiritual world. And they can fully relax; their soul can be purified. So more and more people choose travel during the holid

8、ays. Some people choose to go to the tranquil, beautiful and mysterious places, such as the old forest, the isolated islands and the jungle. In this text we will appreciate the beautiful sceneries of the Napo River the author showed to us.II Background information1. Amazon is a world of trees and wa

9、ter in the middle of South America. Its the worlds mightiest river, running through the worlds largest tropical rainforest.Most trips to the Amazon are based on either a boat or a lodge. If you fancy traveling by boat, many organized trips incorporate traveling on the main river with side trips on s

10、maller tributaries, either in motorboat or in canoes. If you prefer exploring the rainforest on foot, you can usually find some local people who are ready to guide you through certain parts of it despite all kinds of difficulties. If you want a little more adventure, the upper Amazon flows off the A

11、ndes, creating ideal opportunities for rafting through rarely visited area.While the overwhelming beauty of the Amazon lies in its diverse and complex nature, it is also a place where plants are king, inserts come a close second, and animals hide to survive. With a good guide you will see many birds

12、 and some mammals, including monkeys but only if you are very lucky will you see a jaguar.2. Ecuador: republic in northwestern South America, bounded by Colombia on the north, by Peru on the east and south, and by the Pacific Ocean on the west. The country also includes the Galapagos Islands (Colon

13、Archipelago) in the Pacific, about 965 km (about 600 mi) west of the mainland. Ecuador straddles the equator (Ecuador is the Spanish word for "equator") and has an area of 272,045 sq km (105,037 sq mi). Quito is the country's capital. Ecuador has a diverse population composed of people

14、 of European, Native American, and African descent. The majority are mestizos, individuals of mixed European and Native American ancestry. Most of the Native Americans live in poverty in the highlands region, where a small elite of European descent controls most of the land and wealth. Ecuador was a

15、 Spanish colony until 1822, when independence forces won a decisive victory over Spain. Ecuador has had a democratically elected government since 1979, but historically the government has alternated between civilian rule and military dictatorship. Most political conflicts involved squabbles among gr

16、oups within the upper classes who controlled the nation's wealth.3. Andes: the principal mountains of South America and one of the greatest mountain systems of the world. The Andes include some of the world's highest peaks. More than 50 of them soar higher than 6,100 m (20,000 ft) above sea

17、level. Only the Himalayas of south central Asia are higher. The lofty plateaus and high mountain valleys of the Andes contain some of the highest permanent human settlements in the world. The Andes are the longest system of high mountain ranges on earth. They extend for more than 8000 km (5000 mi) i

18、n a narrow belt along the western edge of the South American continent, from the coast of the Caribbean Sea in the north to the island of Tierra del Fuego in the extreme south. Along almost its entire length, the Andes rise abruptly from the Pacific coast. The mountains reach into seven countries: V

19、enezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, and Argentina.4. Napo River: Napo is an important river due its size and the main transportation for many inhabitants but also because of its history. Francisco Orellana arrived at its shore from Quito in the 16th century and navigated to the Amazon

20、 and then all the way to the Atlantic Ocean. III A brief introduction of text AThe author Annie Dillard (a renowned nature writer and Prize owner) tells of her visit to the Napo River in the heart of the Ecuadorian jungle, one of natures most unspoiled places. She describes the beauty of the forest

21、and her admiration for the people who lived there.IV Assignment: 1. Preview the text and get familiar with the new words and phrases 2. Do the text organization exercise in page 273.Second period I. Review : The information of Amazon and the new words mentioned last time.II. Structure AnalysisPart o

22、ne: ( para 1- 5) description of the Napo River and surrounding jungle scenery at night together with the authors reflection on it.Part two: ( para 6- 8) Recalling what happened to her at their arrival at the village and what others felt about the Napo River and the people there.Part three: (para 9-

23、18) detailed description of the journey in the jungle and her feeling about it.III. Detailed study of the textPart one ( para 1- 5) There is an abundance of sensory impression in the essay. All of our five senses are appealing to here. Questions:What did they hear?A nightjar in deep leaved shadow ca

24、lled three long notes, and hushed. All at once, in the thatch house across the clearing behind us came the sound of a recorder, playing a tune that twined over the village clearing, muted our talk on the bankside, and wandered over the river, dissolving downstream. What did they see?They were watchi

25、ng a hand-sized tarantula seize moths that came to the lone bulb on the generator shed beside us.Green fireflies spattered lights across the air and illumined for seconds, now here, now there, the pale trunks of enormous, solitary trees.Napo River was rising, in all silence; it coiled up the sandy b

26、ank and tangled its foam in vines that trailed from the forest and roots that looped the shore.Each star in Orion seemed to tremble and stir with my breath.What did they feel?They feel the coldness of the drinks and of the night.What did they smell?They smell the sweetness in the air.Part two: (para

27、 6- 8)Not only does the author move effortlessly from one sensory impression to another, but she also handles the changes in time and place in a smooth, seamless way. In this part she first writes about what happened “later that night”, then moved back to narrate the incidents of “that afternoon”, f

28、inally back to “now”. she was sitting on a tree stump on the river bank near a palm- thatch village in Part 1, then she sat in a camp in Part 2, went on a journey away from the river into the jungle and finally returned to a riverside village in Part 3.Questions:1. What made Dilliard loose her hair

29、from its braids in the middle of the night? What had happened before that?2. What did the Manhattan writer think about their spending time in the jungle?Part three: (para 9- 18) Questions:1. What did they find along Napo River? ( para 10-12)wide, brown and opaque Napo River, parrot in flocks dart in

30、 and out of the light,anacondas, crocodiles, sweet- meated fish gray strips of sandbar, clean people dugout canoes 2. What did they see inside the jungle? (para13)Bright blue, striped or clear-winged butterflies, a swath of ants 3. What did they see while canoeing on one of the lakes?wonderful lakes

31、, herons, kingfishers, cuckoos, great turkeylike birds, hawks, turtle, the boy was playing with birds, opaque river water, paich, piranha fish, electric eels4. What did they eat at night in the village and what did they see? (para17)They eat chicken together with ice, onions and heaps of fruit.They

32、see two nuns and the children swarm around nuns, hopping, smiling at them. IV. Key words and expressions:1. be dying to do sth/ for sth: desire to do sth eg: I am dying to Guilin after his wonderful introduction.2. in the heart of: in the center of eg: The Bell Tower is lying in the heart of Xian.at

33、 heart 内心里，本质上 break ones heart 使某人伤心 from (the bottom of) ones heart 从心底 to ones heart content 尽情的3. out of sight The woman didnt go into the house until her daughter drove away and faded out of the sight.4. take apart: separate into its different partseg: I took apart the electronic car in order t

34、o know its working principle. 5. get ones hands on: catch hold of find sth or get sth (same as lay ones hands on)eg: I wish I could get my hands on a copy Harry Potter. He wants to get his hand on a present from his girl friend.6. tangle: catch in or as in a net, trap, mixed together or intertwine i

35、n a confused masstangle sth up: (cause sth to) become twisted into a confused mass 使某物乱作一团eg.: Her hair got all tangled up in the barbed wire fence.tangle with sth. or sb.: become involved in a quarrel or fight with sb. or sth. 与某人吵架，与某事有纠葛eg.: I shouldnt tangle with Peter, he is bigger than me.5. d

36、issolve: (of a solid) become a part of liquid; fade away, disappear eg.: Salt dissolves in water. All his hopes dissolved at the terrible news.6. hush: be or become silenteg.: Having cried for half an hour, the little boy hushed. The nurse hushed the little girl by giving her some candy.V.Assignment

37、: 1. do the exercise 2. preview the text B in details and try to grasp the main idea Third periodReview the text A Text B Illinois JourneyIBackground knowledge1. Illinois It is one of the states of America. It is well known for its agriculture, especially for the production of corn. The name of the

38、state comes from Indian with its meaning “Warriors”.2. Saul BellowSaul Bellow was born Solomon Bellows in Lachine, Quebec, a suburb of Montreal. He is an American author, winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1976, one of the major representatives of Jewish-American writers. Bellow's works

39、 influenced widely American literature after World War II. Among his most famous characters are Augie March, Moses E. Herzog, Arthur Sammler, and Charlie Citrine - a superb gallery of self-doubting, funny, charming, disillusioned, neurotic, and intelligent observers of the modern American way of lif

40、e. He died in the year of 2005, leaving a lot of great works, "Dangling Man," "The Victim," "The Adventures of Augie March," (National Book Award winner) "Seize the Day," "Henderson the Rain King," "Herzog," (National Book Award winner) etc

41、. Fourth periodI. Structure1. Beginning (para.1): the authors genera1 impression of Illinois at the first sight.Question: what is the authors general impression for Illinois at the first sight ? Answer: In the authors eyes, Illinois is monotonous rather than striking at first. There is an eternal ne

42、arly featureless sameness2. Body (para.2-6). The authors detailed description about Illinois.1) The prairie of Illinois (para.2): it extends forever, slowly rising and falling. Question: why did the author mention Indians?Answer: On the one hand, there is a similarity between the rising and falling

43、land and the graves of Indians in shape, so the author could easily think about Indians. On the other hand, the author was to make a contrast between the old days and his time. The Indians would like to have the really great power from the land but they failed. On the contrary, farmers of Illinois n

44、owadays do it.2) The soil of the Illinois prairies (para.3): It is fat, rich, thick and it looks oil-darkened.Question: why did the author give us detailed information about the machines on the prairies?Answer: It can be seen that all these machines are used for farm work. That is to say, there is a

45、n advanced agriculture industry on the prairies of Illinois. With the help of these machines, the soil creates wealth, the soil stores wealth, the soil is wealth.3) The solitude and silence on the prairie of Illinois (para.4-5)Question: How did the author describe the solitude and silence on the pra

46、irie?Answer: As far as the author is concerned, the solitude and silence are deep and wide. Judging from the signs made by the farmers, he knew that there must be someone, but to his disappointment, he could not see anybody on account that their houses are far within the fields. In addition, he wrot

47、e about those noisy machines very carefully, thats because he wanted to give us an idea that it is really silent on the field of Illinois. 4) The cornfields on the Prairie of Illinois (para.6): North, south, east and west, there is no end to them.3. Conclusion (para.7): The authors feeling about the

48、 cornfields on the prairies. Compared with the present glories, the small bands of people who once lived there in the past, they are only historical ornaments to the pride nowadays.II. Language pointsWords and phrases:1. seduce, vt to persuade to disobedience or disloyalty; to lead astray usually by

49、 persuasion or false promisesseduce sb. into (doing sth.) e.g. He seduced me into stealing.2. imminent, adj. forth coming, impending e.g. According to the weather forecast a rainstorm is imminent.3. productive, adj. fertile, fruitful, prolificeg: He is a very productive writer.The discussions seem t

50、o be very productive only of quarrels.4. be given to: be adjusted to eg: I am given to the vision of sea when I can not fall asleep. I am given to living in this city.Difficult sentences:1. Translate the sentence into Chinese: They have left their bones, their flints and pots, their place names and

51、tribal names and little besides except a stain, seldom vivid, on the consciousness of their white successors.(Line19-21)他们留下了他们的骨头，他们的打火石和罐子,他们的地名,部落名字.此外,没留下什么,只给驱逐他们的白人留下一丝愧疚感。2. Along the roads, with in form like the tents of Mongolia. (L26-28)This is an inverted sentence. “them” means “steel storage bins